Transcript A GIS for carbon dioxide capture and storage in the Indian

CO2 storage potential in India
S. Holloway, A. Garg, M. Kapshe, A. Deshpande, T. N.
Singh and K.L. Kirk
Kingsley Dunham Centre
Keyworth
Nottingham NG12 5GG
Tel 0115 936 3100
© NERC All rights reserved
CO2 storage potential in India:
organisations involved
•
IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D
Programme
•
DEFRA
•
•
•
Maulana Azad National Institute
of Technology Bhopal
Indian Institute of Management,
Ahmedabad
British Geological Survey
© NERC All rights reserved
Aims
•
Analyze CO2 capture and storage potential of India
•
Produce GIS of CO2 sources and potential storage
sites in India
• Build on first estimate of CO2 storage capacity of India (Singh et al.
2006)
•
Prepare ground for cost estimates
© NERC All rights reserved
Principles
•
IEAGHG R&D Programme global CO2 sources
database to be updated (available at
www.co2captureandstorage.com )
•
For storage, focus on mature technologies
•
Storage capacity methodologies compatible with
those proposed by the CSLF
•
State methodology used and what is included/excluded from
your estimate
© NERC All rights reserved
CSLF resource pyramid approach
Realistic capacity:
Applies geological
and engineering
cutoffs to actual basin
data to produce
pragmatic quantified
storage capacity
estimate
Viable capacity:
Applies economic
criteria to realistic
capacity
Theoretical
capacity
© NERC All rights reserved
India’s annual CO2 emissions
India’s total annual
emissions 1343 Mt
CO2 in 2004
(United Nations
Statistics Division
2007)
India CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion
3500
3000
CO2 emissions Mt .
•
2500
2000
CO2 emissions
1500
1000
500
0
1850
1900
1950
2000
2050
Year
Source: http://cdiac.ornl.gov/ftp/trends/emissions/ind.dat
© NERC All rights reserved
CO2 emissions from large point
sources
•
•
•
•
Total from all LPSs 2005-6:
Existing power plant
Power plant under construction
Planned power plant
• of which UMPPs
© NERC All rights reserved
721 Mt CO2
467 Mt CO2
227 Mt CO2
426 Mt CO2
257 Mt CO2
Operational CO2 sources
© NERC All rights reserved
Operational plus under
construction plus planned CO2
sources
Areas not suitable
for CO2 storage
using presently
mature technologies
Pink: crystalline
basement rocks plus
overlying Proterozoic
basins
Blue: Basalt
© NERC All rights reserved
Coal
•
•
•
•
4th largest coal resource in
the world
Key question is what will
eventually be mined
Our estimate is 345 Mt CO2
– based on an indicative
calculation of what might be
adsorbed onto coal
None of the individual
coalfields have the capacity
to store 100 Mt CO2
© NERC All rights reserved
Major
coalfields
of India
CO2 storage on coal - conclusion
•
CO2 storage by adsorption onto coal is not going to
make a significant impact on national CO2 emissions
• But sorption onto coal could give additional
capacity in any of the deeper Gondwana basins
that have potential for storage in their pore space
(e.g. Mondal 2007, Mukhopadhyay, this workshop)
© NERC All rights reserved
Oil and gas fields
•
•
•
•
Total storage capacity is
estimated to be between 3.8
and 4.6 x 109 tonnes CO2.
Many fields fairly small (e.g.
Dhar & Bhattacharya 1993)
Largest field is Bombay High
(offshore Mumbai)
• Tentative estimate of
storage capacity 615-668
Mt
There are opportunities for
EOR (Kumar et al. 2007,
Chakraborty & Dasgupta this
workshop)
© NERC All rights reserved
Barmer
Basin
Cambay
Basin
Mumbai
Offshore Basin
Bombay
High field
Saline aquifers
•
•
Insufficient public domain data to estimate accurately the
storage capacity of saline aquifers
Classified basins as of good, fair and limited potential
•
•
•
Good = proven containment (oil or gas fields) plus expectation
of good reservoir and seal quality at depths >800 m over a
large part of the basin
Fair = one or more potential regional seals that overlie
reservoirs at depths >800 m, and also contain potential
structural closures
Limited = either porous and permeable reservoir absent or not
sealed, or the basins lack structural closures, or they are in
structurally complex fold belts, or they face major potential
conflicts of use.
© NERC All rights reserved
© NERC All rights reserved
Saline aquifers
•
Our classification is controversial in places, e.g.
Ganga Basin, some Gondwana basins
•
It is based on insufficient evidence – a detailed analysis of
the most strategically important basins based on seismic and
well data ( and numerical simulation of CO2 injection) is
needed
© NERC All rights reserved
© NERC All rights reserved
Conclusions
•
•
•
India’s oil and gas fields plus coalfields are estimated
to have <5 Gt (109 tonnes) CO2 storage capacity
This could store national emissions from LPSs for
only 5 years*
It is critical that the saline aquifer CO2 storage
potential of India’s onshore and offshore sedimentary
basins is investigated in more detail
* (currently LPSs emit 721 Mt CO2 annually and would generate c. 1 Gt CO2
annually if equipped for CO2 capture)
© NERC All rights reserved