Transcript Slide 1

Inclusions and
Exclusions
Family Settlement in a Changing
Immigration Environment
Amrit Versha C
Objectives
Create an awareness and understanding of the
important elements of Australia’s migration
program.
► Raise awareness of the eligibilities and
ineligibilities of income and access associated
with some of the Visa subclasses
► Create an understanding of how access
restrictions impact on the integration of children
into the mainstream society
►
Amrit Versha C
The Migration Program has two main branches, Migrants and Refugee’s. These can be
further broken down into Temporary and Permanent.
Migrants
Temporary
Program
Permanent
Program
Economic
 Business Visa’s with
significant capital
Skilled
 Short Stay Business
 Skilled Independent
 Professional Development
 Skilled Independent
Regional
 Temporary Business
Partner
 Spouse
 Fiancé
 Inter-dependence
 Australian Sponsored Link
After 2
yrs
 Student
Temporary
 Designated Area
Sponsored
 Social and Cultural Stream
 Temporary Protection
Visa
 Asylum Seekers
 Bridging Visas
 Refugee (200)
In Country Special
Humanitarian (201)
 Emergency Rescue (203)
 Skill Matching Database
Parent
 Women At Risk (204)
 Aged Parents
 Special Humanitarian
Program (202)
 Contributory Parents
Unaccompanied Minors
Child
(covered by Guardianship Of
 Own Child
children Act)
 Adopted Child
 Orphan Relative
Other
 Bridging Visas
Permanent
Economic
 Tourist and Holiday
Makers
Skilled
Refugee
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Compiled from www.immi.gov.au Fact sheets 20, 29, 33,36,
39,40,60,69
Total Migration from 3 key categories
Migration Entrants 05-06
140 000 Total Migrants
Accepted for 2005-06
500, 0%
42,000, 30%
Family Stream
Skilled
Special
Eligibility
97,500, 70%
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DIMIA (2006) Population Flows: Immigration Aspects 2003 - 2004 Edition, p.30-31 and DIMIA (2006), Factsheet 20: Migration program planning levels
Source Countries for Australian
Migration
2.50%
2.40%
United Kingdom
3.40%
14.80%
New Zealand
3.70%
China (excludes SARs and
Taiwan Province )
India
4.60%
Sudan
South Africa
Philippines
7.60%
14.10%
Singapore
Malaysia
9.00%
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Migration Program Statistics www.immi.gov.au, 2007
Key Comparisons
Refugees
1.
2.
3.
Total accepted 13 000 refugees per year
In 2005-06 planning year 14,144 visas were issued
Source countries consist of:
1. Sudan
2. Iraq
3. Afghanistan
In 2003/2004 there were only 82
boat arrivals
4. Burma
5. Liberia
6. Burundi
7. Sierra Leone
8. Congo
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Refugee Visas 2004/05
Total
Refugee
Women at risk
SHP
On shore humanitarian
On shore refugees
(source Refugee council of Australia www.rcoa.org.au/stats)
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13008
5,511
841
6,585
17
895
Off-shore refugee program
►
(a) Refugee category. Refugees are people outside their country of
nationality, who are subject to persecution in their home country and
have been identified in conjunction with the United Nations High
Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) as in need of resettlement
►
(b) Special Humanitarian Program (SHP) category.
SHP entrants are people outside their home country who have suffered
substantial discrimination amounting to gross violation of their human
rights and who have been proposed by an Australian citizen, resident
or community group in Australia
►
(c) Special Assistance category (SAC). This visa category was
discontinued after the 2001-02 program year. This category was for
people who, while not meeting the refugee or special humanitarian
criteria, were nonetheless in situations of discrimination, displacement
or hardship.
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On shore refugee program
► Humanitarian
category: This includes people
granted permanent resident status on
humanitarian grounds or granted Temporary
Humanitarian Concern (subclass 786) visas
► Onshore
Refugee category is further divided into
Temporary Protection Visa (TPV) subclass 785
Permanent Protection Visa (PPV) subclass 866
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Settlement assistance
► Refugees
& proposers are assisted through
the IHSS program which includes
Case Coordination, Information and Referrals
On Arrival Reception and Assistance
Accommodation Services
Short Term Torture and Trauma Counseling Services
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Where is the child?
Limited eligibilities
No eligibilities
Child
Eligibilities
Child
Child
Child
Child
Child
Child
Child
The general trend of migration &
assistance through disintegrated systems
implies that their integration will be limited
as it is not well controlled
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Some interesting Studies that look at Refugee children

A new Country and no place to call
home: Hanover Welfare services 2004

Seeking Asylum alone: A study of
Australian Law Policy and Practice
regarding unaccompanied and separated
children: MCrock
Faculty of Law Sydney University 2006

Asylum seekers and refugees in
Australia: Issues of Mental Health and
Well being: S.Raman and S.Goldfeld
2003
Scarred for life, but still alive. Children in conflict areas are
often subject to physical harm. (Source: Burma Issues,
2003)
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Convention on the rights of the child
& the Story of a Tamil family
Article 2
1.
States Parties shall respect and ensure the rights set forth in the present Convention to each
child within their jurisdiction without discrimination of any kind, irrespective of the child's
or his or her parent's or legal guardian's race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other
opinion, national, ethnic or social origin, property, disability, birth or other status.
2. States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to ensure that the child is protected against
all forms of discrimination or punishment on the basis of the status, activities, expressed
opinions, or beliefs of the child's parents, legal guardians, or family members.
Article 3
1. In all actions concerning children, whether undertaken by public or private social welfare
institutions, courts of law, administrative authorities or legislative bodies, the best interests
of the child shall be a primary consideration.
2. States Parties undertake to ensure the child such protection and care as is necessary for his or
her well-being, taking into account the rights and duties of his or her parents, legal guardians,
or other individuals legally responsible for him or her, and, to this end, shall take all appropriate
legislative and administrative measures.
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Human services workers: Bridge the gap between those who make decisions and
those who have to suffer the effects of those decisions

Listen to people don’t make assumptions and exclude
them.

If a person does not speak English or is not eligible for a
service then work a bit harder to include them.

A few minutes of your extra work may change someone’s
life.

Sometimes access also means goodwill, open-mindedness
and a way around funding guidelines.
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Source of information
►
►
►
www.immi.gov.au
www.rcoa.org.au
DIMIA (2004) Australia's Support for Humanitarian
Entrants, p.2 1. DIMIA (2005)
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Australian Institute of Family studies
►
Australian Treaty Series 1991 No 4: DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN
AFFAIRS AND TRADE CANBERRA
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