Transcript Group and Team Dynamics - Springboro Community Schools

Group and Team Dynamics
Chapter Overview
1. Group and Team Dynamics
2. Building Mutual Respect
3. Establishing a Common Vision
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Lesson Overview
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How can you work as a team?
What are characteristics of effective
teams?
What are the four stages of team
development?
How can you run an effective meeting?
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Quick Write
Think of a time when you’ve been a member
of a team or group.
What were the group’s goals? Write down
the steps the team or group went through to
accomplish its goals.
Were there any conflicts among group
members? What obstacles did the group
need to overcome to be effective?
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Working as a Team
• You might know of a sports team that has
no stars, but that team wins game after
game. Why?
• One reason is that the players and coaches
work together harmoniously
• They put the team first
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Graphic courtesy of Clipart.com
Working as a Team
• What exactly is a team?
• It’s a collection of individuals who are
identified by others and by themselves as
a group and who work together to
accomplish a common goal
• Each member’s conduct affects the
actions of all the other team members
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Team Dynamics
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Team dynamics, or interactions, are
complex because each member must direct
his or her unique talents toward achieving a
shared goal
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A team’s leader or coach has a major
influence on team dynamics
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One of the team leader’s most important
tasks is preventing distractions from
interfering with the team’s work
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Effective Teams
Every successful team or group has five
common characteristics:
• Goals
• Rules
• Roles
• Communication
• Participation
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
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Goals
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A goal is a team’s target or objective
It gives team members a sense of
purpose or focus
When you know your target, you have a
much better chance of hitting it
The goal should be specific and
measurable
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Rules
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Teams frequently rely on structure and
rules
A rule is a guideline for membership,
conduct, or performance
In some cases, a group makes its own
rules
In other cases, the group must follow
external rules that govern it and other
competing teams
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Roles
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One of the advantages of teamwork is
specialization—team members have different
roles
A role is the specific job or task assigned to a
team member
Roles can shift; they need not be permanent
But at any given time, each team member
must know what his or her role is
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Communication
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Good communication is critical to
effective team performance
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Communication should be objective,
honest, and focused on the team goal,
rather than on personal matters
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Communication
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Team leaders have particularly
important roles in communication
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Good leaders know the value of positive
feedback
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But a good leader also knows how to
offer constructive criticism in a way that
encourages performance improvement
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Participation
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Team members typically focus on
performance and collective improvement
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To do this, members need to be interactive
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Participation is balanced
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Each member’s actions complement, or round
out, those of the other members
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Members build on each other’s strengths and
make up for any weaknesses
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Effective Teams
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Work together to reach team goals
Execute tasks thoroughly
Meet or exceed the standard
Thrive on challenges
Learn from experiences
Take pride in individual and shared
accomplishments
Strive for continued improvement
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Stages of Team Development
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It takes work to mold a good team—it
doesn’t just happen naturally
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Conflict and resistance are natural during
the early phases of a team’s development
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Strong leadership at each stage can help
minimize conflict and reduce resistance
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Trust and commitment are also important
to a team’s development
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Stages of Team Development
• Four stages, according to Tuckman’s
model:
orming
torming
orming
erforming
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Graphics courtesy of Clipart.com
Forming Stage
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The period when team members meet
and begin to create relationships among
themselves and with their leader
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At this stage, team members defer
decisions to their leader
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Photo courtesy of Clipart.com
Forming Stage
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Members have limited commitment to
the team
Members are concerned about what’s
going to happen in the future
They have not yet developed a high
degree of trust
They focus on the task at hand rather
than on long-term goals or results
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Storming Stage
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A period during which personalities
begin to clash as members try to
overcome their natural tendency to focus
on their own needs
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During this phase, communication may
be unproductive, or even damaging
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Storming Stage
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Some members may be
unwilling to accept
group rules or norms
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Some may confront each
other or the leader
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They are still unwilling
to fully trust one another
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Photo courtesy of Clipart.com
Norming Stage
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The team begins to work together as a
whole
As a result of their leader’s patience,
guidance, and role modeling, team members
begin to see the advantages of teamwork
Trust grows as members share more and
more experiences, training, and activities
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Norming Stage
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Team members give each other feedback
and share thoughts and ideas
Team standards develop, and the team
develops a shared work ethic
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Team members begin to support one
another, and individual differences become
less divisive
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A team spirit begins to emerge
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Performing Stage
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The stage at which the team works at its
best
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You’ve heard the expression, “The whole is
greater than the sum of the parts”
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That’s a perfect description of an effective
team
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Performing Stage
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The team’s vision, roles, and processes
are clear
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Communication is open
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Photo courtesy of Clipart.com
Performing Stage
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Members feel free to share their own views
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They have a high degree of trust in their
leader and each other
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The focus is on continuing to improve
performance rather than simply on
completing a task
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Performing Stage
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Team members are thinking about
long-term goals
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They make up for gaps in each other’s
skills and knowledge, and they help
each other learn
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Running an Effective Meeting
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Good meetings are an important teambuilding tool
Poorly run meetings waste everyone’s
time
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Photo courtesy of Clipart.com
Running an Effective Meeting
• A few key points to consider:
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Decide if a meeting is appropriate
Define your purpose
Decide whom to invite
Decide when and where the meeting should occur
Plan how you’ll record information
Send out an agenda
Start on time and follow the agenda
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Running an Effective Meeting
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Remember, meetings can be canceled
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Before you take your team members away from
their other activities, ask yourself if the team
really needs to meet
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You might get feedback that indicates an e-mail
will do the job just as well
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If you find that the key decision makers can’t be
there, reschedule the meeting
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Review
• A team is a collection of individuals who are
identified as a group and who work together to
accomplish a common goal
• Each member’s conduct affects the actions of
all the other team members
• Every successful team or group has five
common characteristics: goals, rules, roles,
communication, and participation
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Review
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A goal is a team’s target or objective; it gives
team members a sense of purpose or focus
A rule is a guideline for membership, conduct, or
performance
A role is the specific job or task assigned to a
team member
Good communication is critical to effective team
performance
With participation, team members typically focus
on performance and collective improvement
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Review
• There are four stages of team development:
– Forming: team members begin to create
relationships among themselves and their leader
– Storming: personalities begin to clash as members
try to overcome tendency to focus on own needs
– Norming: team begins to work together as whole
– Performing: team works at its best
• Good meetings are an important team-building tool;
poorly run meetings waste everyone’s time
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Summary
• How can you work as a team?
• What are characteristics of effective
teams?
• What are the four stages of team
development?
• How can you run an effective meeting?
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Next
• Done—group and team dynamics
• Next—we’ll learn about building mutual
respect
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Graphic courtesy of Clipart.com