Transcript Заголовок слайда отсутствует

The structure of power plants installed capacity
in Kazakhstan:
General capacity – 18,190 МW;
The Northern zone -13,130 MW
The Western energy zone - 2,070 MW
The Southern Energy Zone-2,990 MW
Thermal gas-turbine and steam-to-gas stations – 395 MW (2%);
Hydraulic power stations 2230 MВт (12%)
Thermal steam-power plants that use organic fuel – 15,565 MW (86%);
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan has a high potential
for energy saving:
A weighted energy consumption for production of some energy
intensive products:
Kazakhstan
copper
1,442 kWh/tons
rolled iron 190 kWh/tons
steel
650 kWh/tons
aluminium 670 kWh/tons
the United States
300 kWh/tons
23 kWh/tons
152 kWh/tons
240 kWh/tons
The Law on Energy Saving(1997)
Activities to implement the state policy for energy saving and
introduction of RE:
Established earlier specialized centers aiming at realization of the Law of RK
On Energy Saving:
Center for measuring wind energy potential and coordination of activities in projects
implementation - under the republican state enterprise Almatyenergo.
Centers for renewable energy and water resources- under the institutes of JSC
Kazselenergoproject and Almatygidroproject, respectively.
Researches and feasibility analyses at HPPs and WPSs estimated potential:
•to build 564 new hydroelectric plants;
• to reconstruct 14 hydroelectric plants been in operation;
•the total rated capacity of the future hydroelectric plants is around 5,700 MW and the average
annual output of electricity will be 23 billion kWh;
Solar energy potential:
•the average number of solar hours- 2,200-3,000h/yr,
•annual energy of solar radiation 1,300-1,800 kW/m2.
The Program for Energy Development in
Kazakhstan by 2030:
•11 best projects of medium-size HEP (50 to 300 MW)
•11 projects of small-size HEP (up to 30 MW) with the total rated capacity of 1,462
• MW and average annual output amounting to 6 billion kWh
•1kW/ USD 400-500; PB= 2-3 years after reconstruction of HPPs and EPPs for operating on
associated and natural gas
• List and main characteristics of medium and small-size HEP projects in the Southern
Kazakhstan
Project description
Rated
capacity,
MW
Energy output, Investments, $
thousand
million
MWh/year
Project development stage
90
CO,
emission
reduction,
thousand
tons/year
407
Kerbulak HE? on the Hi
River
49.5
277
Mainak HEP on the
Charyn River
300
972
380
1,429
Feasibility report (1993) two-stage option
(1996)
Kyzylkungey HEP on the
Koksu River
Kyzylbulak HEP on the
Koksu River
150
530
210
779
Regional scheme, technical proposal
40
240
80
354
Regional scheme, technical proposal
Bodarevskaya HEP on the
Koksu River
32
140
80
206
Regional scheme, project studies
Djungarskaya HEP on the
Tentek River
Tunkurguzskay a HEP on
the Tentek River
68
210
140
309
32
115
110
169
Regional scheme, project
studies
Regional scheme, project studies
118
37
173
Preliminary feasibility report
25.6 (4 x 6.4) 131
53
221
Preliminary feasibility report for HEP-1,
contractor design
ToktyshakHEP-1 and
19.5 (2 x
HEP-2 on the Koksu River 9.75)
Panfilov HEPs #l4ontheUsek River
Feasibility report (1994), project, working
documents (1996), additional materials (1998)
The Bartogay hydropower site
Background on Bartogay
station
– What is there?
• Irrigation Dam - constructed in 1982
• Electricity distribution lines – 10kV lines within 2 kilometres of
pumps
• Cost for 1MW station- $308,000
• Some Financing – Oblast is financing construction of 500 kW
• Political support - Big Almaty Canal (owner), Almaty Power
Consolidated (regional power
provider), & Oblast Gov.
• Soft Purchasing Power Agreement – Oblast has promised ~2.4t/kWh
(USD$.016/kWh)
• Preliminary technical assessment for 5 MW station plans – Cost for
Kazakhstan Potential Renewable Energy,Energy Efficiency
and Greenhouse Gas Abatement (PREGA) Projects
Barriers which hinder Energy- Saving
Law realization:
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Lack of the experience in large-scale work
Non-synonymous use of highly developed
countries experience
Legislation weakness
Lack of stimulation for energy-saving, tariff
and tax policy
Not-developed mechanism to fund energysaving projects:
1.investments and budgetary subsidies, privileged
crediting,
2.attraction of foreign investment and credits
attracting, private, out of budget funds for energysaving,
3.leasing of equipment,
4.funds of energy-saving companies,
5.tax decreasing
6.privileged economy conditions and etc.
Pathways for EE development :
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To reconsider and to develop Energy
Saving Law
Develop legislative base for successful
realization of the Energy Saving Law
Develop legislative documents for
Kyoto mechanisms realization
Develop various schemes and forms for
financing of energy saving projects
Widely use of renewable energy
sources
Kazakhstan Potential Renewable Energy,Energy Efficiency
and Greenhouse Gas Abatement () Projects
Barriers for RE development:
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Lack of mechanisms to encourage the
development of RE;
A long payback period as a result of
low tariffs for power, which makes
such projects less attractive for
domestic banks to invest;
Lack of sufficient financial resources
to implement such projects by
domestic entrepreneurs;
Kazakhstan’s unavailability to
implement flexible mechanisms of the
Kyoto Protocol of the UN FCCC;
Some other reasons.
Pathways for RE development in the
Southern Kazakhstan:
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Power import substitution for clean and
competitive RE resources;
Expansion of the existing power networks to
bring energy to remote areas;
Protection of the ecosystem from air pollution
(including GHG) through substitution of the
coal-based energy production;
Decrease of power loses by closer allocation of
energy sources (RE) to consumers.