Planning & Intelligence
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Transcript Planning & Intelligence
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training
Module 2 Unit 1
Hazard / Risk Assessment
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Objectives
Identify
ways to obtain information
Identify information that needs to be
collected
Identify the DOT hazard classes and
divisions of hazardous materials
Identify important chemical and physical
properties
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 2
Gathering Information
Product
Container
Environment
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 3
Hazard / Risk Assessment
Hazards
Vulnerabilities
Thermal
People
Etiological
Places
Asphyxiation
Things
Mechanical
Chemical
Psychological
Radiological
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 4
Hazard / Risk Assessment (con’t)
Planing
information
Dispatch information
Arrival information
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 5
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training
Module 2 Unit 2
Chemical and Physical
Properties
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Objectives
Match
important chemical and physical
properties to their effects on the chemical
and container.
Identify the difference between exposure
and contamination.
Determine the appropriate DOT class of
the product.
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 7
Physical / Chemical Properties
Physical
Chemical
State
Flammability
Phase
Reactivity
changes
Vapor pressure
Specific gravity
Vapor density
Solubility
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Toxicity
Unit 2 - 8
Three Common Info Sources
North American
Emergency Response
Guide Book (NAERG)
NIOSH Pocket Guide to
Chemical Hazards
Material Safety Data
Sheets (MSDS)
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 9
Material Safety Data Sheets
Nine
basic sections
Various designs
Some of better quality
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 10
Product Information
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 11
Hazardous Ingredients
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 12
Exposure Limits
Ceiling
Amount
STEL
TWA
1
2
3
4
5
6
Duration (hrs)
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
7
8
Unit 2 - 13
Physical Data
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 14
Vapor Pressure
Atmospheric Pressure
14.7 p.s.i. or 760 mm/Hg
Low Vapor Pressure
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
High Vapor Pressure
Unit 2 - 15
Specific Gravity
Water = 1
Specific Gravity
greater than 1
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Specific Gravity
less than 1
Water = 1
Unit 2 - 16
Physical Properties (cont.)
Vapor
Density
Comparison
of the weight of a vapor to that of
air being assigned the value of 1
Solubility/Miscibility
The
ability of a substance (solute) to blend
uniformly with another (solvent)
Solubility applied to a solid in liquid
Miscibility applied to a liquid or gas in a liquid
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 17
Spill Types
Physical
properties determine spill types
Most Common Types
(Transformation must be considered)
Air (A)
Gas (G)
Liquid (L)
Water (W) Surface (SF) Sub-Surface (SSF)
G/A
L/W
Solid (S)
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Hazardous Materials Training Program
L/SF
L/SSF
S/SF
Unit 2 - 18
Video - Physical Properties
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 19
Fire and Explosion Hazards
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 20
The Fire Triangle
FUEL
OXYGEN
(Reducing Agent)
(Oxidizer)
HEAT
(Energy)
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 21
Flash Point
“The
temperature at which a liquid or
volatile solid gives off vapors sufficient to
form an ignitable mixture near the
surface…” (NFPA)
Remember, volatility is a product of vapor
pressure
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 22
Flammable Range
L.E.L.
Lean
0 10 20 30
U.E.L.
Rich
Range
40
50
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
60
70 80
90 100
Unit 2 - 23
Examples of Flammable Range
Propane 2.2 - 9.5 %
0 10 20 30
40
50
60
70 80
90 100
70 80
90 100
Acetylene 2.5 - 100 %
0 10 20 30
40
50
60
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 24
Other Flammable Hazards
Ignition
temperature
Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor
Explosions (BLEVE)
Boil-Over
Heavy
fuels
Water in the bottom of the storage tank
Thermocline development during fire
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 25
Other Flammable Hazards
Pyrophoric
Hydrophoric
Flammable
solids
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Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 26
Health Hazards
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 27
Health Hazards
Routes
of exposure
Local Vs. Systemic effects
Dose response relationship
Influences of toxicity
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 28
Reactivity Hazards
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 29
pH and Corrosives
BASE
(ALKALINE)
ACID
0
2
7
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
12.5
14
Unit 2 - 30
Reactions
Rate
of reactions
Concentration,
temperature and pressure
Explosives
Fuel,
oxidizer, energy, pressure
Incompatibilities
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 31
Table of Incompatibilities
A
B
1 Acids
Bases (Alkaline)
2 Metals
Corrosives
3 Alcohol / Water
Group 1/Hydrophoric
4 Reducers
Oxidizers
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5 Cyanides/Sulfides
Acids
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 32
Video - Chemical Properties
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 33
Spill, Leak and Fire Control
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 34
Personal Protective Equipment
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 35
Special Information
Special
handling
Special packaging
Disposal procedures
Environmental information
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 36
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training
DOT Hazard Classes and
Divisions
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Hazard Classes and Divisions
1 - Explosives
1.1 - Mass detonation
1.2 - Projectile
1.3 - Fire hazard
1.4 - No blast hazard
1.5 - Blasting agent
1.6 - Very insensitive
2 - Gases
2.1 - Flammable
2.2 - Non-flammable
2.3 - Poisonous
3 - Flammable liquid
3.1 - Flash point over 140 degrees
3.2 - Flash point less than 140
4 - Flammable Solids
4.1 - Flammable solid
4.2 - Spontaneous / Pyrophoric
4.3 - Dangerous when wet
5 - Oxidizers
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
5.1 - Oxidizers
5.2 - Organic peroxides
Unit 2 - 38
Hazard Classes and Divisions
6 - Poisons
6.1 - Poisons
6.2 - Infectious substances
7 - Radioactive
8 - Corrosives
9 - Miscellaneous
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 39
Summary
Physical
properties
Chemical properties
Common references
NA ERG
NIOSH
Pocket Guide
MSDS
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 40
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training
Activity 2.1
Assessing Physical and
Chemical Properties
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training
Module 2 Unit 3
Container Information
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Objectives
Identify
general shapes of containers
Identify important container markings
Suggest materials that might be stored in
containers
Discuss radiological materials packaging
Describe container stress and failures
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 43
Common Characteristics
Shape
Capacity
Pressures
Non-pressurized
(0-5 psi)
Low pressure (5-100 psi)
High pressure (100-3,000 psi)
Ultra-high pressure (over 3,000 psi)
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 44
Container Use
Fixed
Storage
Transportation
Highway
Rail
Intermodal
Pipeline
Portable
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 45
Construction and Standards
Various construction
materials
Non-ferrous
Ferrous
Alloys
Aluminum
Stainless steel
HSLA
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Standards
Rail Specification
Highway spec plate
DOT
Motor Carrier (MC)
Unit 2 - 46
Fixed Facility Containers
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 47
Non and Low Pressure Storage
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 48
Pressurized Storage
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 49
Specialty Fixed Containers
Telescoping
Cryogenic
Other
unique
containers exist
Planning is
essential
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 50
Highway Containers
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 51
Non-Pressurized (MC306/DOT406)
Common
use: Petroleum products, some
poisons
Construction: Mostly made of aluminum
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 52
Low Pressure (MC307/DOT407)
Use:
General purpose chemical tanker
Construction: Aluminum, SS or Steel
Might
be insulated
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 53
Corrosive Carrier (MC312/Dot412)
Use:
Heavy corrosive liquids
Construction: Black iron, SS or alloys
May
be specially lined
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 54
Pressurized (MC330 & MC331)
Use:
Liquefied compressed gases
Construction: Steel, HSLA
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 55
Cryogenic Carrier (MC338)
Use:
Ultra cold cryogenic liquids
Construction: Specialized with annular
space and unique venting characteristics
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 56
High Pressure Tube Trailers
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 57
Dry-Bulk Carrier (Non specification)
Use:
Hazardous and non-hazardous
powdered and granular materials
Pneumatically off-loaded
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 58
Intermodal Containers
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 59
Video - Containers
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 60
Rail Containers
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 61
General Rail Containers
Box
cars
Flat cars
Gondola cars
Hopper cars
Tank cars
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 62
Rail Tank Cars
Classifications
Non
pressurized (less than 100 psi)
Pressurized (greater than 100 psi)
Capacities
up to 31,500 gallons
Some are dedicated service (approx. 40)
Intermodal
TOFC
and COFC
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 63
Non-Pressurized
Use:
Liquids with low vapor pressures
Construction: No expansion dome
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 64
Non-Pressurized (with expansion dome)
Use:
Liquids with higher volatility
Construction: Expansion dome for vapors
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 65
Pressurized (Liquefied gas service)
Use:
Liquefied gas carrier
Construction: Protective dome, no
underside piping
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 66
Shipping Papers and Placards
Highway
shipping papers
Rail shipping papers
Marine (Dangerous cargo manifest)
Air (Air bill)
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 67
Non-Bulk Containers
Capacities
Less
than 119 gallons
Less than 1000 lbs..
water capacity
Types
Cylinders,
bags,
carboys
Drums, boxes, totes
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 68
Pipelines
May
be single or multi product lines
Use
of “pigs”
Specific gravity
Pipeline
markers
Safety features
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 69
Radiological Packaging
Special
Form
Normal
Low
specific activity
Type “A” packaging
Type “B” packaging
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 70
Summary - Container Information
Numerous
types of containers
General classifications
Container used is largely dependent upon
vapor pressure of the product
Shipping papers are essential
Radioactive packaging considerations
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 71
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training
Module 2 Unit 4
Container Assessment
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Objectives
Identify
three types of stressors
Understand the need for damage
assessment
Define BLEVE and its potential impact
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 73
Types of Container Stressors
Thermal
Chemical
Mechanical
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 74
Failures and Releases
Failures
Disintegration
Run-away cracking
Openings in closures
Punctures
Splits and tears
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Release Types
Detonation
Violent rupture
Rapid relief
Spill or leak
Unit 2 - 75
Container Damage Assessment
Very
risky operation
Goal is to identify “Critical Containers”
One
Items
in which catastrophic failure is possible
to consider
Pressure
Container
construction
Type of stressor
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 76
Critical Pressurized Containers
Mechanical
failures
Pressurized
tanks (e.g. MC330 and 331) do
tolerate dents well
Thermal
impacts
BLEVE
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 77
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training
Activity 2.2
Vulnerability Assessment
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training
Module 2 Unit 5
Assessing Vulnerabilities
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Vulnerability Assessment
Hazard Assessment
Vulnerability Assessment
Making
predictions
Spill
type implications
Environmental considerations
Impacts of physical properties
Obtaining
Technical Assistance
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 80
Summary
Observations
are essential
How
can the hazards effect responders?
What is around you that can be impacted?
What conduits are present to assist with the
materials movement?
Specialized
technical assistance may be
required
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 81
Florida Operational Level
Hazardous Materials Training Program
Unit 2 - 82