Transcript Almonds - Modesto Junior College

Peaches and Nectarines
Chapter 18
Tree Growth and limiting
factors
• 15 feet tall.
• 20 feet wide
• Can remain productive for 15 to 20 years,
but usually die earlier.
• Flowers are on hangers that are 1 yr old
• Yields
– Processing = 18 ton/acre
– Fresh market = 10 ton/acre
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Stone Fruit = have a stony pit
Yellow
White
Freestone
Cling
Semi-freestone
45% are sold fresh market
55% are sold as processed
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75% of processed peaches are canned
15% are frozen
2% are dried
8% are made into baby food, wine, brandy
or pickled.
• Processing peaches have a non-melting
flesh. (flesh that remains firm when ripe)
• Prop sticks for processing peaches
Nectarines
• No fuzz
• Make up 17% of total
production
Peach
• White = 16 to 17%
• Yellow = 12 to 14%
• Yellow peaches = 82% of
total production
• White peaches = 1% of total
production
• 77% of US Production
comes from California
• Originated in China
Site Selection
Selecting Rootstocks
• Page 347
Choosing Cultivars
• Page 348
Orchard Layout
• See page 361
Medium-low density, open centered
Medium-high density, quad V system
High-density, V-hedgerow system
High-density, V-trellis system
Pruning and training
Orchard Floor management,
Irrigation & Fertilizers
• Floor
– Winter cover crop
– Cultivate 4 to 5 times in summer
• Irrigation
– Flood
– Micro sprinklers
– Drip
• Fertilizer
Cultural practices
• December
• Peach leaf Curl
Kocide Df
10 pounds per acre
Super 90 Oil
2 gals per acre or
Nu Film P
6 fl oz per acre
• Weed control Preemergent Program
Gramoxone Max
2 pt per acre
Goal 2XL
2 pt per acre
Solicam DF
2.5 lb per acre
Princep 4L
3 pts per acre
Activator 90
1 pt per 100
January
• Dormant Spray Program (Optional)
Asana
8 fl oz per acre
Kocide 2000
6 lb per acre
Super 90 Oil
5 gal per acre
• Peach leaf Curl
Kocide DF
10 pounds per acre
Super 90 Oil
2 gals per acre or
Nu Film P
6 fl oz per acre
• Fertilizer
CAN-17 40 lbs N
19 gallons per acre
February
• Blossom Treatment (mid February)
Orbit
Kocide 2000
RNA SI 100
4 oz per acre
1.5 lb per acre
1.5 fl oz per 100
March
• Full Bloom / Thrips
Vangard
5 oz per acre
Success
6 fl oz per acre
RNA SI 100
1.5 fl oz per 100
• Petal fall fungicide/ Insecticide
Bravo
4 pts per acre
Success
1 pt per acre
(if dormant Spray is omitted)
• Fertilizer
20-20-20 (Foliar)
10 lb per acre
March Cont.
• Gophers
Phostoxin
1-2 tblts per hole
• Phermone dispensers
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Checkmate SF
150 disp per acre
April
• Powdery Mildew
Rally
RNA SI 100
4 oz per acre
1.5 fl oz per 100
June
• Phermone dispensers
Checkmate SF
150 disp per acre
• Notes:
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1) Excessive Nitrogen is not good for fresh fruit
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2) Spot treatment for some weeds may require
additional treatments
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3) Gopher Program may require continuous
monitoring and treatment
Insects
Peachtree borer
Peach twig borer
Oriental Fruit Moth
San Jose Scale
Shothole borer
Green stink bug
Consperse stink bug
Omnivorous leafroller adult
Omnivorous leafroller larva
katydid
Crown Gall
Phytophthora
Peach leaf curl
Bacterial Blast
Bacterial Canker
Virticillum Wilt
Scab
Weeds