Transcript Lecture 12. Refugees - Midlands State University

Lecture 12. Refugees
• Article 1 OAU Convention Governing the specific
aspects of refugees problem of 1969
• (UN Convention Relating to the status of refugees
of 1951
• A refugee is a person who is outside the country of
his or her nationality(or place of last habitual,
residence, in the case of a stateless person) due to
a well founded fear of persecution in account of
race, religion, nationality, membership of
particular social group or political opinion.
Lecture 12.1
• In 1996 there were 23 million refugees and
asylum seekers, 26 million internally
displaced people
• Refugee movements and population
displacement in Africa have longer history
than is usually imagined and dates back to
pre-colonial period.
Lecture 12.2
• Hence, the cases are rather diverse.
• Refugee is an indication of a failed state as
the role of the state is to provide people and
and security for its citizens within the actual
boundaries as well as to ensure their
protection against threats from outside.
Lecture 12.3
• Cause of Refugee Movements
• The exploitation of Refugees as foreign policy
tool of the sending state
• Protecting economic and political influence in
cluding tereritorial control or extension of
sovereignty.
• Effect changes in policies and politics of other
states (e.g. colonialism) present Rwanda, Burun
di, Morocco and Western Sahara.
Lecture 12.4
• Refugee movements as foreign p[olicy of
receiving state
• Political, ethnic and ideological sympathies and
considerations of national and international
security rather than humanitarian concerns.
• Bolstering their domestic power base, national self
cionfidence or dominant ethnic community.
Lecture 12.5
• Environmental factors – Drought, economic
deprivation, outright economic oppression and
exploitation
• Way Forward
• Address the arrest of refugees – relocation,
integration
• Find the roots#Conflict situation, Environmental
disasters, Individual, states Democratisation,
Multilateral institutions,Strengthening and
decentralising UNHCR