Transcript Ford T model

Ford T model
Michael Goren , Hay Dvir
U.S.A economy
• U.S.A economy was split into two parts: Agriculture
and manufacturing.
• The Industrial Revolution
• The “Conveyor Belt” : time + quantity instead of
quality.
th
• On the 19 Fredrick Taylor made a research and
improved the technique, which was later used by
Henry Ford.
What is model T
• Produced by Henry Ford’s Ford Motor
Company from October 1, 1908 to March 27 1927.
• The first affordable automobile.
• Assembly line instead of individual hand crafting
• World’s most influential car of the 20th century
• First global car
Mass Production Paradigm
"I will
build
a car
forhave
the for
great
Itsmall
will
be that
“Any
“It
willcustomer
be large
can
enough
a the
carmultitude.
family,
painted
but
any
color
constructed
of individual
the
materials,
bycare
the best
he
wantsfor
so the
long
as best
it is black”
enough
to run and
for.” men to
be hired, after the simplest designs that modern
engineering can devise. But it will be so low in price
that no man making a good salary will be unable to
own one …”
Why people wanted it
• Affordable (made of Vanadium Steel)
• Simple design (also good for manufacturing)
It's really a simple concept: the fewer parts and the
less complicated a system is, the less things can go
wrong
• Reliable (can drive today!)
• Everybody has one
• 3-point suspension for off-road drive (used to this
day!)
How its made-The first
month
• At the beginning the methods were typical:
assembly by hand-small production.
• Only 11 cars were built
• Variety of colors: red and green for touring cars,
gray and green for town cars
The birth of
Mass production
• Henry Ford found that he could sell every car he
could make.
• A search for better production ways begins:
“machines are to a mechanic what books are to a
writer. He gets ideas from them, and if has any
brains he will apply those ideas.”
• By the end of 1913 standardized products were
assembled from interchangeable parts, by workers
doing repetitive tasks as the work flows by in an
endless stream
How its made-Mass
production (“Fordism”)
• Research of meat packers, small arms factories,
bicycle factories and more
• Knowledge and skill divided into 84 areas
• Separation of the engine block and the engine
head in two pieces.
• “People can have the Model T in any color – so
long as it’s black.”
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The numbers
Introducing machines to reduce complexity: reducing production
time by a factor of eight (requiring 12.5 hours before, 93 minutes
afterwards)
Ford produced more cars than all other automakers combined –
1914
No advertising between 1917 and 1923
1909: 850$ per car
1911: 69,762 cars sold
1913: 202,667 sold for 550$ each
1915: 501,462 sold for 440$ - about 4 months’ pay
By the 1920s, the price had fallen to $260 because of increasing
efficiencies of assembly line technique and volume.
Advantages of mass
production
•
•
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•
•
•
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Fast (a factor of 8!)
Division of labor (increase efficiency)
Degree of specialization
Flexible – spare parts
Interchangeable parts
Flow of work
Low cost- low prices
Paradigm lost
• Ford believed that it is the only car people need, but at
1927 competition emerged, and “Ford” started working
on a new car.
• Mass production means that all cars are the same, but
the costumers aren’t.
For some people the car wasn’t suitable, what made
them buy another car.
• Ford had in mind that if you have a product that sells
you don’t change or improve it. “If it ain’t broken- don’t
fix it”
It was wrong-the market is changing all the time, so the
needs.
• Today ford is 5th largest in the world based on 2010
vehicle sales.
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Summary
The first car to be mass produced.
Large quantities: inside the USA and outside
World’s most influential car of the 20th century
Innovation is important even in great products
Key words:
Mass Production, Paradigms, Life
cycle, Changing market,
Conveyor Belt, Fordism, Taylorism,
Innovation.
‫שאלות?‬
bibliography
• wikipedia
• http://www.modeltcoin.org/model_t_industrial.html
• http://www.autoevolution.com/news/legacy-ofthe-ford-model-t-100-years-after-1380.html
• http://jalopnik.com/5057386/ten-ways-the-model-tchanged-the-world