Transcript Unit 5: Light Search and Rescue

Uni t 5: Li ght S e a rch & Re scue
Unit 5: Light Search & Rescue
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Goals and Safety Considerations
Hazards
Tools and Resources
Search Operations
Rescue Operations
Size-Up
Search and Rescue
Goals and Safety Considerations
Search and Rescue Defined
A systematic approach for locating, rescuing
(extricating), and providing initial medical treatment to
victims trapped.
Search and Rescue
Goals and Safety Considerations
Safety
•Stay aware of your surroundings
•Assume all downed wires are live
•Stay coordinated and in
communication with your team
•Do not exceed your capabilities or
training
•Stay hydrated-take breaks
•Watch for fatigue in yourself and
your crew
Search and Rescue
Goals and Safety Considerations
LCES
•Lookout or safety person
•Communication
•Escape routes
•Safety zones
Search and Rescue
Hazards
Scene Hazards
Above Ground:
•Electrical wires
•Walls/cornices
•Unreinforced chimneys
Ground Level:
•Glass and debris
Below Grade:
•Earth
•Water
•Hazardous Materials/sewage
•Manmade structures
•Propane
Search and Rescue
Hazards
Damage Classification
Study the outward signs!!
Light Damage
•Superficial to exterior,
mostly interior
Moderate Damage
•More apparent – cracking
but no lean
Heavy Damage
•Partial/total collapse
Search and Rescue
Hazards
Light, medium, or heavy???
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Hazards
Signs of Structural Instability
•Uneven windows
•Cracked foundation and/or walls
•Distinct lack of plumbness
•Wood frames do well in
earthquakes, but…
Search and Rescue
Tools and Resources
Basic Tools Should Include
•PPE
•Go – bag
•Duct tape
•Extinguisher
•Axe
•Prying and various
carpentry tools
Search and Rescue
Tools and Resources
Forcing Doors and Windows
•Feel doors for heat
•Break a glass panel in a door, reach in, unlock…much easier
•Pound directly on lock with sledge
•Windows:
oSee if they’re open
oTools
oBreak
oGlass types
•Announce yourself
•Try before you pry!
Search and Rescue
Tools and Resources
Points of Entry
•Front door
oOpen?
oKeys?
•Any window or glass door
•Upper floor deck
•Garage door…caution!
Search and Rescue
Tools and Resources
Breaking Glass
•Stand to one side
•Keep hands above tool’s
contact point
•Start at top of window and
work down
•Clear frame of all glass and
debris
*Different glass
Search and Rescue
Tools and Resources
Garage Doors
•Same techniques as windows
•Jam the door OPEN when going inside garage
Search and Rescue
Tools and Resources
Ladder Safety
•Ten feet from wires
•Secure ladder
•Correct ladder angle
Search and Rescue
Tools and Resources
Box Cribbing
*Improvised resources?
Step 1
Step 3
Step 2
Step 4
Search and Rescue
Tools and Resources
Mechanical Advantage and Lifting
•Levers
•Jacks
•Cribbing
•Wedges and Shims
Search and Rescue
Tools and Resources
Lifting Heavy Objects
•See if you can lift the item without mechanical
advantage
•Use proper body mechanics
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2.
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4.
BEND KNEES AND SQUAT
KEEP BACK STRAIGHT
KEEP LOAD NEXT TO BODY
PUSH UP WITH LEGS
Search and Rescue
Tools and Resources
Lifting Procedure
•Have all materials ready
•Everyone aware of plan including victim
•Crib to object being lifted
•Lift height of 1 piece of cribbing
•Slide cribbing under object
•Set object down on cribbing
•Keep hands out from underneath object
Repeat this process until victim can be removed
Search and Rescue
Tools and Resources
Know Your Limits
•Physical Condition
•Mental Condition
DON’T OVEREXTEND YOURSELF
DON’T BECOME A VICTIM
Search and Rescue
Search Operations
Search and Rescue Survival Rates
Time of Rescue
30 Minutes
1 Day
2 Days
3 Days
4 Days
5 Days
Survival Rate
99.3%
81.0%
33.7%
36.7%
19.0%
7.4%
Search and Rescue
Search Operations
Search Overview
•Two teams of two
•Exterior controls scene outside
•Interior completes the search
•Both should have utility shutoff tools, documentation
items, and PPE
Search and Rescue
Search Operations
Types of Collapses and Voids
Voids form due to collapse
Primary concern is your safety
Four basic collapses in order of least to most
hazardous:
•Lean-to
•V-shape
•Pancake
•Cantilever
Search and Rescue
Search Operations
V-Shape Collapse
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Search Operations
Pancake Collapse
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Search Operations
Cantilever Collapse (after support)
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Search Operations
Some Search Tips
•Preplan the search
•Be systematic – follow the same direction all the way
around rooms
•Have prearranged signal system with exterior team
•Always stay in pairs!
•Don’t become a victim! Play it safe and get out if you
hear creaking, sense movement, or smell gas!
Search and Rescue
Search Operations
Before Entering Building
•Mark the outside of the building a diagonal line with
paint or pen
•Write the time and date
•Write the CERT team name
Search and Rescue
Search Operations
After Exiting Building
•Mark the outside of the building
another diagonal line forming an “X”
•Write the time and date the
search team left structure
•Write hazards found and
conditions found
Search and Rescue
Search Operations
Building Marking Sample
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Rescue Operations
Rescue
•Starts once victim is located
•Size-up
•Assess needed resources
•Have a good plan and make
sure all understand it!
•Plan escape routes
•Determine medical needs
•Keep it simple
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Rescue Operations
Rescue
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Rescue Operations
Rescue
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Rescue Operations
Rescue
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Rescue Operations
Rescue
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Rescue
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Rescue
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Rescue Operations
General Rules
•Always form a plan everyone understands
•Designate a team leader and a safety officer
•Full PPE
•Have equipment ready for your assigned task
•Always crib up to your object
•Be ready to adapt if your plan is not working
Search and Rescue
Size-Up
Size-Up
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Gather facts.
Assess and communicate damage.
Assess your resources.
Establish priorities.
Develop a rescue plan.
Take action.
Evaluate your progress.
Search and Rescue
Review
Search and Rescue Review
•Size-up your scene and know your situation.
•Be safe!
•Greatest good.
•Establish a search process.
•Rescue victims and treat as needed.
•Teamwork and communications.
Search and Rescue
Size-up
Size-up Scenario