Transcript Nano technology - Food prep sheet 2011

NANO TECHNOLOGY AND GM FOODS
Lesson 25
Starter Activity

How big do you think a nanometre is?

ANSWER - one millionth of a millimetre.
Learning outcomes
KNOW
How Nanotechnology and Genetic modification(GM) are
being used in Food technology
 UNDERSTAND
The benefits and risks to the consumer and agriculture
from these.
 BE ABLE TO…
 DESCRIBE what nano technology and GM foods are
 Give at least 3 examples of Nanotechnology and GM in
foods
 EXPLAIN the role of the EU in the development and
understanding of Nanotechnology and GM in foods
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Lesson 14
Manufacturing
quality and
CAD/CAM
Lesson 23
Labelling and
packaging
Lesson 24 SECE
Lesson 15
Equipment
Lesson 22
Acids, alkaline
and additives
Lesson 25
Technological
Developments
- NANO
Lesson 3 Dips
Lesson 10
Research
Techniques
Lesson 16
PRACTICAL
Cultural breads
Lesson 21
Combining
ingredients and
structures
Lesson 26 & 27
PRACTICE
EXAM
Lesson 4 & 5
Safe storage
Lesson 8 & 9
Design exam
Questions
Lesson 17
Prototypes and
sensory testing
Lesson 20
PRACTICAL
Pastry twist
development
Lesson 6
Standard
components
Lesson 7
PRACTICAL
Bread sticks
Lesson 18
Nutrition and
healthy Eating
Lesson 19
Nutrition and
healthy Eating
Lesson 1 Dips
Lesson 2
PRACTICAL
Dips
Lesson 13
PRACTICAL
Bread and
share
Lesson 11 & 12
Functions of
foods
BIG
PICTURE
OF EXAM
PREP
SHEET
LESSONS
What does the spec say?
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Have an awareness of the reasons why food may be
packaged in different forms to extend shelf life,
including the use of new technologies such as
nanotechnology
Have an awareness of how new technologies are used
to produce new foods and ingredients, including nano
foods and be aware of consumer concerns around
these developments, including the views of the
European Union.
Understand the advantages and disadvantages of
Genetically Modified Foods to food producers and
consumers;
Nanotechnology
Working with nanoparticles is called
nanotechnology.
•Nanotechnology is the manufacture and use of
materials and structures at the nanometre scale
(a nanometre is one millionth of a millimetre)
•
Nanoparticples
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NANOPARTICPLES are being developed that will
deliver vitamins or other nutrients in food and
beverages without affecting the taste or
appearance.
These nanoparticles actually ENCAPSULATE the
NUTRIENTS and carry them through the stomach
into the bloodstream
Nanocapsules
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Research is also being conducted to develop
nanocapsules containing nutrients that would be
released when nanosensors detect a vitamin
deficiency in your body.
Basically this research could result in a super
vitamin storage system in your body that delivers
the nutrients you need, when you need them.
Nanosensors for bacteria detection
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Nanosensors are being developed that can detect
bacteria and other contaminates, such as
salmonella, at a packaging plant.
This will allow for frequent testing at a much lower
cost than sending samples to a lab for analysis.
This point-of-packaging testing, if conducted
properly, has the potential to dramatically reduce
the chance of contaminated food reaching grocery
store shelves.
Packaging examples
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Researchers are using silicate nanoparticles to
provide a barrier to gasses (for example oxygen), or
moisture in a plastic film used for packaging. This
could reduce the possibly of food spoiling or drying
out.
Zinc oxide nanoparticles can be incorporated into
plastic packaging to block UV rays and provide anti
bacterial protection, while improving the strength
and stability of the plastic film.
Hygiene examples
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Storage bins are being produced with silver
nanoparticles embedded in the plastic.
The silver nanoparticles kill bacteria from any
material that was previously stored in the bins,
minimising health risks from harmful bacteria.
Agriculture example
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Another development being pursued is a network
of nanosensors and dispensers used throughout a
farm field.
The sensors recognise when a plant needs
nutrients or water, before there is any sign that the
plant is deficient.
The dispensers then release fertiliser, nutrients, or
water as needed, optimizing the growth of each
plant in the field one by one.
Pesticides
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Researchers are also working on pesticides
encapsulated in nanoparticles; that only release
pesticide within an insect's stomach, minimising
the contamination of plants themselves.
Future projects
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"Interactive" foods are being developed that would
allow you to choose the desired flavour and colour.
Nanocapsules that contain flavour or colour
enhancers are embedded in the food; inert
(dormant) until a hungry consumer triggers them.
NOTE- The method hasn't been published, so it will
be interesting to see how this particular trick is
accomplished.
Food Science: Nanotechnology
Company Directory
COMPANY
Nancor
PRODUCT
Bottles, cartons and films containing clay
nanocomposite that act as a barrier to the
passage of gasses or odors
Plastic film containing silicate nanoparticles
Bayer Polymers
that provides a barrier to gasses or moisture
AquaNova
Nano Science
Diagnostics
Nanoparticles for delivery of vitamins or other
nutrients in food and beverages without
affecting the taste or appearance.
Rapid testing for contaminates in food
Issues and concerns
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Concerned about the safety of the consumer .
They might speed up reactions in living things in
unpredictable ways, perhaps causing illness or death
Since the properties of a given nanoparticle are not
easily predicted by studying the substance from which
it is made, there are worries that nanoparticles may
have undiscovered side-effects
Nano technology and the EU
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1.
2.
The European Commission aims at reinforcing
nanotechnology
At the same time making sure research and
development of the technique occurs
Investigating the potential impact of nanotechnology
on
Human health
The environment via
Toxicological studies (The study of the nature, effects and
detection of poisons and the treatment of poisoning)
 ecotoxicological studies (the study of the effects of toxic
chemicals on biological organisms) .

GM foods
What is a Genetically Modified (GM)
Food?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Foods that contain an added gene
sequence
Foods that have a deleted gene sequence
Animal products from animals fed GM
feed
Products produced by GM organisms
Who makes sure GM foods are safe?
GOVERNMENT AGENCIES REGULATE GM FOODS
1.
2.
3.
Department of the Environment, Food & Rural
Affairs
Food Standards Agency
The Health & Safety Executive
NOTE
• No genetically modified fruit or vegetables are on
the market in the EU;
• None of the GM plants currently authorised in the
EU are intended for direct consumption.
The European Union grants approvals for
GM foods to be sold in Europe and the UK.
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This is done under the Novel Foods Regulation, which
came into force in 1997
In the EU, if a food contains or consists of genetically
modified organisms (GMOs), or contains ingredients
produced from GMOs, this must be indicated on the
label.
For GM products sold 'loose', information must be
displayed immediately next to the food to indicate that
it is GM.
Products such as meat, milk and eggs from animals fed
on GM animal feed also don't need labelling.
Common GM Foods
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Vegetables
Tomatoes
Potatoes
Rice
Cheese - cheese produced with GM enzymes
Meat
Products such as flour, oils and glucose syrups
have to be labelled as GM if they are from a GM
source.
GM food: A crop, such as a
fruit or vegetable, or an
animal can be genetically
modified. (However, no
animal or human genes, or
GM animals, have been
approved for use in GM
food in the EU.)
Scientists have
genetically modified
sweet corn so that
it produces a poison
which kills harmful
insects. This means
the farmer no
longer needs to
fight insects
with insecticides.
(sold in US)
GM ingredients: Food that
comes from a GM crop,
such as maize, can be
processed, for example
into flour, and the GM DNA
is still present in the food
and can be identified.
Golden rice is genetically
modified rice that now
contains a large amount of
A-vitamins. Or more
correctly, the rice contains
the element betacarotene which is
converted in the body
into Vitamin-A. So when
you eat golden rice, you
get more vitamin A. (sold
in US)
The genetically
modified Tomato
produces less of the
substance that causes
tomatoes to rot, so
remains firm and
fresh for a long time.
GM papayas are not
approved for sale in EU,
but are in the United
States. Papayas are
genetically modified to
fight a particular virus that
can infect and kill crops
quickly.
A genetically-engineered
version of the milk-clotting
enzyme chymosin is also
used in cheese-making.
Possible Benefits of GM Foods
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Easing of world hunger
 Development of crops that can be
grown in marginal soil
Reduced strain on nonrenewable
resources
 Development of drought resistant
crops
 Development of salt-tolerant
crops
 Development of crops that make
more efficient use of nitrogen
and other nutrients
Possible Benefits of GM Foods
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REDUCED USE OF PESTICIDES AND HERBICIDES
► Development of pest resistant crops
► Reduced herbicide use is better for the
environment and reduces costs for farmers
Possible Benefits of GM Foods
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IMPROVED CROP QUALITY
 Development of frost resistant
crops
 Development of disease resistant
crops
 Development of flood resistant
crops
IMPROVED NUTRITIONAL QUALITY
 Development of foods designed to
meet specific nutritional goals
Possible Risks of GM Foods
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Insects might develop
resistance to pesticideproducing GM crops
Herbicide-tolerant crops may
cross-pollinate weeds,
resulting in "superweeds"
Possible Risks for GM Foods
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Certain gene products may be allergens, thus causing
harm to human health
There may be unintended harm to wildlife and
beneficial insects
Review
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RECALL 5 facts about Nanotechnology and 5 facts
about GM foods.