Transcript Slide 1
ANALISA & PERANCANGAN
SISTEM
Program Pasca Sarjana
Magister Sistem Informasi
Universitas Gunadarma
Disusun Oleh : Dr. Lily Wulandari
Systems Analysis
•
•
•
•
System Development Life Cycle
Planning Phase
Analysis Phase
Documentation Tools
System Development Life Cycle
Planning Phase
• Create a Project
Development Plan
• Project management
software
• Joint application
design (JAD)
Planning Phase
• Graphical project planning
– PERT (Program Evaluation and Review
Technique)
– WBS (Work Breakdown Structure)
– Gantt chart
Planning Phase
Planning Phase
Planning Phase
Analysis Phase
• Produce a list of requirements for a new or
revised information system
• Analysis phase activities
–Study the current system
–Determine system requirements
–Write requirements report
• System requirements are the criteria for
successfully solving problems identified in an
information system
–Success factors
Documentation Tools
• The core documentation tool for project teams
using structured methodology is the data flow
diagram (DFD)
–External entity
–Data store
–Process
–Data flow
Documentation Tools
Documentation Tools
• The current standard for object-oriented
documentation is called UML (Unified Modeling
Language)
• A use case diagram documents the users of an
information system and the functions they perform
–Actors
• A class diagram provides the name of each object, a list
of each object’s attributes, a list of methods, and an
indication of the cardinality between objects
• A sequence diagram depicts the detailed sequence of
interactions that take place for a use case
Documentation Tools
• CASE (Computer Aided
Software Engineering) tools
help project team members
manage all the details of
system documentation. In this
example, the project team is
developing a course
registration system. The top
screen shows how the CASE
tool helps developers create a
complete specification by
pointing out missing elements
in the design. The second
screen shows how the CASE
tool generates program code.
System Design
• Design Phase
• Evaluation and Selection
• Application Specifications
Design Phase
• The project team
must figure out how
the new system will
fulfill the
requirements
specified in the
System
Requirements
Report
Design Phase
• Consider the following when evaluating
hardware alternatives
– Level of automation and computerization
– Processing methodology
• Centralized processing
• Distributed processing
– Network technology
Design Phase
• Software alternatives
– Programming language
– Application development tool
–Commercial software
–Turnkey system
Evaluation and Selection
• Decision support worksheet
Evaluation and Selection
• A request for proposal (RFP) describes the
information system problem and the
requirements for the solution
Application Specifications
• Describe the way the information system’s
software should interact with users, store
data, process data, and format reports
• Feature creep refers to the failure to constrain
change
• Changes should be managed formally,
including written change requests
Implementation and Maintenance
•
•
•
•
•
Implementation Phase
Development and Testing
Documentation and Training
Conversion and Cutover
Maintenance Phase
Implementation Phase
• Project team
supervises the tasks
necessary to
construct the new
information system
Development and Testing
• Software customization is the process of
modifying a commercial application to reflect
an organization’s needs
• Application testing is performed in three ways:
– Unit testing
– Integration testing
•Test area
– System testing
Development and Testing
Documentation and Training
• System documentation
– Describes a system’s features, hardware
architecture, and programming
• User documentation
– Describes how to interact with the system to
accomplish specific tasks
– Procedure handbook
• Contains step-by-step instructions for
performing specific tasks
Conversion and Cutover
• System conversion
– Deactivating an old information system and
activating a new one
– Several conversion strategies:
•Direct conversion
•Parallel conversion
•Phased conversion
•Pilot conversion
• Acceptance testing is designed to verify that the
new information system works as required
Maintenance Phase
• Involves day-to-day
operation of the system,
making modifications to
improve performance,
and correcting problems
• The term quality of
service (QoS) refers to
the level of performance
a computer system
provides
Maintenance Phase
• The system operator is responsible for
operating the computer on a day-to-day basis
• The systems programmer installs new versions
of the operating system and modifies settings
to maximize performance
• The help desk is staffed by technical support
specialists who are familiar with the
information system and record problems and
solutions