Transcript ~Exhibit Ideas~
Fiber Optics & Light Guides
Presentation by: CGIE Cambridge Girls In Engineering July 1 st –August 2 nd , 2002
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
Mia
•
School: Cambridgeport School
•
Age: 13 yrs old
•
Hobbies: Computer Games, Sports
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
Lydia
•
School: Martin Luther King School
•
Age: 13 yrs old
•
Hobbies: Drawing & Painting
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
Annie
•
School: King Open School
•
Age: 14 yrs old
•
Hobbies: Dancing, Swimming, and Basketball
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
Ashlee
•
School: King Open School
•
Age: 14 yrs old
•
Hobbies: Swimming, Singing, volleyball,
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
Laurie
•
School: Cambridgeport School
•
Age: 12 yrs old
•
Hobbies: Playing the piano, listening to music, shopping, and writing
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
Overview of Presentation
• • •
Basic knowledge, use, and structure of fiber optics and light guides – how they work, pros/cons, applications, etc.
Group project – deciding on ideas, prototypes, ordering, building, etc.
Final Exhibit
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
What Are Fiber Optics?
• • • • •
Long, thin strands Glass/Plastic Diameter of a human hair Come in bundles Able to transmit signals or images over long distances
What are Light Guides?
• • • •
Long rods that come in different shapes and sizes Glass/ plastics able to transmit light Some are flexible Work like fiber optics
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
Differences Between Fiber Optics and Light Guides
• •
Light Guide- long, variety of different diameters, do not concentrate light as well as fiber optics Fiber Optics small, thin, transmit light more efficiently,
Basic Structure of Fiber Optics and Light Guides
* Layer one: Jacket or Buffer Coating *Layer two: Cladding *Layer three: Core
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
How Do They Work
• •
The core has a higher index of refraction than the cladding The light travels through the core by constant reflection from the cladding
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
Advantages & Disadvantages of Fiber Optics
• • • •
Advantages Lightweight Non-flammable Flexible Carry signals more efficiently than traditional methods
• • •
Disadvantages Break easily Small & hard to detect Expensive
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
Advantages & Disadvantages of Light Guides
Advantages:
•
More durable
•
Light travels through
•
Less expensive
•
Available in different sizes Disadvantages:
•
Scratches easily
•
Some are breakable
•
Light can get lost if scratched too much
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
Applications of Fiber Optics
• • •
Medical instruments Communications networks Computers and printers
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
Where did Fiber Optics come from?
• •
In the late 1800’s scientist John Tyndall found using an illuminated tank, light could travel through a curved stream After years of experimenting, he found that light and images were able to be carried through glass rods
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
How We Decided on Fiber Optics and Light Guides
• • • •
We were going to use lasers and mirrors to reflect light through a maze It was suggested that we do something with fiber optics We did research and found out about light guides We brainstormed ideas
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
Exhibit
Ideas
• • • • •
Our ideas were: Spider Girl Teddy Bear Medusa’s Head Alphabet Spaghetti Maze
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
Spider Girl
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
Teddy Bear
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
Medusa’s Head
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
Spaghetti Maze
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
Final Decision
• • We decided to do the spaghetti maze as our main project New title for the exhibit: “ Light It Up ” CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
Prototypes
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
What is “Light It Up”?
• • • •
Various fiber optics and light guides shaped with bends and curves Users of the exhibit shine the light in one end and see where it comes out Putting colored filters in front of the light changes how it looks coming out of the other end This exhibit shows how light travels through fiber optics and light guides
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
Discussions
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
Experiments
• • •
Different lengths & diameters of light guides Different light sources – flashlights vs. LEDs Bending light guides with different heat sources – stove vs. blowtorch
•
Problems We Came Across
• • • • •
What kind of lights are we going to use?
– –
How powerful will they be?
How will the lights be set up?
What diameter of the light guides are we using?
What are the dimensions of the exhibit?
What is the cost of the materials?
Are the light guides strong enough to carry the light?
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
More Issues
• • •
Light cannot travel through a 30 foot long light guide Maximum length of each light guide is 6 feet Different frustrations with team dynamics
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
Ordering Materials
• • • • • Different types of light guides & fiber optics Lights (LED & reflectors) Color Filters Wire for prototype Light switches CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
Budget
Item Company
1mm Acrylic Fiber 3mm Acrylic Fiber 1mm round optical fiber 3.2mm round optical fiber 2mm red fluorescent round fiber 2mm yellow fluorescent round fiber 2mm green fluorescent round fiber 2mm blue fluorescent round fiber 1mm orange fluorescent round fiber 6.3mm jacketed fiber optic bundle .25"extruded acrylic rod 6mm glass rod LED 6400 MCD, 20 deg.
LED 6400 MCD, 20 deg.
LED reflectors Laminating Colored Filters 48x48 clear cast acrylic sheet 90 degree Angle Outlet Strip 36x48 clear cast acrylic sheet Clear cast acrylic rod 22mm panel cutout plastic switch Edmund industrial Edmund industrial Optical polymer reasearch Optical polymer reasearch Optical polymer reasearch Optical polymer reasearch Optical polymer reasearch Optical polymer reasearch Optical polymer reasearch Edmund industrial McMaster-Carr McMaster-Carr www.theledlight .com
www.theledlight .com
www.theledlight .com
Modern Laminating B.N. Productions Inc.
McMaster-Carr McMaster-Carr McMaster-Carr McMaster-Carr McMaster-Carr Borosilicate glass rod, 6 mm, 48'' 24x48 clear cast acrylic sheet 19" wide rack-mount outlet strip Flourescent optical fiber-Y G B V Flourescent optical fiber-Red 0.06" Flourescent optical fiber-Red 0.1" South Coast Fiber Optics South Coast Fiber Optics Flourescent optical fiber-Orange-0.04" South Coast Fiber Optics Plastic optical fiber South Coast Fiber Optics Acrylic optical fiber Stranded single conductor wire Shipping and handling fees McMaster-Carr McMaster-Carr McMaster-Carr South Coast Fiber Optics South Coast Fiber Optics McMaster-Carr -
Individual Cost
$ 1.30
$ 3.50
$ 0.13
$ 1.30
$ 4.59
$ 4.59
$ 4.59
$ 4.59
$ 1.05
$ 8.70
$ 0.89
$ 4.04
$ 17.40
$ 17.40
$ 1.20
$ 6.50
$ 118.13
$ 47.02
$ 96.65
$ 3.98
$ 11.90
$ 5.54
$ 20.91
$ 47.02
$ 1.40
$ 0.80
$ 2.40
$ 0.32
$ 0.14
$ 0.72
$ 24.21
Quantity
1 1 1 12 3 3 3 115 35 1 10 10 115 50 1 1 1 1 1 18 3 1 1 1 1 48 8 2 2 1 12 7
Total Cost
$ 13.00
$ 35.00
$ 14.95
$ 65.00
$ 156.60
$ $ $ 17.40
17.40
$ 80.00
$ 52.00
$ 236.26
$ 94.04
$ $ $ 96.65
$ 47.76
$ 83.30
20.91
47.02
16.80
$ 16.10
$ 25.20
$ 24.21
$ 500.00
Total Estimated Cost = $1703.02
Lets Do It!
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
Final Exhibit: Light It Up
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
SPECIAL THANKS to…
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002
Questions?
CGIE Girls Get Set 2002