Transcript Shelly Cashman Series Discovering Computers A Link to the
Chapter 1 - Introduction
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Remember
September 11, 2001
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God may give you mercy, but we will not!
Senator John McCain
COMPUTER LITERACY
Knowing how to
_____ a computer
Knowledge and understanding of computers and how they are used in
_____
What Is a Computer?
A computer is an
_____
device, operating under the control of
_____ _____
in its own memory Accepts
data
(Input) Manipulates Data
(Processing)
Produces
information
(Output)
Information Processing Cycle
Information Processing Cycle
D _____
(Facts) are changed into I
_____
(Useful Form)
Input _____ Output Storage Communications
What is _____ computing?
Involves reducing the
_____
consumed and environmental
_____
generated when using a computer Strategies include: Recycling Regulating manufacturing processes Extending the life of computers Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced computers
THE COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER Input Process Output Storage
Input
Devices
_____
Devices
System Unit
contains
Processing
Devices
_____
(RAM)
Storage
Devices
Communications
Devices
Output Input Input Input Input Input Input Output Communications Output Storage Process
What is the _____ unit ?
system unit
Case that contains electronic components of the computer used to _____ data
system unit system unit system unit
What are common components inside the system unit?
Circuitry power supply
_____ _____ Adapter ____
Sound card Modem card Video card Network card ports drive bays processor memory sound card video card modem card network card
What is the _____
?
adapter cards
Main circuit board in system unit Contains adapter cards , processor chips , and memory chips
Expansion slots for adapter cards motherboard processor chip memory chips memory slots
What is storage?
Storage holds
_____
,
_____ , information
for future use and Storage
_____
Physical material on which data is stored Hard disks, CD &DVDs, flash media more Floppy disks (no more, obsolete!) Storage
_____
The mechanism that retrieves & records (reads/writes) data to and from the storage media
Types of storage media
_____ disks, _____ media , CDs & DVDs, floppy disks, others?
What are communication devices?
Hardware that enables a computer to
send & receive data
_____ Check Webopedia for a definition
_____ card
Transmission media
Cables, telephone lines, radio networks, satellites and other?
Why use a computer? Why is a computer so powerful?
Close to the speed of light
_____ Reliability Accuracy _____ Communications Low failure rate Process error free GIGO !
Garbage In Garbage Out Total & instant recall Share resources: devices & data
What is Computer Software ?
Computer
programs
A
series of _____
that tells the computer
_____
how to perform
tasks
Two general categories of software
_____ Software
• Operating system • Utility program
_____ Software
Systems Software
Coordinates hardware and runs application software
_____
system
User
interface
_____ user interface
Microsoft
Windows
(GUI – icons & menus) 98, ME & 2000, XP, Windows 7
Utility
programs Help
manage
the computer, its devices & programs Examples include: Uninstall, format disks, add printers, etc.
Application Software
Performs specific _____
Word Processing Spreadsheet Database Presentation Graphics Many other tasks
How do we obtain software?
The operating system is usually bundled with the computer when purchased Some applications may be bundled with the computer •_____ software •Custom software •_____ •Freeware and public-domain software
COMPUTER SOFTWARE
Software Development Computer
programmers
Programming languages Visual Basic C++
_____ _____
analyst
Works with users & programmers to design programs
What are the elements of an Information System?
When System Analysts work with an information system they must consider all of the elements
_____ Software _____ People _____
What is a Network?
A collection of computers & devices Sharing connected
_____
Hardware (often wireless) Software Data
_____ Area Network
– LAN Office & close buildings like a campus
_____ Area Network
– WAN Large geographic area like to U Mary Fargo
What is a server?
A server
_____ the resources on a network
_____
access the resources on the server
What is the Internet?
A
worldwide
collection of
_____
What is the Web?
The World Wide Web is a
_____
on or a part of the Internet Connects
Web _____
containing
Web _____
through a means of
hyperlinks
What is the Internet/Web used for?
Internet uses:
_____
Accessing
_____
Shopping Meeting people – social networking (Facebook) Entertainment Remember that the World Wide Web is
one part/a service
on the Internet Web
_____
help navigate the WWW Microsoft Internet Explorer Netscape Navigator
What is _____ networking?
A
Web site
that encourages members to registered users
share
their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other
What are the _____ Categories of Computers?
The
1 _____ Computer
category includes
Desktop
computers Two popular architectures are:
1. PCs & 2. MACs (Apple)
PERSONAL COMPUTERS
Can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by
itself
If the PC is not connected to another (host) computer It is said to be a “
_____ _____ computer
”
What is a _____ ?
A very powerful PC (desktop) used for intense calculations & graphic intensive applications (graphic art , desktop publishing, multimedia, etc.) Tower Model
CATEGORIES OF COMPUTERS 2
1. Personal computers
_____
Computers Notebook or laptop • Tablet PC • • • • • Mobile
_____
Smart
Phones Digital cameras E-book readers Media players
What is a
_____
PC?
Useful for taking
handwritten notes
.
Allows you to write on the screen using a digital pen
3 -
_____
Consoles?
A mobile computer using handheld controllers as input devices.
Surgeons hone skills using the Wii system.
CATEGORIES OF COMPUTERS
1. Personal computers 2. Mobile computers 3. Game Consoles
4
_____
Control the access to hardware, software, & data Provide a centralized storage area
5
CATEGORIES OF COMPUTERS
1. Personal computers 2. Mobile computers 3. Game Consoles 4. Servers
_____ computers
Mainframe Computers are
Than
Servers
Very powerful & expensive Can handle hundreds or
thousands
of connected
_____
simultaneously
6
_____
Fastest
, most _____ computers Able to process more than
quadrillion
and growing!
one
instructions per second 1 quadrillion = 1,000 trillion
How fast are these supercomputers?
Let’s try to understand the terminology used in the video (next slide).
_____ = a floating point operation (I think it is a mathematical calculation of fractions.) I am going to think about one mathematical calculation.
Kilo = 1,000 mathematical calculation per second Mega = 1,000,000 (a million) Giga = 1,000,000,000 (a billion; current PCs) Tera = 1,000,000,000,000 (a trillion) _____ = 1,000,000,000,000,000 (one _____ ) Currently (July, 2011) a Japanese supercomputer running at
8 petaflops
is the world’s fastest computer
Click to view video
7
-
_____
computers?
A special-purpose computer that functions as a
component
in a larger product
Consumer Electronics
• Mobile and digital telephones • Digital televisions • Cameras • Video recorders • DVD players and recorders • Answering machines
Home Automation Devices
• Thermostats • Sprinkling systems • Security monitoring systems • Appliances • Lights
Automobiles
• Antilock brakes • Engine control modules • Airbag controller • Cruise control
Process Controllers and Robotics
• Remote monitoring systems • Power monitors • Machine controllers • Medical devices
Computer Devices and Office Machines
• Keyboards • Printers • Faxes • Copiers
Examples of Computer Applications in Society
Education Finance Government Healthcare Science Publishing Travel Industry
p. 32-36 Figs. 1-36–1-43