Transcript Literary Terms Review

Literary Terms Review
Wohoo!
(Yes, that’s an onomatopoeia.)
Name that literary term!
“The road was a ribbon of
moonlight over the purple
moor.”
Name that literary term!
“The road was a ribbon of
moonlight over the purple
moor.”
METAPHOR
Road = ribbon
Both are glowing in the dark
Name that literary term!
• I heard the swishing of her
skirts as she walked up the
stairs.
Name that literary term!
• I heard the swishing of her
skirts as she walked up the
stairs.
• onomatopoeia
Name that literary term!
• "Some day you will be old
enough to start reading
fairy tales again.“
Name that literary term!
• "Some day you will be old
enough to start reading
fairy tales again.“
• VERBAL IRONY
Name that literary term!
• The pen is mightier than
the sword.
Name that literary term!
• The pen is mightier than
the sword.
• SIMILE
Pen = sword
Writing can be more
damaging than killing
Name that literary term!
• "He was a remarkable
Prime Minister with feet of
clay".
Name that literary term!
• "He was a remarkable
Prime Minister with feet of
clay".
• METAPHOR
PM = clay feet
Both are stable/grounded
Name that literary term!
• The less you have the more
free you are.
Name that literary term!
• The less you have the more
free you are.
• PARADOX
Name that literary term!
• “My love is like a red, red
rose.”
Name that literary term!
• “My love is like a red, red
rose.”
• SIMILE
Love = rose
Both are red/soft/beauty
Name that literary term!
• Julie wears so much makeup she has to use a
sandblaster to get it off at
night.
Name that literary term!
• Julie wears so much makeup she has to use a
sandblaster to get it off at
night.
• HYPERBOLE
Name that literary term!
• America is a melting pot.
Name that literary term!
• America is a melting pot.
• METAPHOR
America = Melting pot
Both merge different kinds
together
(people/ingredients)
Name that literary term!
• My desk is groaning
underneath the mountains
of papers to grade.
Name that literary term!
• My desk is groaning
underneath the mountains
of papers to grade.
• PERSONIFICATION
Imagery
• Use of words to create a
sensory experience or
image
• Uses the 5 senses
• Ex: The family dinner was a
“combination of boisterous
conversation, badly burnt
chicken, and the scent of
freshly baked bread.”
Simile
• Figure of speech that
makes a comparison
between two seemingly
unlike things by using a
connective word—like, as,
than, or resembles
• “And the sudden flurries of
snow-birds, Like brown
leaves whirling by.” –James
Russell Lowell
Simile
• The desks overhead
sounded like the
thunderous dancing of
elephants.
• My eyes pooled like rivers
during the wedding vows.
• Your TRY:
– Anger tastes like . . .
– Kindness smells like . . .
Metaphor
• Figure of speech that
makes a comparison
between two unlike things
without using a connective
word such as like or as.
Metaphors can be direct,
implied, extended, or
mixed
• Ex: “I am soft sift/ In an
hourglass.” –Gerard
Manley Hopkins
Metaphor
• “All the world's a stage,
And all the men and
women merely players
in it.” -William Shakespeare
• How could she date a
snake like that?
• You TRY: fill in the blank
with an object
– Friendship is . . .
– Education is . . .
Personification
• Gives human qualities to
an animal, thing, or
concept
• The tree sighed sadly in the
cold wind.
• The warm sun wrapped me
in a blanket of peace.
Personification
• “The ruddy brick floor smiled up
at the smoky ceiling; the oaken
settles, shiny with long wear,
exchanged cheerful glances
with each other; plates on the
dresser grinned at pots on the
shelf . . .” --The Wind in the
Willows
• You TRY:
– Describe a river
– Describe a sword
– Describe a car
Hyperbole
• Figure of speech that uses
exaggeration to express strong
emotion or create a comic
effect
• The limousine was as long as
the Titanic.
• Julie wears so much make-up
she has to use a sandblaster to
get it off at night.
Hyperbole
• “At last the garbage reached so high
That finally it touched the sky.
And all the neighbors moved away,
And none of her friends would come
out to play.
And finally Sarah Cynthia Stout said,
“OK, I’ll take the garbage out!”
But then, of course, it was too late. . .
--Shel Silverstein
You TRY:
I laughed until . . .
I was hungry enough . . .
Symbolism
• Represents something else
and itself
• Always actually occurs in
the text, usually more than
once, instead of as a
comparison
• Common symbols:
– Rose
– Flag
– Rain
Symbolism
• “All this last day Frodo had not
spoken, but had walked halfbowed, often stumbling, as if his
eyes no longer saw the way before
his feet. Sam guessed that among
all their pains he bore the worst, the
growing weight of the Ring, a
burden on the body and a torment
to his mind.”
-J.R.R. Tolkien
• You TRY:
Come up with your own symbol
that represents two different
meanings.
Irony--3 kinds
• A deliberate contrast between
two levels of meaning
• Verbal—implying a different
meaning than what is directly
stated
– Different than sarcasm, which is
much more direct and harsh
• Situational--the opposite of
what is expected happens
• Dramatic—audience knows
something that one or more of
the characters does not
Irony—which kind?
• The beautiful woman lawyer
walked into the courtroom
wearing a visibly stained suit
that frayed at the edges.
Irony—which kind?
• “Oh, and there’s a thrilling
shot of one of the kids being
sick on a small fishing boat off
the coast of Florida and we
are hovering over him offering
him salami and mayonnaise
sandwiches. That one really
breaks us up.”—Erma
Bombeck
Irony—which kind?
• Juliet is actually not dead, but
asleep with the help of a
strong potion. Romeo sees
her lying in the tomb and kills
himself because he believes
her to be dead.
Irony—you TRY!
• Verbal Irony--a teenager is
being yelled at for being out
past curfew. What does he/she
say in reply?
• Situational Irony--You meet the
man/woman of your dreams
and expect to make a good
impression. Instead, . . .
• Dramatic Irony--Think of a
recent movie in which the
audience knows something the
characters do not.
Allusion
• Reference to a statement, person, place,
event, or thing that is known from literature,
history, religion, myth, politics, sports,
science, or the arts
• "Christy didn't like to spend money. She was
no Scrooge, but she seldom purchased
anything except the bare necessities".
“The students were sure that their teacher
had drunk from the river Styx because of
her complete inattention to their pranks.”
Paradox
• A statement that appears to be
contradictory, but actually
expresses a truth
• Ex: “Less is more”
• “Truth must dazzle gradually/Or
every man be blind” -Emily
Dickinson
• “Success is counted
sweetest/By those who ne’er
succeed” -Emily Dickinson
• “It is in giving that we receive”
-Francis of Assisi
Paradox
• “Though this be madness, yet
there is method in’t” -Polonius
in Hamlet
• Write your own paradox!
Humans are the best examples
of paradoxes. Think of
someone you know who has
seemingly opposite
characteristics that make sense
and are true.
• Mrs. Bell is rarely on time and
yet chose a career that is
governed by time and a bell
schedule.
Oxymoron
• Figure of speech which seems
to be self contradictory, but is
actually true; a compressed
paradox
• Ex: Romeo describes love using
several oxymorons, such as “cold fire,”
“feather of lead” and “sick health”
• Ex: She had a terrible beauty. There
was a deafening silence.
• Create your own oxymoron using this
same adjective-noun form.
Allegory
• A constant set of symbols
operating on two levels in a story
• Ex: Plato’s Allegory of the Cave-People are chained in a cave and
think that the shadows they see
are truth. When people break
free, they leave the cave and see
things as they truly are.
• Ex: “Young Goodman Brown”
ignores warning of his wife Faith,
travels into the forest and meets a
man with a snake staff and
witches. He loses his faith.
Satire
• Genre of comedy ridiculing human
faults such as vanity, hypocrisy,
stupidity, and greed--the aim is to
evoke laughter, to expose and criticize
• Ex: Anything on Saturday Night Live or
The Daily Show
• Austin Powers--ridicules the spy movies
and heroes
• Swift’s “A Modest Proposal” in which he
proposes a solution to the problem of
over-population in Ireland--the children
of the poor should be a food source for
the rich
• Think of an example you’ve seen in
pop culture and explain what it
ridicules