Transcript Slide 1
1791-1801 Washington/John Adams The election of 1800 Backcountry • Farmers Grew Corn and Turned it into Whiskey • In 1794 Congress passed a tax on whiskey sellers • Whiskey was used like cash for many farmers who would trade the whiskey for goods. • Summer of 1794 Farmers staged the Whiskey Rebellion in Western PA • They attacked and burned the home of the regional tax collector. Then, threatened an armed attack on Pittsburgh Hamilton and General Henry Lee • 13,000 troops led into Western PA • Rebellion dispersed • 20 accused leaders captured • Why was this defeat of the Whiskey Rebellion and its leaders so important? The French Revolution • On February 6 1778 the U.S. and France entered into a treaty. • In 1789 The French Revolution took place. • By 1793 Revolution had become very violent • King Louis the 16th and his Wife were executed that same Year. The French Revolution • What do you suppose the other countries in Europe did in regards to the French Revolution? • They felt it was a threat so France declared war on them. Spain, Britain, Holland The French Revolution • • • • • U.S. Remains Neutral British Trade too vital British Started Seizing our cargo ships French were upset with us. Why didn’t we get involved in the war? The Wars in Europe • Jay’s Treaty: Brits would pay for damages to seized ships, would leave the Ohio River Valley • Did not agree to leave fur trading on U.S. Canadian Border. Did not open the Caribbean to American Trade • People were angry with this treaty • Pickney’s Treaty: Right to travel freely on the Mississippi. U.S. goods could be stored in New Orleans without paying a customs duty • 31st Parallel Washington Retires • Washington sets yet another __________ by retiring after a two terms. • What are his reasons for doing this? • Unity behind Washington. Not Adams • Wrote his famous ________ _________ probably written by his right hand man ______ ___________ • Steer clear of foreign entanglements. • Was criticized for Jay’s Treaty and not _________ the French Revolution. Washington/Hamilton Political Differences • You don’t mess around with GW • Nobody seriously opposed him while he was president on anything. • Federalists and Democratic-Republicans Federalists • • • • • • Strong National Government Loose interpretation of the Constitution. Favored a national bank Economy based on trade with other countries Did not support French Revolution Hamilton, Adams, Washington (in everything but name) Democratic –Republicans • • • • • Weak National Government Strict interpretation of the Constitution No National Bank Agrarian economy Jefferson, Madison Election of 1796 John Adams Wins! • Problems • Under the Constitution Thomas Jefferson was his Vice President. What are some potential problems here? • France seized U.S. Ships. • Many Americans called for war with France. • Why was France T.O’d at us? France • Adams determined to maintain peace at all costs. • Sent Charles Pinckney, Elbridge Gerry, and John Jay to France to meet with the French minister of foreign affairs. XYZ Affair • Three foreign aides of Prince Tallyrand Mr. X, Mr. Y, and Mr. Z • Demanded loans to France and bribe for the French Foreign Minister Prince Tallyrand. Adams Responds • Starts to build up amry and the navy • “Millions for Defense, not one cent for tribute” • Money for the Armed Forces came from Congress • All treaties with France were voided • Americans started to employ privateers again. • By 1800 we had captured 86 French ships! Yay! Alien and Sedition Acts Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions Could decide which laws were _____________ issues and which could the Federal Government impose on the _____________ Nullification. Peace with France • Signed the Convention of 1800 with France • Adams resumed peace talks when fellow federalists wanted him to _______ to ______ • Signed agreements with ____________ the new __________ or France. • Even though he created peace. He lost the election of ______ to former friend ________ _____________. Alien and Sedition Acts • Target Aliens or __________ or ;folks that spoke out against the United States. • Citizenship waiting Period went from ___ to _____ years. • Outlawed sedition __________ Democratic – Republican Newspapers were jailed. • Federalists wanted to _____________ the opposition.