Transcript Emergency Preparedness

Emergency Preparedness
Merit Badge Class Guide
Troop 339
Updated January 2015
What, Why?
 Emergencies and Disasters
 Unforeseen, unexpected
 Require immediate attention
 Mother Nature
 Hurricane, tornado, snowstorm, flood, wildfire, earthquake, volcanic
eruption
 Man Made
 Explosion, fire, vehicle crash, chemical and hazardous materials release,
terrorism, Zombie Apocalypse
 Scouts are always PREPARED to help others
 First Aid, knowledge, discipline, planning, leadership
 Can and do make a difference
First Aid (1)
 First Aid Merit Badge
 Requirement for E-Prep Merit Badge
 Review
 “First Aid First” section of E-Prep Booklet
Emergency Situations (2a)
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Prepare
 Recognize threats, educate yourself about dangers
 Make and practice a plan with your family
 Escape routes, primary and secondary meeting place, contact person(s)
 Safe places to shelter in bad weather, how to get info from authorities
 Assemble emergency/disaster supplies kit (3 days, easily accessible)
 Install warning devices
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Respond
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Call 911, implement your plan
Help with first aid, shelter, food, blankets, clothing
Communicate information to others, get the word out
Do not take unnecessary risks
Recover
 Clean-up, assess, rebuild, repair, get things back to normal
 Stabilize physical and emotional health
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Mitigate (make less severe) and prevent
 Manage risk, become aware of and respond to risks/hazards
 “An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure” – Ben Franklin
Emergency Situations (2b)
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Prepare, Respond, Recover, Mitigate and prevent
 Home kitchen fire (call 911)
 Fire alarm, smoke detector, appropriate fire extinguisher
 Check amount and proximity of flammable materials and liquids to flames and hot surfaces
 Home basement/storage/garage fire (call 911)
 Flammable gas and liquid in tightly closed metal containers outside of the home
 Keep 3 to 5 foot zone from home free of grass, woodpiles, debris, overhanging branches
 Explosion in the home (call 911)
 Gas – know where it can come from, what it smells like and what to do if you smell it
 Automobile accident
 Drive carefully, pay attention, no phone usage, avoid distractions
 Ensure proper maintenance and condition of vehicle
 Call 911 if any suspected injuries, fires, gas smell or liquid leaking
 Food poisoning
 Follow safe cooking guidelines
 Keep food at proper temperature and/or properly refrigerated
 Know first aid for suspected food poisoning
 Call Poison Control Center (800) 222-1222, or 911
 http://www.aapcc.org/ is the American Association of Poison Control Centers
Emergency Situations (2b) cont’d
 Prepare, Respond, Recover, Mitigate and prevent any 5 from this
list:
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Fire or explosion in public place
Vehicle stalled in desert
Vehicle trapped in blizzard
Flash flooding in town or country
Mountain/backcountry accident
Boating accident
Gas leak in a home or building
Tornado or hurricane
Major flood
Nuclear power plan emergency
Avalanche
Violence in a public place
Emergency Situations (2c)
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Family Emergency Kit
 Have a family meeting
 Discuss potential emergency and disaster situations
 Decide what situations the kit will be geared for
 Discuss what you need
 Start with Scout 10 Essentials for Survival, add/remove items as necessary
 Pocketknife, first aid kit, extra clothing, rain gear, water, flashlight, trail food, matches and/or fire starter,
sun protection, map & compass
 Buy or Build the kit
 Get everyone involved so everyone knows the kit
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Family Plan
 Have another family meeting
 Roles and responsibilities during an emergency
 Escape routes
 In case of fire, explosion, etc.
 Secondary route in case primary route is blocked
 Meeting place
 Outside home and outside neighborhood
 Contacts
 Neighborhood, town, out-of-town person(s) that your family trusts and can rely on
Saving Someone (3)
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(a) They are touching live electric wire
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Don’t touch them with your hands or metal, avoid water
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First Aid
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Get victim out of room ASAP, open windows
Get fresh air to victim, call 911
(c) Clothes on fire
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Call 911
If trained, use CPR or AED (Automated External Defibrillator) if necessary
Treat for shock
(b) Room filled with carbon monoxide (CO)
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Use a stick or piece of wood to separate them from the wire
Stop, Drop, Roll and Cool
Use a blanket, coat, jacket to cover someone and smother flames
Cold water to cool skin and reduce burn damage
(d) Drowning, using non-swimming rescues
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Never endanger yourself by swimming to the victim unless you are well trained to do so
Reach, Throw and Row
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Arm, broom, branch, paddle, pole
Rope, Ring buoys, life jacket, cushion, sleep pad, kickboard, water jug, coolers, whatever floats
Row backwards to person, tow back or pull aboard
Rescuers (4)
 Where could Rescuers be?
 Planes, aircraft, vehicles, boats, on foot
 Attracting them
 Get to an open area if possible
 Signaling mirror
 Alternatives - piece of metal, flat wet rock, knife blade
 Fire and smoke, but beware of wildfire hazards
 Three fires in a triangle – Universal SOS
 Bright colors
 SOS – spell it with rocks or branches or build squares or triangles
 Three of anything, visual or audible, repeated at intervals is a distress signal.
Distress answer is two of anything.
 Communicating with Rescuers
 Know the Standard Body Signals
 http://www.wilderness-survival.net/chp19.php
Transporting The Injured (5)
 Methods (Reference ‘Lifts And Carries’ doc)
 One Rescuer
 Pulls
 Ankle, Shoulder, Blanket
 Carries
 One-Person, Firefighter, Pack-Strap
 Two Rescuers
 Human Crutch / Two-Person Drag
 Four Handed Seat
 Two Handed Seat
 Chair Carry
 Improvised Stretcher
 Blanket Stretcher
 Three or more Rescuers
 Hammock Carry
 Three Person Carry or Stretcher Lift
 Conserve energy since you may have a long way to go
 Ensure safety of the victim and yourself
Emergency Services (6a)
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Crowd and traffic control
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Only under supervision of officials in charge of the situation
Prepare to deal with a large number of people
Know how to get people’s attention
Set up and maintain a perimeter
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Keep victims and onlookers safe
Messenger service and communication
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Patrols to handle sections of a map
Know short cuts, easiest routes, dead-end streets, trails
Find best method to get the latest info to the most people in the most efficient manner
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Bike, car, snowmobile, boat, horse, skis depending on conditions and terrain
Messengers carry personal identification, list of critical phone numbers, cell phone, flashlight, first-aid kit, pencil, paper, multi-tool or bike tool
kit, and money
Phone centers and radio communication
Collection and distribution services
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Caution tape, rope, line of scouts hand-to-hand
Advance slowly towards crowd
Central collection and distribution points
Water, food, clothing, blankets
Group feeding shelter and sanitation
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Assemble cooking supplies to prepare food for large numbers of people
Set up tents
Sanitize water and provide containers for trash
Emergency Services (6b)
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Government agencies
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American Red Cross
Toll-free telephone: 877-272-7337
Web site: http://www.redcross.org
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Environmental Hazards Management Institute
Toll-free telephone: 800-446-5256
Web site: http://www.ehmi.org
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Environmental Protection Agency
Ariel Rios Building
1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW
Washington, DC 20460
Telephone: 202-260-2090
Toll-free telephone for literature requests only: 800-490-9198
Web site: http://www.epa.gov
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Federal Emergency Management Agency
500 C Street, SW
Washington, DC 20472
Telephone: 202-566-1600
Toll-free telephone for literature requests only: 800-480-2520
Web site: http://www.fema.gov
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National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
14th Street and Constitution Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20230
Telephone: 202-482-6090
Web site: http://www.noaa.gov
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National Weather Service
U.S. Department of Commerce
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
1325 East West Highway
Silver Spring, MD 20910
Web site: http://www.nws.noaa.gov
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U.S. Geological Survey
Toll-free telephone: 888-ASK-USGS (or 888-275-8747)
Web site: http://www.usgs.gov
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Community agencies
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How Scouts can help
Emergency Services (6c)
 Emergency Management
 Know your local officials to contact to offer help
 Emergency Command Center
 Police, Fire Department, Hospital Officials
 Responsibilities
 Learn what these officials do to prepare, respond to, recover
from, and mitigate and prevent emergency situations in your
community.
Emergency Service Project (7)
 Real Project
 Practice Drill
 With a Scouting unit or a community agency
Mobilizing The Troop (8)
 Written plan (8a)
 Exercise (mock incident) (8b)
 Accident scenarios (Bus, boat, plane, etc.)
 Natural Disasters (Tornado, earthquake, etc.)
 Personal Emergency Service Pack for mobilization call &
Family Emergency Kit for evacuation (8c)
 See internet site Ready.gov
 Think first about the basics
 Water, food, warmth, etc.
Home Safety Inspection (9a)
 Sample Home Safety Checklist from Workbook
 Get a parent to help so that you don’t put yourself in danger
while doing the inspection
 Identify safety hazards in your home
 Stoves, Furnaces and Heaters
 Porch,Yard and Garage
 Workshop
 Electrical Devices and Fixtures
 General (reference checklist)
 ‘In case of Emergency’ items
Escape Plan (9b)
 Review or develop a plan of escape for your family in case of
fire in your home
 Floor plan
 Doors and windows you can safely use to exit
 Shortest routes to exits
 Primary and backup meeting place outside
Accident Prevention Plan (9c)
 Cover five (5) different family activities
 List possible hazards
 Develop plan to correct hazards
 Explain reasons for corrections