Transcript Chapter 15 Critical Thinking in Nursing Practice

Mosby items and derived items © 2009, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Clinical Decision in Nursing Practice
 Clinical decision-making skills separate
professional nurses from technical and ancillary
staff.
 Clients have problems for which no textbook
answers exist.
 Nurses need to seek knowledge, act quickly, and
make sound clinical decisions.
Mosby items and derived items © 2009, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Critical Thinking Defined
 Chaffee (2002)
 An active, organized, cognitive process used to
carefully examine one’s thinking and the thinking
of others
 Settersten and Lauer (2004)
 Recognizing an issue exists, analyzing
information, evaluating information, and making
conclusions
Mosby items and derived items © 2009, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Thinking and Learning
 Learning is a lifelong process.
 Intellectual and emotional growth involves
learning new knowledge, as well as refining the
ability to think, solve problems, and make
judgments.
Mosby items and derived items © 2009, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Levels of Critical Thinking
 Kataoka-Yahiro and Saylor (1994) Critical
Thinking Model
 Basic critical thinking
 Complex critical thinking
 Commitment
Mosby items and derived items © 2009, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Critical Thinking Competencies
Scientific method
Problem solving
Decision making
Diagnostic reasoning and
inference
Clinical decision making
Nursing process as a
competency
Mosby items and derived items © 2009, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Critical Thinking Model
for Decision Making
 Models serve to explain concepts and help
nurses make decisions and judgments about
patients.
 Kataoka-Yahiro and Saylor (1994)
 Define the outcome of critical thinking as
nursing judgment that is relevant to nursing
problems in a variety of settings.
Mosby items and derived items © 2009, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Five Components of Critical Thinking
 Knowledge base
 Experience
 Nursing process competencies
 Attitudes
 Standards
Mosby items and derived items © 2009, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Critical Thinking Attitudes
 Independence of thought
 Fair-mindedness
 Insight
 Intellectual humility and suspension of judgment
 Courage
 Integrity
 Perseverance
 Confidence in reason
 Interest in exploration
 Curiosity
Mosby items and derived items © 2009, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Developing Critical Thinking Skills
 Reflective journaling
 A tool used to clarify concepts through reflection
by thinking back or recalling situations
 Concept mapping
 A visual representation of client problems and
interventions that illustrates an interrelationship
Mosby items and derived items © 2009, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Critical Thinking Synthesis
 A reasoning process used to reflect on and
analyze thoughts, actions, and knowledge
 Requires a desire to grow intellectually
 Requires the use of nursing process to make
nursing care decisions
Mosby items and derived items © 2009, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.