Transcript Planning & Intelligence

Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training
Module 2 Unit 1
Hazard / Risk Assessment
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Objectives
 Identify
ways to obtain information
 Identify information that needs to be
collected
 Identify the DOT hazard classes and
divisions of hazardous materials
 Identify important chemical and physical
properties
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 2
Gathering Information
 Product
 Container
 Environment
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 3
Hazard / Risk Assessment
 Hazards
 Vulnerabilities
 Thermal
 People
 Etiological
 Places
 Asphyxiation
 Things
 Mechanical
 Chemical
 Psychological
 Radiological
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 4
Hazard / Risk Assessment (con’t)
 Planing
information
 Dispatch information
 Arrival information
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 5
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training
Module 2 Unit 2
Chemical and Physical
Properties
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Objectives
 Match
important chemical and physical
properties to their effects on the chemical
and container.
 Identify the difference between exposure
and contamination.
 Determine the appropriate DOT class of
the product.
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 7
Physical / Chemical Properties
Physical
Chemical
 State
 Flammability
 Phase
 Reactivity
changes
 Vapor pressure
 Specific gravity
 Vapor density
 Solubility
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
 Toxicity
Unit 2 - 8
Three Common Info Sources
 North American
Emergency Response
Guide Book (NAERG)
 NIOSH Pocket Guide to
Chemical Hazards
 Material Safety Data
Sheets (MSDS)
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 9
Material Safety Data Sheets
 Nine
basic sections
 Various designs
 Some of better quality
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 10
Product Information
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 11
Hazardous Ingredients
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 12
Exposure Limits
Ceiling
Amount
STEL
TWA
1
2
3
4
5
6
Duration (hrs)
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
7
8
Unit 2 - 13
Physical Data
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 14
Vapor Pressure
Atmospheric Pressure
14.7 p.s.i. or 760 mm/Hg
Low Vapor Pressure
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
High Vapor Pressure
Unit 2 - 15
Specific Gravity
Water = 1
Specific Gravity
greater than 1
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Specific Gravity
less than 1
Water = 1
Unit 2 - 16
Physical Properties (cont.)
 Vapor
Density
 Comparison
of the weight of a vapor to that of
air being assigned the value of 1
 Solubility/Miscibility
 The
ability of a substance (solute) to blend
uniformly with another (solvent)
 Solubility applied to a solid in liquid
 Miscibility applied to a liquid or gas in a liquid
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 17
Spill Types
 Physical
properties determine spill types
Most Common Types
(Transformation must be considered)
Air (A)
Gas (G)
Liquid (L)
Water (W) Surface (SF) Sub-Surface (SSF)
G/A
L/W
Solid (S)
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
L/SF
L/SSF
S/SF
Unit 2 - 18
Video - Physical Properties
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 19
Fire and Explosion Hazards
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 20
The Fire Triangle
FUEL
OXYGEN
(Reducing Agent)
(Oxidizer)
HEAT
(Energy)
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 21
Flash Point
 “The
temperature at which a liquid or
volatile solid gives off vapors sufficient to
form an ignitable mixture near the
surface…” (NFPA)
 Remember, volatility is a product of vapor
pressure
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 22
Flammable Range
L.E.L.
Lean
0 10 20 30
U.E.L.
Rich
Range
40
50
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
60
70 80
90 100
Unit 2 - 23
Examples of Flammable Range
Propane 2.2 - 9.5 %
0 10 20 30
40
50
60
70 80
90 100
70 80
90 100
Acetylene 2.5 - 100 %
0 10 20 30
40
50
60
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 24
Other Flammable Hazards
 Ignition
temperature
 Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor
Explosions (BLEVE)
 Boil-Over
 Heavy
fuels
 Water in the bottom of the storage tank
 Thermocline development during fire
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 25
Other Flammable Hazards
 Pyrophoric
 Hydrophoric
 Flammable
solids
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 26
Health Hazards
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 27
Health Hazards
 Routes
of exposure
 Local Vs. Systemic effects
 Dose response relationship
 Influences of toxicity
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 28
Reactivity Hazards
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 29
pH and Corrosives
BASE
(ALKALINE)
ACID
0
2
7
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
12.5
14
Unit 2 - 30
Reactions
 Rate
of reactions
 Concentration,
temperature and pressure
 Explosives
 Fuel,
oxidizer, energy, pressure
 Incompatibilities
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 31
Table of Incompatibilities
A
B
1 Acids
Bases (Alkaline)
2 Metals
Corrosives
3 Alcohol / Water
Group 1/Hydrophoric
4 Reducers
Oxidizers
Florida Operational Level
5 Cyanides/Sulfides
Acids
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 32
Video - Chemical Properties
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 33
Spill, Leak and Fire Control
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 34
Personal Protective Equipment
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 35
Special Information
 Special
handling
 Special packaging
 Disposal procedures
 Environmental information
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 36
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training
DOT Hazard Classes and
Divisions
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Hazard Classes and Divisions
1 - Explosives
1.1 - Mass detonation
1.2 - Projectile
1.3 - Fire hazard
1.4 - No blast hazard
1.5 - Blasting agent
1.6 - Very insensitive
2 - Gases
2.1 - Flammable
2.2 - Non-flammable
2.3 - Poisonous
3 - Flammable liquid
3.1 - Flash point over 140 degrees
3.2 - Flash point less than 140
4 - Flammable Solids
4.1 - Flammable solid
4.2 - Spontaneous / Pyrophoric
4.3 - Dangerous when wet
5 - Oxidizers
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
5.1 - Oxidizers
5.2 - Organic peroxides
Unit 2 - 38
Hazard Classes and Divisions
6 - Poisons
6.1 - Poisons
6.2 - Infectious substances
7 - Radioactive
8 - Corrosives
9 - Miscellaneous
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 39
Summary
 Physical
properties
 Chemical properties
 Common references
 NA ERG
 NIOSH
Pocket Guide
 MSDS
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 40
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training
Activity 2.1
Assessing Physical and
Chemical Properties
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training
Module 2 Unit 3
Container Information
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Objectives
 Identify
general shapes of containers
 Identify important container markings
 Suggest materials that might be stored in
containers
 Discuss radiological materials packaging
 Describe container stress and failures
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 43
Common Characteristics
 Shape
 Capacity
 Pressures
 Non-pressurized
(0-5 psi)
 Low pressure (5-100 psi)
 High pressure (100-3,000 psi)
 Ultra-high pressure (over 3,000 psi)
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 44
Container Use
 Fixed
Storage
 Transportation
 Highway
 Rail
 Intermodal
 Pipeline
 Portable
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 45
Construction and Standards

Various construction
materials

Non-ferrous
 Ferrous
 Alloys
 Aluminum
 Stainless steel
 HSLA

Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Standards
Rail Specification
 Highway spec plate
 DOT
 Motor Carrier (MC)

Unit 2 - 46
Fixed Facility Containers
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 47
Non and Low Pressure Storage
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 48
Pressurized Storage
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 49
Specialty Fixed Containers
 Telescoping
 Cryogenic
 Other
unique
containers exist
 Planning is
essential
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 50
Highway Containers
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 51
Non-Pressurized (MC306/DOT406)
 Common
use: Petroleum products, some
poisons
 Construction: Mostly made of aluminum
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 52
Low Pressure (MC307/DOT407)
 Use:
General purpose chemical tanker
 Construction: Aluminum, SS or Steel
 Might
be insulated
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 53
Corrosive Carrier (MC312/Dot412)
 Use:
Heavy corrosive liquids
 Construction: Black iron, SS or alloys
 May
be specially lined
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 54
Pressurized (MC330 & MC331)
 Use:
Liquefied compressed gases
 Construction: Steel, HSLA
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 55
Cryogenic Carrier (MC338)
 Use:
Ultra cold cryogenic liquids
 Construction: Specialized with annular
space and unique venting characteristics
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 56
High Pressure Tube Trailers
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 57
Dry-Bulk Carrier (Non specification)
 Use:
Hazardous and non-hazardous
powdered and granular materials
 Pneumatically off-loaded
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 58
Intermodal Containers
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 59
Video - Containers
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 60
Rail Containers
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 61
General Rail Containers
 Box
cars
 Flat cars
 Gondola cars
 Hopper cars
 Tank cars
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 62
Rail Tank Cars
 Classifications
 Non
pressurized (less than 100 psi)
 Pressurized (greater than 100 psi)
 Capacities
up to 31,500 gallons
 Some are dedicated service (approx. 40)
 Intermodal
 TOFC
and COFC
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 63
Non-Pressurized
 Use:
Liquids with low vapor pressures
 Construction: No expansion dome
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 64
Non-Pressurized (with expansion dome)
 Use:
Liquids with higher volatility
 Construction: Expansion dome for vapors
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 65
Pressurized (Liquefied gas service)
 Use:
Liquefied gas carrier
 Construction: Protective dome, no
underside piping
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 66
Shipping Papers and Placards
 Highway
shipping papers
 Rail shipping papers
 Marine (Dangerous cargo manifest)
 Air (Air bill)
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 67
Non-Bulk Containers
 Capacities
 Less
than 119 gallons
 Less than 1000 lbs..
water capacity
 Types
 Cylinders,
bags,
carboys
 Drums, boxes, totes
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 68
Pipelines
 May
be single or multi product lines
 Use
of “pigs”
 Specific gravity
 Pipeline
markers
 Safety features
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 69
Radiological Packaging
 Special
Form
 Normal
 Low
specific activity
 Type “A” packaging
 Type “B” packaging
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 70
Summary - Container Information
 Numerous
types of containers
 General classifications
 Container used is largely dependent upon
vapor pressure of the product
 Shipping papers are essential
 Radioactive packaging considerations
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 71
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training
Module 2 Unit 4
Container Assessment
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Objectives
 Identify
three types of stressors
 Understand the need for damage
assessment
 Define BLEVE and its potential impact
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 73
Types of Container Stressors
 Thermal
 Chemical
 Mechanical
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 74
Failures and Releases

Failures

Disintegration
 Run-away cracking
 Openings in closures
 Punctures
 Splits and tears

Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Release Types
Detonation
 Violent rupture
 Rapid relief
 Spill or leak

Unit 2 - 75
Container Damage Assessment
 Very
risky operation
 Goal is to identify “Critical Containers”
 One
 Items
in which catastrophic failure is possible
to consider
 Pressure
 Container
construction
 Type of stressor
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 76
Critical Pressurized Containers
 Mechanical
failures
 Pressurized
tanks (e.g. MC330 and 331) do
tolerate dents well
 Thermal
impacts
 BLEVE
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 77
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training
Activity 2.2
Vulnerability Assessment
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training
Module 2 Unit 5
Assessing Vulnerabilities
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Vulnerability Assessment
 Hazard Assessment
 Vulnerability Assessment
 Making
predictions
 Spill
type implications
 Environmental considerations
 Impacts of physical properties
 Obtaining
Technical Assistance
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 80
Summary
 Observations
are essential
 How
can the hazards effect responders?
 What is around you that can be impacted?
 What conduits are present to assist with the
materials movement?
 Specialized
technical assistance may be
required
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 81
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 82