Transcript Examples and case studies

Examples and case studies
Tropical
rainforest (e.g.
Amazon)
Costa Rica
Mount St
Helens
Mount Nyiragongo
Holderness
San Francisco
Three Gorges
Dam, China
Bangladesh
Haiti
Play pumps,
South Africa
UK
River Danube
Australia
Sahel
Little Ice Age
Tasks
1. Sort the exam answers into the following
categories and write on each:
Restless Earth
Climate and Change
Battle for the Biosphere
Water world
Coastal change and conflict
Extreme environments
2. Read these questions. Write the correct question
above each answer in the blanked out box.
RESTLESS EARTH
• For either an earthquake or volcanic eruption you
have studied, describe the immediate responses in
managing its impact.
• Explain why some earthquakes are more hazardous
than others
• For a named earthquake or volcanic eruption
describe its economic impact. x2
BATTLE FOR THE BIOSPHERE
• Describe one challenge the UK is likely to face as a result of
climate change
• Describe one management measure used to conserve the
biosphere
• Describe the value of a named biosphere in providing
goods and services
• Describe the management methods that can be used to
conserve the biosphere
• For a named biome, describe one way it has been damaged
by human activity
WATER WORLD
• Describe one problem cause by a named large-scale
water management project
• For a named vulnerable area, describe one problem
caused by an unreliable or insufficient water supply
• Why are small scale such as this one usually considered
to be sustainable?
• Using examples, describe how human interference can
disrupt water supply.
• For a named large-scale management project, describe
one cost and one benefit
CLIMATE AND CHANGE
• Describe how colder periods such as the Little Ice Age
affected farming
• For a named developing country, explain why climate
change is likely to have large impact on its people.
• Describe one possible economic impact of future climate in
the UK
• Describe how orbital changes and varying solar output can
lead to climate change
• Using examples of past climate change, describe its impacts
on people and the environment
EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS
• Explain the importance of global actions in
protecting extreme environments from the threat
of climate change
• Describe how the culture and values (ways of life)
of people living in extreme climates can be
considered unique.
• For either a named hot arid or named polar
region, explain the local actions which have been
taken to help achieve sustainability
COASTAL CHANGE AND CONFLICT
• For a named location, explain the costs and
benefits of using hard engineering techniques
to protect a coastline from erosion.
• For a named area of coast, explain how
coastal retreat is being managed
• Describe the differences between the features
of hard and soft rock coastline
Restless Earth
A full mark response. Candidate identifies several immediate
response (medical teams, aid, shelter and rescue work). The
importance of emergency teams clearly described - ‘can get
in fast and treat the injured’.
Battle for Biosphere
This is a clear and accurate response.
This is a vague statement. No specific management measure is
named.
A good answer. Response includes services and
goods. Most of the statements are extended.
Climate and change
The candidate scored no marks as the response
appears to refer to recent rather than past climate
change.
Past climate change refers to pre-20th
century changes, such as the ‘Little Ice
Age’ or ‘Medieval Warm Period’.
The candidate describes the impact of the ‘Little Ice Age’ on a range of
factors, including farming and personal health. The structure is a little
confused, resulting in the candidate wasting time by making more
points than necessary.
A clear and focused response. A growth
in tourism was identified and the
candidate linked this increase in
customers to better British weather and
greater spending power.
An clear and accurate response. Candidate describes how a
lack of crop growth affected pastoral farming.
A well developed answer. Includes a number of
explained impacts and shows good location
specific knowledge.
Water World
A clear and detailed response referring to two
appropriate locations. The candidate
demonstrated a solid understanding of
the content being tested.
This is a typical correct
response.
This is an accurate and clear response.
The candidate highlighted crop failure due to a
lack of water and extended the answer by
describing how this would impact on local
people, eg shortages and local incomes.
Option 1: Extreme environments
This is a strong Level 2 (4/6) answer, which outlines the need for global action
and explains the system of carbon transfers between countries/organisations.
A super answer. Good case study knowledge
and detailed description.
A well structured response focusing on sustainable
actions. Good use of location specific knowledge.
Option 2: Coastal change and
conflict
This is a good response. The candidate identifies features associated with both
hard and soft rock coastlines and includes appropriate geographical terms. A
couple of confused comments prevent full marks
A good answer - achieving level 3. Costs and benefits have been
included for an appropriate case study region. Some explanation
and terminology included.
Common technique errors:
● Too many candidates are still just listing for questions that require
extension.
● Key vocabulary is too often ‘overlooked’ or misunderstood, eg
challenge/past/large-scale.
● A sizeable number of candidates are still explaining on describe
questions.
● Poor use of vocabulary is often holding down responses.
● Candidates often fail to include adequate location-specific information
when
responding to questions that ask for examples or a case study focus.
● SPaG marks are carelessly lost through sloppy grammar and incorrect
spellings of key geographical terms.
.
Common content errors:
● Few candidates were able to identify a
constructive plate boundary.
● Many candidates seemed to believe earthquakes
can be predicted long in advance using
seismographs or the Richter Scale.
● A relatively large number of candidates were
unable to describe how national parks conserve the
biosphere.
● Candidates frequently mixed up hard and soft
rock coastal features.