Transcript No Slide Title

INTAS 01-0633
SILVICS
Report of St. Petersburg Team
O.G. Chertov, M.A. Nadporozhskaya E.V. Abakumov
Biological Research Institute
St. Petersburg State University
2005
Introduction
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A close cooperation with the Pushchino
and Fraunhofer teams
Development of a theoretical background
for the SOM model
Incorporation of a new experimental data
into the models
Formulation a new version of ROMUL
model
Test the models for different spatial
scales
The laboratory experiments
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Impact of biochemical parameters of plant
debris on the rate of their decomposition
Impact of the disposition of decomposing
matter (pure or in mixture with different
soil material) to specify difference of
above-ground and below-ground litter
decomposition and patterns of
decomposition in organic layers
Specification of nitrogen mineralisation in
dependence on SOM and soil properties
The field works include:
Experiments on decomposition
of forest litter fall of
different quality in the forest
A study of SOM accumulation
in a process of primary soil
formation
Theoretical analysis of the
decomposition process
Successional discrete concept
100
Litter
Humified litter
Humus
60
40
Ågren Bosatta concept
20
100
0
0
Residual mass, %
Residual mass
,%
80
t
80
Continuum of litter quality loss
and humification
60
Litter
40
1
Humus
t
Model of SOM and N dynamics
ROMUL
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The model is based on a classical concept of “humus type”
(Humusform)
Experimental base for the model compilation is published and
author’s data on organic debris decomposition in controlled
conditions
The rate of litter and SOM humification and mineralisation is
dependent on quality of litter, soil temperature and moisture,
and some soil physical and chemical parameters
There is a specification of rate variables for above and below
ground litter cohorts
The model calculates the dynamics of organic matter and
nitrogen during the decomposition with gross CO2 and
available N evaluation
The model was evaluated against the long-term experimental
data
The model is in use as a soil compartment in three forest
ecosystem models
Flow chart of ROMUL model
ki2L
i
k 1L
ki3L
Li - Undecomposed
litter on soil surface
i
L0 Aboveground
litter fall
F.i - complex of humus
substances with
undecomposed debris
(humified organic layer)
Soil surface
K j1S
Lju0 Belowground
litter fall
K j2S
Lju undecomposed
litter in mineral
topsoil
K j4S
F ju - complex of humus
substances with
undecomposed debris in
mineral topsoil (“labil humus”)
K j3S
K j4L
H - humus
bonded with
clay minerals
K j5S
K j5S
K6
Elaboration of a new ROMUL
version
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A large set of experimental data for SOM
decomposition allows for a revision of ROMUL
model
The kinetic coefficients of litter and SOM
mineralisation were re-calculated using
Bleasdale function and a special program (A.S.
Komarov and M.A. Nadporozhskaya)
This allowed to specify the mineralisation rate
in two sub horizons of forest floor (F and H)
and a peat
A structure and test program of a new version
of ROMUL model was compiled and preliminary
tested
Calculation of kinetic coefficients of
organic debris mineralisation and
humification
Stage of fast decomposition
reflects a mineralisation
of fresh organic debris
The function of
Bleasdale was used
for approximation
of experimental
curves:
y = (a + bt)
or
- 1/c
y = (a + bt)1/c
Stage of slow decomposition represents
a mineralisation of humified organic
debris - not the material with
increased concentration of lignin only
Flow chart of a new version of
ROMUL model
L0a
Green – previous version, red – new components
K1
L_above
L in A0 or poor decomposed peat
K3
F_above
CHS above
F in A0 or mean decomposed peat
0.3024*K2
New:
Sub-horizon H in forest floor (A0)
or well decomposed peat
K4*f(CN)
H_above
Mineral topsoil
K8
K4*(1-f(CN))
K2b
K1b
K2
K5a
K4b
L0b
L_below
Labile
humus1
K3b
F_below
CHS
below
Labile
humus2
H_below
K6
K5b
K8
The use of forest ecosystem model
EFIMOD for research and practical
implementation at forest stand, local
and regional levels
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Recently, the idea on the necessity to have a cascade of forest
ecosystem models with a different spatial resolution was
dominated in the terrestrial ecosystem modelling
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Now there are technical opportunities allowing for a use of
one basic model type at any spatial levels without the loss of
information obtained at the lower levels
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Some results of and prospects for the implementation of one
basic model type to cover different spatial scales in forest
ecosystem modelling were investigated
Methods and Material
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Standard EFIMOD simulations of a single
stand growth and soil changes were
performed for the model use at different
scales:
Individual tree growth
Stand level:
effects of environmental changes;
thinning regimes
Local (landscape) level:
silvicultural regimes in forest enterprise
(case studies)
Regional level:
soil carbon dynamics for a large forest
area
Individual tree growth
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18
Tree height, m
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12
10
8
6
4
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10
15
20
25
30
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40
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Time, years
Map of individual trees’
disposition on the
modelled plot
Trajectories of individual
tree growth on 25-m
transect in a modelled
Norway spruce stand
Hierarchy of spatial scales for the
application of a stand level model
Stand level:
Parameters of individual trees’ growth
Stand/soil parameters in detail
No Local/landscape
generalised parameters
level: for forest area
Optionally parameters of individual tree growth
Stand/soil parameters in details
Generalised parameters of any format for forest
area Regional level:
No parameters of individual tree growth
Optionally stand/soil parameters in full details
Generalised parameters of any format for
forest area
The results of EFIMOD runs at different
scales shows that
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The application of one basic stand-level forest
model for different spatial scales has positive
prospects for its further development
At local and regional levels, this approach was
used by Chumachenko et al. (2003: ForRus), Ho
et al. (1999: LANDIS), Garman (2004), Kurz &
Apps (1999: CBM-CFS2) and Nabuurs et al.
(2003: EFISCEN)
The approach can be an additional
methodological option that will be more
effective for the practical implementation of
the forest modelling for the realisation of the
concept of Sustainable Forest Management
Case study I and II:
Application of the EFIMOD-Pro for the
analysis of carbon balance at different
silvicultural regimes in forests of Central
European Russia
Collaboration with
Project’s Teams
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Close co-operation with Pushchino
and Fraunhofer teams
Participation in the Case Study
Participation in the interpretation
and presentation of the results of
geovisualisation and Exploratory
Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) for
Case Study
Links to other
projects
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EU INTAS Project 01 512 Podzol
St. Petersburg State University
Project ‘Changes of Soils and Soil
Cover under Anthropogenic Factors’
Russian Federal Science and
Technology Program “Global Climate
Changes and Carbon Cycle”, part 14
“Soil as a source of greenhouse
gases”
Publications for the
period 2002-2005
International journals
Published
Submitted
4
3
Proceedings and national journals
Published
7
Submitted
3
Abstracts to conferences
19
21 presentations at
international and
national scientific
meetings for the
period
May 2002 February 2005
Pushkin, SPB (3)
Gent(1)
DSS Vienna (3),
Uni Hohenheim (1)
Trippstadt Forest Station (1)
Pushchino (3),
Kazan (2),
Quebec (1)
ForMod Vienna (3)
ECEM 04 (2)
Acknowledgements
The participants of SPBU team acknowledge
colleagues from other teams of the Project,
the Administration of the Biological Institute,
the Department of Soil Science and Soil
Ecology of St. Petersburg State University and
the Dokuchaev Soil Museum for their active
collaboration and valuable help