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Digital Enterprise Research Institute Research publication & enabling technologies for improved communication: Semantic Publishing and the Semantic Desktop Prof. Stefan Decker www.deri.ie
Copyright 2007 Digital Enterprise Research Institute. All rights reserved.
Mission
Digital Enterprise Research Institute
DERI Galway’s Mission is “to exploit semantics for
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People
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Organisations
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Systems to collaborate and interoperate on a global scale”
People Physical World www.deri.ie
Computers 2 of 31
What is the Semantic Web?
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“An extension of the current Web in which information is given well-defined meaning, better enabling computers and people to work in cooperation.”
– Sir Tim Berners-Lee et al., Scientific American, 2001: tinyurl.com/i59p 3 of 31
The Semantic Web: Interlinked Data from Distributed Sources Digital Enterprise Research Institute http://www.fraison.org
www.deri.ie
http://www.sara.org
http://www.natasha.org
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400 Years of Academic Publishing…
Digital Enterprise Research Institute And we are still doing it in the same way???
www.deri.ie
Authors write narratives which need to be read and understood Published as paper … only the transfer is electronic [de Waard, 2006] 5 of 31
As linear Text – with references
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[de Waard] 6 of 31
Can we afford to continue this way?
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Challenges: Scientific Publishing
Digital Enterprise Research Institute Find relevant Identify literature specific items (claims, justifications) Understand relations between (parts of) the publication and existing knowledge in the field www.deri.ie
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Scientific Publishing (cont.)
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Current approaches Information extraction, data mining E.g.: Google Scholar, CiteSeer, Medline … Main draw-back: lack of interpreting the actual semantics of the text Bio-medical domain Curators Manual scan of scientific articles, population of domain-specific databases Advantage: researchers can pose detailed queries on specific data (e.g. illnesses, symptoms, genes) Main draw-back: enormous amount of literature to be formalized, serious delay of the knowledge transfer 9 of 31
Scientific Publishing (currently)
Digital Enterprise Research Institute ?
Publication repositories ?
www.deri.ie
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Curators Facts / Publication Database 10 of 31
Publishing is adding new Knowledge into a Knowledge Network! Digital Enterprise Research Institute Paper A make it explicit!
Paper B HasSubClaims Claim A1 HasSubClaims SubClaim 1 supportedBy Experiment X1 SubClaim 2 supportedBy Claim B1 supportedBy ….
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Enter … Semantic Publishing
Digital Enterprise Research Institute Semantic Publishing Publishing = Semantic Web + Scientific www.deri.ie
Authoring process Shifting the problem to the writing phase Publishing process Creation of uniquely addressable knowledge elements Interoperability 12 of 31
Semantic Publishing
Digital Enterprise Research Institute Publication repositories ?
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www.deri.ie
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Facts / Publication Database 13 of 31
Authoring and Publishing process
Digital Enterprise Research Institute Incremental Creating a network of metadata and ideas Author-centred Using the author’s knowledge to semantically enrich the publication during the writing process (and possibly even afterwards) Knowledge elements ~ rhetorical blocks and claims Weaving the claim web Publication reference at micro-level Creation of Argumentation Discourse Networks Explicit structuring of ideas and argumentation Immediate reward www.deri.ie
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Publishing process (cont.)
Digital Enterprise Research Institute Example of decomposition into knowledge elements www.deri.ie
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Publishing process (cont.)
Digital Enterprise Research Institute Example of an Argumentation Discourse Network www.deri.ie
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Experimental Implementation
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SALT (Semantically Annotated LaTeX) Early foundational framework Plan: Evaluation http://salt.semanticauthoring.org
Elsevier – – Application of semantic publishing for scientific communication Development of a new, semantic form for the scientific article REMEDI – – Application and validation of semantic publishing in the biomedical domain and research Particular case study: Gene therapy 17 of 31
We do it … but will they come?
Digital Enterprise Research Institute Target Students and researchers open for experiments New comers in the research field Life science researchers … in general Advantages Improve structuring and discourse argumentation in the process of scientific writing Increase visibility in the scientific community It will happen anyway! Better we design it the way we want
Still: How to reduce the necessary work?
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Going back….
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Memex
(Vannevar Bush) A memex is “a device in which an individual stores all his books, records, and communications.”
Open Hypertext System
(Doug Engelbart) “The open hyperdocument system (OHS) is a standards-based, open source framework for developing collaborative, knowledge management applications.”
WWW
(Tim Berners-Lee) “There was a second part of the dream […] we could then use computers to help us analyse it, make sense of what we re doing, where we individually fit in, and how we can better work together.” 19 of 31 www.deri.ie
It wasn’t the time…
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But now it is…
Digital Enterprise Research Institute Today necessary technologies & communities exist: www.deri.ie
Standardised metadata: Semantic Web Scalable distributed infrastructure: P2P Computing Knowledge articulation and interaction: Desktop/Wiki Technology Processing of unstructured and legacy information: NLP Human centric information exchange: Online Social Networks 21 of 31
Social Semantic Desktop
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Motivation Personal data management is a general problem – not just for scientists Data for publication has to come from some where – – – Notes Email Exchange idea Ideal: Support collaboration with the creation, organisation, and exchange of information (beyond email) 22 of 31
Social Semantic Desktop
Realization Digital Enterprise Research Institute Desktop : Help individuals in managing information on the Web / their PC Semantic : Make content available to automated processing Social : Enable exchange across individual boundaries www.deri.ie
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Social Semantic Desktop: Current status
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NEPOMUK Social Semantic Desktop Project 4 MNCs (IBM, HP, SAP, Thales), 3 SMEs, 8 Research Centres Open source Goals: Central per desktop meta data storage Standard desktop ontologies Semantic search on meta data Linking of related data from different sources Prototype: NEPOMUK KDE Part of the KDE 4 system!
standard libraries: on every Linux Great adoption from the Linux community 24 of 31
Semantic Publishing meets Social Semantic Desktop
Digital Enterprise Research Institute Symbiosis with bilateral implications www.deri.ie
Semantic Desktop -> – – Semantic Publishing Provides: a collection of documents and ideas + central metadata storage Value: re-use of existing metadata during the authoring process and for creating new ideas Semantic Publishing -> – – Semantic Desktop Provides: new metadata and ideas Value: improving search results + creating links between information elements based on the newly generated metadata 25 of 31
Conclusion
Digital Enterprise Research Institute Semantic Publishing Improved information representation Better information re-use Improved research communication Rich argumentation discourse networks – open & linked www.deri.ie
Social Semantic Desktop Personal Information Management Distributed Information Management Social Network and Community Services Standard Ontologies Open Architecture Semantic Desktop + Semantic Publishing Ideal platform for Research & Personal (including Social) Information Management 26 of 31
Contact information
Digital Enterprise Research Institute Contacts: Prof. Dr. Stefan Decker ( [email protected]
) Dr. Siegfried Handschuh ( [email protected]
) Tudor Groza ( [email protected]
) Links: http://www.deri.ie/ http://salt.semanticauthoring.org/ http://nepomuk.semanticdesktop.org/ Stefan Decker, Martin Frank: The Social Semantic Desktop. (search Google for : Social Semantic Desktop) www.deri.ie
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