Transcript Document

CHAPTER 6:
DUEL FOR AMERICA
By Pam Kumparatana and Nikola
Koscica
Early French moves in the New
World

King Louis XIV promoted French oversea
colonies

1608- Samuel Champlain, founded the 1st settlement
in New France (present-day Canada), called Quebec

France made allies with the Huron Tribe, and attacked
the Iroquois.

The King and his appointed magistrate ruled the
colony

New France was populated slowly
Other Early French moves. . .

The first French to
migrate out New France
were the Acadians.

The Acadians moved east
to settle in Nova Scotia,
New Brunswick, Prince
Edward island and parts
of Maine.

1755- England starts to
deport the Acadians from
these areas.
FUR!!
• Voyageurs:
- French fur hunters/traders
- mostly hunted the beaver (almost to the brink of extinction)
- recruited natives to help them hunt for furs
- introduced alcohol to the Native Tribes, and violated their
beliefs
• Jesuits:
- wanted to save the Natives from the French by converting
them to Christianity
- some were tortured and killed by the Native Americans.
The French explore. . .
• 1701- Antoine Cadillac
establishes Detroit
• 1682- Robert de La Salle,
discovers the Mississippi
basin, and names it Louisiana
(5 years later he was killed by
his own crew)
• 1713- Fort New Orleans is
constructed
• Grain is sailed south from New
France to New Orleans, then
to West Indies or Europe
• New Orleans rapidly becomes
a trade center
•
•
•
2 of the wars were called the “King’s
William’s War”(1688-1697) and “Queen
Anne’s War” (1702-1713)
France and Spain fought against
England
Indians and settlers would burn and raid
enemy towns and establishments
1713- Peace terms signed at Utrecht
gave away French Nova Scotia, New
Foundland, and the area around
Hudson Bay to England
The War of the Jenkins’s
Ear (1739)
•
Was first fought between
Spain and England, in
Florida, Georgia, and the
Caribbean
•
(1742), merged with the
war of the War of the
Austrian Succession, and
France entered the war on
the Spanish side.
•
Britain won, but returned all
lands it confiscated in the
war to its enemies. This
moved angered the
Americans.
Pre- French and Indian War
A.
B.
C.
Ohio Valley
a. The Americans wanted it, as a
place to settle
b. The French needed it as a
vital connection to Louisiana
George Washington
a. sent to patrol Ohio valley with
150 men
b. found a deployment of
French soldiers and attacks
them.
Defeat
a. fearing a counter attack,
George Washington retreats to
Fort Necessity
b. He is surrounded by the
French and surrenders
c. he is captured but is released
soon after
-This war originated in Europe
where England and Prussia fought
against France, Spain, Austria,
and Russia
The Americans were
ready to charge into
New France and claim
their land.
They gave the Iroquois
weapons, and made
them their allies
English General
Braddock was sent to
the colonies to provide
military support.
British losses and the Organizer of
Victory
A. Setbacks
a. General Braddock fights one
battle, loses and is killed in the
fighting.
b. The French counterattack and
start to burn villages
c. This left George Washington
and a few American soldiers to
defend the colonies
d. 1756- Brittan’s invasion of
New France fails
e. 1757, William Pitt becomes
the Secretly of State in England
B. William Pitt, the Great Organizer of
victory
a. transferred English soldiers
from the West Indies to New France
b. replaced old generals with new
ones
c. 1758, Battle of Louisburg,
turning point and first decisive
English victory of the war
d. English General James Wolfe,
defeats and surrounds the French
at Quebec
C. Aftermath
a. Louisiana is given to Spain
b. Florida and New France
(Canada) becomes English
The treaty of Paris (1763) gave
away Native American land
without their permission.
Pontiac, chief of the Ottawa tribe,
begins his campaign to free Ohio
Valley from British rule. (he kills
2,000 settlers and destroys all but
3 of the British forts in Ohio valley)
Proclamation of 1763- prohibited
the Americans from settling past
the Appalachian mountains
- It was meant to protect the
colonist and try to resolve the
dispute with the Natives
- what it really did was anger
the colonists who wanted to move
west
Despite the Proclamation,
settlers and explores still went
pass the Appalachian mountains
1767- Daniel Bonne begins to
explore Tennessee and Kentucky