Transcript The Muscular System – Lower Torso

SLIDE 1 – The Skeletal System
SLIDE 2 – The Basics
We are born with 350 bones
They fuse as we grow until by adulthood we
have 206 bones
Our bones work alongside our muscles to
allow us to walk, run, jump, bend, lift, and
carry
Bones make up approximately 14 percent of
our total body weight
Bones are four times stronger than concrete
The stirrup bone is the smallest in our body
@ approximately 1/10 of an inch
The femur bone is the longest in our body @
approximately ¼ of our height
SLIDE 3 – Anatomical Reference Terms
Anatomical Position
The body is assumed to be standing, the feet
together, the arms to the side, and the head
and eyes and palms of the hands facing
forwards
In a normal relaxed position of the body, the
thumb points anteriorly
In the Anatomical Position, the thumb is a
lateral structure, not an anterior one
SLIDE 4 – Pic
SLIDE 5 – Anatomical Reference Terms
Median/Sagittal plane - This plane runs
through the body from the head to the feet,
and divides the body into Left and Right
halves
Frontal/Coronal plane - This plane runs
through the body from the head to the feet,
and divides the body into Front and Rear
halves.
Transverse plane - This is any plane that runs
left to right through the body and divides it
into Upper and Lower sections.
SLIDE 6 – Pic
SLIDE 7 – Anatomical Reference Terms
Lateral and medial - Away or towards the
Median plane respectively.
Superior and inferior - Towards the head, or
towards the feet respectively.
Anterior and posterior - Towards the front of
the body, or towards the rear of the body
respectively.
Superficial and deep - Superficial structures
are closer to the skin than deeper structures.
Distal and proximal - Further from or nearer
to the limb's connection to the trunk
respectively.
SLIDE 8 – Anatomical Reference Terms
Movements:
Flexion - where there is a reduction in the
angle between bones or parts of the body. An
example of arms flexing is lifting a dinner
plate.
Extension - is the opposite of flexion, and
there is an increase in the angle.
ADduction - where there is a reduction in the
angle between bones or parts of the body.
Towards the midline of the Body.
ABduction - the exact opposite, with an
increase in the angle. Away from the midline
of the Body.
Pronation - this is the rotation of the hand so
that the palm faces posteriorly
Supination - the rotation of the hand so that
the palm faces anteriorly
Dorsiflexion - movement which decreases the
angle between the foot and the leg
Plantarflexion - the movement which
increases the angle between the foot and the
leg, as when depressing an automobile pedal
SLIDE 9 – 4 Functions of Bone
Bones protect the Vital Organs and soft
tissues in our body
Bones are the factory where Red Blood Cells
are produced
Bones are a reservoir for Minerals
Bones provide attachments for Muscles to
produce movement
SLIDE 10 – Major Bones – Anterior - Blanks
SLIDE 11 – Major Bones – Anterior Answers
SLIDE 12 – Major Bones – Posterior –
Blanks
SLIDE 13 – Major Bones – Posterior –
Answers