Transcript Where on Earth are you?

Making Maps Using GPS
Presented by
Richard Yuretich
Robert Snyder
Morton Sternheim
STEM Education Institute
University of Massachusetts Amherst
Our Sponsor
NASA grant # NNG05GN64G
STEM Earth Central
In collaboration with
National Association of Geoscience Teachers
Spaces still open for upcoming
Summer Institutes at UMass Amherst:
IPY STEM Polar Connections: July 14-18
Nanotechnology: July 7-11
Today’s Agenda
1.
2.
3.
4.
Latitude and Longitude Angles
How you will use GPS today
Heading and Bearing
Constructing a map using the GPS data
that you collect
Today’s materials are online at:
http://umassk12.net/earth/
Where on Earth are we?
A Slice of Earth reveals the location
of Latitude and Longitude angles
Satellites orbiting in a large sphere can
indicate where you are on spherical Earth
Your Garmin 72 GPS receiver will
receive microwave signals from the
network of orbiting satellites.
When you are outside,
the GPS Information Page
will indicate how many
satellite signals you are
receiving.
Your Garmin 72 GPS receiver will
receive microwave signals from the
network of orbiting satellites.
When you are inside a
building, you can use the
simulator to become familiar
with the Garmin 72 pages
and data fields.
GPS 72 Basic Operations
(see also GPS Basics handout)
1. Power
On/Off
4. ROCKER. Use
this to scroll up
and down
through the
“Waypoints” and
name your base
station.
2. PAGE will
switch off
initial warning
message and
toggle among
the various
screens.
3. ENTER. Press and hold
to display “Mark Waypoint”
page
Mark your Waypoint
• Press and Hold
ENTER to display
“Mark Waypoint”
page.
• Scroll to the
“Name Field” with
the ROCKER
• Spell out the
name of your
waypoint using
the ROCKER,
then press
ENTER.
• Scroll to “OK” and
press ENTER.
Navigating with the GPS 72
(see also GPS Basics handout)
2. GOTO will
display the
waypoints stored
in the GPS
3. ROCKER. Use
this to highight
the waypoint that
will be your
destination.
The GPS Information Page is
described on Page 9 of the
Garmin 72 owners manual and
reference guide and in the online manual.
1. PAGE will
switch to the
GPS
Information
Page showing
your latitude
and longitude
4. ENTER. Press after
you have highlighted
your waypoint.
Navigating
with GPS Information Page
• Use the Latitude and
Longitude information
in the “Location” field to
help find your assigned
location.
• There should be
appropriately labeled
flagging tape near your
destination. Use this as
your map point.
Latitude and Longitude Systems
• The coordinates of your destinations are expressed as
Degree, Minutes, and Seconds. This system is used on
USGS Topographic maps
For example: 41º 20’ 37” N, 71º 56’ 17” W
• There are other ways to indicate coordinates.
Meteorologists often indicate the location of Atlantic
Ocean hurricanes in Degree Decimal form.
For example: 22.76 N, 59.45º W
Changing the measurement system in a Data Field
is described at the end of Page 3 of GPS Basics.
Determining Bearing and Distance to
Base Station
1. Press GOTO to
display the
waypoints stored
in the GPS
2. ROCKER. Use
this to highlight
the waypoint that
will be your
destination (i.e.
your base
station).
3. ENTER. Press after
you have highlighted
your destination
waypoint.
Returning to Base Station (cont.)
(see also GPS Basics handout)
4. ROCKER. Use
this to move the
waypoint to a
rectangular box
at the top of the
page.
5. ENTER. Press to
highlight that waypoint
in the list. Press
ENTER again to show
pointer page.
Pointer Page
(see also GPS Basics handout)
You may need
to change the
Data Fields
(See Page 3 of
GPS Basics).
3. Data Fields show
various information.
Change one field to
read “Distance to Next.”
1. Black Arrow
shows compass
direction (bearing) to
your selected
waypoint
4. MENU. Press this
button and use the
rocker to highlight
“Change Data Field.”
2. Line at top of Compass
dial shows the direction
you are walking (heading).
Heading and Bearing are
measured in degrees.
Summary of Tasks
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Make sure that your GPS
receives sufficient satellite
signals for navigation.
Go to the plaza outside of
Neiman-Marcus and mark this
as your base station.
Use the latitude and longitude
coordinates on the GPS
Information Page to guide you
to your mapping location.
At your mapping site, make the
base station your “GO TO”
destination.
Record the distance and
compass bearing that is shown
on the GPS Pointer Page.
If Time Permits!
As we gather at the base station we
may have time for some teams to collect
data about other points of interest in the
Copley Square area.
Using GPS Data to construct a Map
• Field data will be compiled to construct an
accurate, scaled map of the area.
• Use protractor to plot compass bearing
between data station(s) and base station.
• Use metric ruler to plot distance along the
bearing at appropriate scale
Plotting Your Bearing
N
Base
• Bearing from data
station to base station
is 060 (60º).
• Reverse direction is
therefore 300.
• Protractor placed on
base station point can
be used to plot
direction to data
station.
• Distance will be
determined by scale
Building a Map
References
Slide 4: http://www.fourmilab.ch/cgi-bin/Earth
Slide 5: Earth Science: The Challenge of Discovery; D.C.Heath and Co.
1991
Slide 6: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:ConstellationGPS.gif
Slides 7 to 16:
http://www8.garmin.com/manuals/GPS72_OwnersManual.pdf
Slide 17:
http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/geology/leveson/core/linksa/map
comp.html