Inspiring Fraternity Men: A Three Tiered Peer
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Transcript Inspiring Fraternity Men: A Three Tiered Peer
20:1 SEXUAL ASSAULT
PREVENTION PROGRAM
A PEER EDUCATION MODEL FOR GREEK
LIFE AND ATHETICS
PRESENTED BY
DARA RABOY-PICCIANO, LCSW-R
&
RANDALL M-J EDOUARD, MSEd
Raboy-Picciano/Edouard 2013
TIER ONE: EMPATHY-BASED
PROGRAM
TIER TWO-AWARENESS-BASED
PROGRAM
TIER THREE-BYSTANDER-BASED
PROGRAM
THIS THREE TIER APPROACH FOR
MEN WAS CREATED BY DARA
RABOY-PICCIANO, JACK
CAUSSEAUX, JUAN ROSARIO, IAN
BEL, PETER PANDAZIS, AND
RICHARD REYNOSO
Raboy-Picciano 2013
20:1 Best Practices
Principles
Gender Specific
Peer to Peer
Culturally Specific (Greek Life,
Athletics)
Gender Balanced (Presenters)
Interactive Format
Real Life Scenarios
Focus on Sexual Consent
Focus on Bystander Behavior
Address Victim Blaming/Rape
Myths
Address Predatory Behavior
Encourage Victim Support
Raboy-Picciano/2013
Raboy-Picciano/Causseaux/2009
THE FOCUS GROUPS
FOCUS GROUP QUESTIONS:
Do you think sexual assault is a problem on BU
campus? How is it a problem and how pervasive?
How do you believe the idea of consent is understood?
How do members of a fraternity express dissatisfaction
with one another? How do they stand up to each
other?
If you were to design an effective sexual assault
prevention program what would it look like?
Do you think men can play an important role in this
process?
Raboy-Picciano 2013
WHAT WAS LEARNED
Fraternities want to address bystander
behavior
Fraternity men will listen to fraternity
men, especially fraternity leaders
Educate in small groups
Keep fraternities separate, to promote indepth conversation.
Men don’t understand consent
Raboy-Picciano 2013
TIER ONE: EMPATHY
BASED PROGRAM
Model Based on John Foubert’s “The Men’s Program”
20:1 model is modified to fit campus culture at
Binghamton in order to elicit the best response and
facilitate that highest possible level of personal growth
from our fraternity men
Uses Sexual Assault and Consent Definitions from
Sokolow and Berkowitz (2002)
Tier One builds empathy through use of Police Training
Video and Discussion around victim blaming, victim
experience, as well as how to help a victim
Empathy is Built, But
Lack of Understanding around Consent, so 20:1
created Tier Two
Raboy-Picciano/Causseaux/Rosario/20:1 2009
TIER TWO: AWARENESS BASED
PROGRAM (CONSENT)
Tier Two focuses on Sexual Consent
Using the Consent Game© students have the
opportunity to explore in depth the meaning of consent
through practical application, and challenge deeply
held beliefs in a non-threatening way.
Discussion of definition of sexual assault (Sokolow)
Discussion of definition of consent (Berkowitz)
Play the Consent Game©
Discussion/Know the Facts hand out
Lisak’s “The Undetected Rapist” DVD and stats used
Raboy-Picciano/Causseaux/Rosario/20:1 2009
TIER THREE: BYSTANDER
BASED PROGRAM
Model adapted from Banyard’s “Bringing in the Bystander”
The Third Tier emerged from comments of participants who felt
they had become more aware of the problem of sexual assault
and prevention but wanted to know more about how to intervene.
Discuss what it means to be a Bystander
Give personal example of own struggle with being a bystander
Empathy building exercise: Important in setting the mood
Bystander Group Activity: This explores the what, whys, and how
of intervening and helps people explore their own personal
reasons, influences, and obstacles for whether or not they might
intervene as a bystander.
Raboy-Picciano/Rosario/20:1/Edouard 2009/2013
A PROGRAM FOR WOMEN
Written By Dara Raboy-Picciano, Randall Edouard,
and members of the 20:1 Sexual Assault Preventions
Peer Education Internship Class of 2011/2012 and
2012/2013
This is NOT a Risk Reduction Program
This is an Educational Program
Three Goals:
Exploring Sexual Consent
Building Sisterhood through Challenging Victim
Blaming and Building Support
Understanding Predatory Behavior
Raboy-Picciano/Edouard/20:1/2013
20:1 Data Collection and
Analysis
Qualitative and
Quantitative Data
Data from 2005-2007
Data from 2008-2010
Data from 2010 – the
present
Pre/Post Surveys
Tier One and Tier Two
Raboy-Picciano 2013
Pre/Post Surveys
Surveys Updated in 2010
Data from 2010-present will be
run next year
What we are looking at:
Understanding of Sexual
Assault
Understanding of Sexual
Consent
Victim Blaming/Rape Myths
Victimization
Perpetration
Anticipated Behavioral Change
Qualitative Responses
Raboy-Picciano/Dallimore/Edouard/2013
Data Analysis
The First Two Years
Over 200 Fraternity Men
Pre/Post Test Questions
Quantitative/Qualitative Analysis
Need for all Three Tiers
Self-Reported Perpetration Rates
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Data Groups
Two groups of fraternity men
Group One; n = 198
Received first tier Empathy-based program
Group Two; n = 36
Received second tier Awareness-based program
Slightly older on average than group one
participants
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Data Group One
Race/Ethnicity
Frequency Percent
African-American
Asian-American
Caucasian/Euro-American
Latino/Hispanic
8
48
119
9
4.0
24.2
60.1
4.5
Middle Eastern-American
Multi-racial American
International
1
1
4
0.6
0.56
2.0
Other
8
4.0
198
100
TOTAL
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Data Group Two
Race/Ethnicity
Frequency
Percent
Euro-American (Caucasian)
29
80.6
Latino-Hispanic American
1
2.8
Middle Eastern American
2
5.6
Multi Racial American
2
5.6
International
1
2.8
Other
1
2.8
TOTAL
36
100.0
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Drinking Behavior of Data
Groups
Data Group One
Drinks/
week
0
Data Group Two
Percent
Frequency
Percent
0
0
27
13.6
Drinks/
week
0
1-3
36
18.2
1-3
0
0
4-6
33
16.7
4-6
2
5.6
7+
102
51.5
7+
34
94.4
Frequency
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
The Three Questions
To what degree are men reporting perceived
perpetration of sexual assault?
Does the program facilitate a change in attitude
regarding sexual assault and sexual consent?
Is the program facilitating, or at least
encouraging, behavioral change?
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Self-Reported Perpetration
Rates-Before Training
Both groups were asked the question, “Do you
believe you have engaged in behaviors that meet
the definition of sexual assault?”
Data Group One had self-report rates in pre-testing
showing 6.6% of men (13) felt they had engaged in
behavior that could be defined as sexual assault.
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Group One
Have not
Have
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Self-Reported Perpetration
Rates-Before Training
Data Group Two had self-report rates in pre-testing
showing 13.9% (5 men) believed they had engaged
in behaviors that met the definition of sexual
assault.
Between the two groups 18 men (7.7%) responded
in the affirmative to the question.
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Group Two
Have not
Have
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Self-Reported Perpetration
Rates-After Training
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Discussion of the findings
Men were reporting sexual assault in significant numbers, but
there was also a large increase in the understanding of what
constitutes sexual assault and consent
There was a need to separate out the components of building
empathy and increasing awareness, but data indicate both
components are necessary to the program
Provided some introductory normative data on men that sexual
assault is clearly minority behavior, with a majority of fraternity
men wanting to make changes
Education by peers helped them approach the topic in a manner
that made fraternity men more comfortable with topic, its
discussion, and more receptive to education.
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Looking at Behavior
Change
Data Group One: 32 men felt their behaviors
met the definition of sexual assault following
training
25 (78.1%) of these felt they would alter their
behavior
7 (21.9%) felt they would not
3 (9.4%) answered yes on both pre and post
survey and did not express the feelings that
they would change their behavior.
This is 1.5% of total sample
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Looking at Behavior
Change
Data Group Two: 13 men felt their behavior
met the definition of sexual assault following
training on the post test.
13 (36.1%) felt they would alter their behavior
of all men in data group two.
23 (68.9%) felt they would not
5.6% answered yes in both pre and post
surveys and “no” as to whether or not they
change their behavior.
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Looking at Behavior Change
Discussion of the Findings
Between the two data groups, 130 men
(55.6%) felt they would alter their behavior
At the same time, 41.5% of the men (97) did
not feel they had committed a sexual assault
either before or after training
Qualitative data indicated these men wanted to
participate in creating cultural change but did
not know what to do
This exemplified the need for the third tier
focusing on bystander behavior
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Discussion of the Findings
In both Data Groups, there was a percentage of men who
answered yes to both the pre-test and post-test question asking
whether their behavior met the definition of sexual assault and
then answered “no” as to whether or not they would change their
behavior after participating in the program.
In data group one, these men accounted for 1.5% (3 men), and in
the second group 5.6% (2 men).
Additionally, there was a slightly larger pool of men who had
responded in the affirmative on the post-test regardless of their
previous opinion who were not willing to change
In Group One, there were 7 of these men (3.5%), while in Group
Two, they accounted for 22.2% (8 men)
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Discussion on the Findings
These men represent a portion of the population for who the
program was not effective, and the numbers are roughly in line with
what other studies have found
They represent a significant concern and highlight the need to both
include a focus on change at the cultural/community level and
educate others about how they can successfully intervene
Combined Groups Willingness to Change
Will change-No SA
Will change-SA
No change-No SA
No change-SA
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Limitations of the Data
Pilot program that went through several
alterations
Assessment tools were changed to meet the
need of the program as it developed
Not all of the data was able to be compared
between the various assessment tools
Did not include assessment of peer behavior
on initial assessment tools
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Qualitative Data from the
First Two Years
Comments tended to fit into three
categories
Category One: Perspective
Category Two: Consent
Category Three: Peer Education
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
What the Qualitative Data
Said
Examples from Category One: “informative from the
female standpoint”, “different thought of rape”
Examples from Category Two: “Clarification about
consent”, “It has informed me about consent”, “learned
about consent”
Examples from Category Three: “It wasn’t from the
perspective of elders, it was the point of view of real
students’, “the presentation, we can relate to”, I like the
scenarios and the speakers. The knew what they were
speaking about”.
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
What the Qualitative Data
Said
What they liked about the program:
“Down to earth”
“Interactive and related to us”
“discussions free and open”
“it’s honest, it’s true and examples are real”
What they didn’t like:
“length of the program”
“Video too graphic”
“did not think some members of fraternity were serious during
presentation”
Do not think sexual assault is prevalent on campus”
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Data Analysis 2008-2010
Demographics:
Over 500 students
180 Fraternity Men
161 Women in
Sororities or
Professional
Fraternities
118 Male Athletes
85 Female Athletes
Raboy-Picciano 2013
Greek Life Demographics
Ethnicity
Caucasian
242
AsianAmerican
31
“Other”
20
Latino
18
Does not
drink
45%
Multi-Racial
8
1-3/week
18%
AfricanAmerican
6
4-6/week
10%
Over
7/week
25%
Raboy-Picciano /Dallimore/2013
Reported
Drinking
Do You Believe that after
Participating in this Program
your Behavior will change: Yes
Raboy-Picciano/Dallimore/ 2013
Do you believe you have
engaged in sexually assaultive
behavior: Yes
Raboy-Picciano /Dallimore/2013
Do you believe that you have
been sexually assaulted: Yes
Raboy-Picciano /Dallimore/2013
Unexpected Outcomes
20:1 Members as First
Responders
Yo Bro 20:1
The tremendous
commitment the men
felt to the program
20:1 members as
bridge in cases:
example; date rape
drugs at fraternity
houses.
Raboy-Picciano 2013
Questions/Comments
Raboy-Picciano/Edouard /2013
For more information contact 20:1
at [email protected]