Transcript INDO-USAID FIRE (D) PROJECT FIRE(D) STEERING …

PROPOSED WATER PPPs OVERVIEW AND TRAINING
WORKSHOP: MADHYA PRADESH
Citywide Models for Delivering Water and Sanitation Services to
the Poor: USAID FIRE (D) Approach
Lee E. Baker, Chief of Party
Indo-USAID FIRE (D) Project
26-27 February 2009
Bhopal, M.P.
OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION
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Background
Objective of pro-poor WSS delivery models
Approach in States of Orissa and Madhya Pradesh
Can PPP arrangements work for the poor?
BACKGROUND ON FIRE (D)
Overview
Achievements:
 Demonstration of how cities access private finance to fund finance
urban infrastructure.
 Improved governance.
 Demonstration of delivery of WSS services to the poor.
 Support establishment of state-level nodal agencies in Madhya
Pradesh and West Bengal.
 Corporatization model for reform of statewide water utility (Orissa
PHEO).
 Contribution to design of GoI’s JNNURM.
BACKGROUND ON FIRE (D) cont’d.
Challenges:
 Failure to get to citywide scale for slum upgradation.
 Inability to ensure poor are served by citywide water and
sewerage schemes.
OBJECTIVE OF PRO-POOR WSS DELIVERY
MODELS
Test distinct and sustainable citywide models in the States of Orissa
and Madhya Pradesh that ensure the provision of affordable and
equitable access to water and sanitation for all citizens:
 Within context of support to GoO with corporatization of statewide
water utility, formulate a citywide slum upgradation strategy for all
the slums of Bhubaneswar.
 Support GoMP Urban Administration and Development
Department (UADD) and recently created M.P. Urban
Infrastructure Fund (MPUIF) implement citywide, project-based
approach to increased access to WSS services for all citizens.
BHUBANESWAR MODEL FOR CITYWIDE SLUM
UPGRADING - A COMMUNITY-BASED PLANNING
APPROACH
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Operationalization of the corporatized state-level water utility
(PHEO) will permit improved cost effective water and sanitation
services to Bhubaneswar City, including in slum areas.
FIRE (D), in association with Michael and Susan Dell Foundation
and local NGO, BISWA, is supporting implementation of a WSS
pilot in seven slums in Bhubaneswar.
Comprehensive citywide upgradation strategy for the urban poor,
including financing and implementation plans, with a focus on water
and sanitation, in Bhubaneswar’s low-income settlements.
Reform support to State Urban Development Department.
Location of Slums in
Ward No.1
To Nandankanan
BHUBANESWAR
MODEL:
THE COMMUNITYBASED PLANNING
APPROACH
Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation
LEGEND
Shikha rC ha nd i
C luste r 2
S h ik h a r C h a n d i
T e m p le
å
S ilic o n In s t it u te
o f T e c h n o lo g y
J
B h u ba n es w ar
E y e In s t it u te
J
%
KIIT
Square
#
S
K a lin g a I n s t itu te
o f I n d u s tr ia l
T e c h n o lo g y
T ris h n a
%G a r de n
%
T ris h n a
E n c la v e
J
Ñ
(C hunuk uli)
Are a N a m e :
(PATIA)
Lo c a t io n N a m e :
(T r is h n a G a r d e n )
J
Ñ
Sc h o o l / C o lle g e
Ê
Ú
å
W
P o lic e S ta tio n
%
J
R
J
P la c e o f w o rs h ip
Ap a rt m e nt
Im p o rta n t L o c a t io n
Ra ilw a y
D - 1
D ra ins
Patia Ma ng ala sahi
Riv e r / W a te rb o d y
%
J
T r id e n t
A c a d em y
A
S a i C o m p le x
C e n t r a l In s tit u t e o f
P la s t ic e E n g in e e r in g
& T e c h n o lo g y
H o s p it a l
W a rd B o u n d a ry
Ro a d
W
Jag annatha A mb ato ta
In fo c ity
Slum s
Slum N a m e :
CHAN DR ASEKH ARPUR
C e n t r a l T r a in in g &
T o o l R o o m C e n tr e
Chunukuli
W
S u b h a d ra
A p a rt m e n t
Shikha rC ha nd i
C luste r 1
Shikha r Cha ndi
C luster 3
To P athargadia
To Howrah
Patia Ja lim und a Sa hi
Infocity
Square
#
S
Ñ
%
K a n a n V ih a r
P h as e 1
C o lle g e o f
E n g in e e r in g B h u b a n e s w a r
Index to Wards in BMC Area
B a id y a n a th a M is h ra
M e m o r ia l H o s p ita l
Patia Talaupp er B ho isa hi
W-1
Ú
Ê
PATIA
C ha n dr a s e k h ar p ur
P .S.
S a ila s h r e e
V ih a r
%
DAMNA
GARAKAN A
Nila pad ia B asti
#
S
Dam ana
Square
Ward No. 2
Gad ak ana Ba sti
Ward No. 4
To K hur da
To J aydevvihar
Scale :
300
0
300
600 M.
 Understanding the scale and nature of problem:
 Numbers, spatial dispersion, topography
• 30% slum dwellers in 377 slums, high and low density
wards
 Diversity across and within slums
• Incomes/tenure/availability and access to trunk
infrastructure-basic services
 One size solution does not fit all
 Mainstreaming and client making.
 Investment decisions informed by spatial analysis-combining slum
SLUM PROFILE: SIKHARCHANDI CLUSTER 1,
WARD 1
PILOT TO INFORM
CITYWIDE SLUM
UPGRADING
STRATEGY
 Pilot in settlements (phased approach).
 Creating menu of options (design and financing to serve the
poorest):
 Tailoring solutions to affordability (connection, user costs and
credit repayment), complementing with livelihood
interventions/changing saving patterns.
 Bundling services (water supply and sanitation with livelihood) for
comprehensive solutions.
 Inclusive planning and implementation.
PPP IN THE PILOT
 Poor communities:
 Planning, contribution through finance and labor.
 Public sector:
 State (policy on waiving connection fees)
 BMC (implementing agency)
 PHEO (linkages with city infrastructure).
 Private sector:
 Private micro-finance institution (BISWA)
 Contracting for civil works
 Market for SMEs/livelihoods.
 Financial/technical support:
 Dell Foundation, USAID FIRE (D).
DESIGNING THE CITYWIDE SLUM UPGRADING
STRATEGY: LEARNING FROM THE PILOT
 Networking with trunk infrastructure:
 Equitable – changing from community/common services to
household solutions
 Client making (connections/user charges/cost recovery)
 Transferring O&M costs to households
 Acknowledging non-notified settlements for services without
provision of legal land tenure.
 Quick win, emergency planning:
 Open defecation free city.
 Appropriate institutional frameworks:
 Urban Poverty Cell
 Enabling environment (inclusion, simplification of
procedures, decentralization, grievance redressal systems).
 Convergence and alignment with policies, sectors and schemes:
 Filling gaps, complementing resources, concerted impact.
OVERVIEW OF M.P. WSS PROJECT APPROACH
Focus on non-JNNURM class I cities with approved UIDSSMT &
IHSDP projects.
Methodology &Approach:
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Visit class I cities, including Khandwa, Ratlam, Ujjain, and
Dewas and assess UIDSSMT and IHSDP water and sewerage
projects, including coverage of slums.
Review DPRs of short-listed projects to assess technical and cost
parameters; review to what extent the poor are served by DPR.
Assist the ULB in preparing the project’s financial model and
explore funding options.
OVERVIEW OF M.P. WSS PROJECT APPROACH
cont’d.
 Work with ULB to evaluate possible funding sources and
required credit enhancement structures.
 Work with ULB to mobilize identified source of funding.
 Assist the ULB in preparing tendering and other required
documents and in establishing project management system.
 Support project implementation.
M.P. WSS PROJECT APPROACH cont’d.
Agreed with GoMP UADD and city officials to support Dewas
Municipal Corporation with following:
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Carry out preliminary techno-financial review of Dewas
UIDSSMT Water Project.
Complement MPUSP program, which has recently been expanded
to all State’s class I cities, including Dewas.
Provision of strategic support to DMC, in collaboration with the
MPUSP support unit, with its ongoing reform agenda.
TECHNICAL SUPPORT TO DEWAS MUNICIPAL
CORPORATION
 Review existing and proposed water distribution network to ensure
coverage of urban poor including:
 Develop strategy and master plan for extension of water
supply distribution in selected slums within the city’s core
area.
 Carry out topographic survey and mapping of core area slums.
 Prepare layout of water supply network within the core area
slums.
 Provide cost estimates.
 Work with DMC, as necessary, to mobilize funds for
execution.
 Support implementation.
CAN PPP ARRANGEMENTS WORK FOR THE
POOR?
 Is slum upgrading minus housing attractive to private
sector?
 Is financing gap too big for private sector to bridge?
 Increasing people’s contribution towards
infrastructure projects.
 Integrating poor within urban infrastructure development
projects at minimal costs:
 networking to prevent leakages and improve cost
recovery.
 Setting and monitoring performance standards for
servicing poor within private sector contracts.