Transcript Airgas template

Procedures and Treatments
Chapter 5
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The Nurse’s Role in Performing or
Assisting With Procedures
• Following guidelines set by the health care
institution, including:
– The preparation before the procedure
– The follow-up needed when the procedure is
completed
• Ensuring patient safety before, during, and after all
procedures and treatments
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The Nurse’s Role in Preparing the
Client for Procedures
• Providing psychological or emotional support
– Explaining the procedure and encouraging
questions
– Providing comfort to the child and caregivers
• Ensuring legal and safety factors are enforced
– Ensuring an order is written for the procedure
– Identifying the child
– Performing handwashing
– Following standard precautions
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The Nurse’s Role After Procedures
• Leaving child in a safe position
• Comforting and reassuring the child
• Answering caregiver questions
• Removing and disposing of equipment and supplies
properly
• Labeling, preparing, and documenting specimens
according to agency policy
• Documenting the procedure and the child’s response
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Types of Restraints Used for Procedures
• Mummy restraints
• Papoose boards
• Clove hitch restraints
• Elbow restraints
• Jacket restraints
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Common Methods of Holding a Child
• Horizontal position
• Upright position
• Football hold
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Performing Procedures Related to
Elevated Body Temperature
• Using methods to reduce fever
– Maintaining hydration by encouraging fluids
– Administering acetaminophen
• Controlling environmental factors
– Removing excess blankets and clothing
– Lowering the room temperature
• Using cooling devices
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Performing Procedures Related to
Feeding and Nutrition
• Monitoring and documenting the intake of fluids and
nutrients
• Providing nourishment by means of gavage feedings
• Inserting a gastrostomy tube surgically
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Data Documented During
Gavage Feedings
• The type and amount of contents aspirated by the
nurse
• The amount of feeding given
• The child’s tolerance for the procedure
• The positioning of the child after completion
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Procedures Related to Respiration
• Administering oxygen
• Performing nasal and oral suctioning
• Caring for a tracheostomy
• Monitoring and maintaining adequate oxygenation
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Role of the Nurse in Using
Cold or Heat Therapy
• Applying the treatment
• Closely monitoring the effects of the treatment
• Documenting observations
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Procedures Related to Elimination
• Administering an enema to a child as a treatment
or as a preoperative procedure
• Caring for an ostomy site and documenting the
output from an ostomy
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Types of Ostomies
• Colostomy
– Bringing a part of the colon through the
abdominal wall to create an outlet for fecal
material elimination
• Ileostomy
– A similar opening in the small intestine
• Urostomy
– Created to help in the elimination of urine
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Procedures for Specimen Collection
• Collecting nose and throat specimens
• Collecting urine specimens
• Collecting stool specimens
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Methods Used to Obtain Urine Specimens
• Collection bag
• Clean catch
• Catheterization
• 24-hour urine collection
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Assisting With Procedures Related to
Collection of Blood and Spinal Fluid
• Holding or restraining a child during a blood test
• Restraining a child in the proper position for a
lumbar puncture
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Types of Diagnostic Studies
• X-rays
• Arteriograms
• Computed tomography (CT) scans
• Intravenous pyelograms
• Bone or brain scans
• Electrocardiograms (EKGs)
• Electroencephalograms (EEGs)
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans
• Cardiac catheterizations
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Role of the Nurse in Assisting With
Diagnostic Studies
• Teaching and preparing the child and the caregiver
• Requesting and scheduling the tests or studies
• Completing required paperwork; ensuring consents
are signed
• Ensuring that NPO status is maintained
• Clarifying and documenting any allergies
• Supporting, comforting, and restraining the child
• Performing and documenting care after the
procedure
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