Transcript Prepaid Energy Meter using Smart Cards

Prepaid Energy Meter
using Smart Cards
Overview
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Efficient scheme of electricity billing
Functionality
Beneficial to consumers, power plant, revenue,
power sector reforms
General block diagram
POWER
SOURCE
UTILITY
CARD
MICRO
CONTROLLER
POWER
SWITCHING
SECTION
POWER
DESTINATON
The metering system
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Utilities and revenue system
Present electricity billing system
• Advantages and disadvantages
Present prepayment metering system
• Advantages and disadvantages
• Market scopes
Prepayment metering system
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Improved operational efficiencies
Reduced financial risks
Better customer service
Market drives:
Power sector reforms, Increasing non-technical
reforms, opportunities in markets
Market restraints:
Customer behavior, Initial investment, rapid tech
changes, uncertainty over success
Recent initiatives and plans
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South Africa and England
Malaysia, Thailand, Bangladesh, Singapore, Iran
West Bengal– Sundrebans
Tata power – in Delhi and Jamshedpur
Mumbai BEST service
US patents released
Present prepayment system
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Difficult to install and costly
No communication back to utility
No knowledge on consumption and tampering
info on utility
Smart cards
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Same size as a standard credit card
A microchip embedded in a plastic card to store
information
Latest silicon technology, does not require use of
batteries
The chip can be programmed to carry out specific
functions
Advantages & applications of smart cards
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Convenience, portability, capacity, durability,
security and ability to check forgery
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ID card, log card, garage card, hotel key card,
health care, vehicle id, banking, prepayment
electricity
The proposed system
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Use of prepayment system
Smart card usage
Communication with utility system
3-tier implementation
Supply management with added security
Advantages
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Reducing reading expenses
Bad debt collection
A/c transfer expenses & credit debt expenses
Greater awareness on consumers consumption
habits
Improved cash flow management
Large scale implementation
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User has a ID card
Gives money to ATM and gets the smart card
credited
Customer terminal and service terminal manage
electric supply and comm. With service
Utility services update with the data and
consumer behavior
Hardware Requirements
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AT89S51 µC
LCD Lampex 16ₓ2
SLE4442 smart card reader/writer, MAX 232
EEPROM AT24C256
Relay and Power supply
Optocoupler cosmo 2010 4N35
Meter and load
DB9 connector, resistors, capacitors and sip resistors
Software requirements
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Keil C compiler µVersion 3
µFlash
Orcad
Prepayment energy meter using smart card
Energy meter
Opto
coupler
Relay
Load
LCD
8051
microcontroller
MC
EEPROM
Power supply
Smart card
Reader/writer
Schematic diagram
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Port 1 is connected LCD
Port 3 is connected to EEPROM
Port 0 to relay
Smart card module is connected via DB9
connector and max232 to microcontroller
Meter is connected to load and optocoupler and
one end of load to relay.
Working
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The consumer inserts the pre-paid card in the
energy meter
The value in the card is transferred to the meter
and load is ON
The meter keeps track of the number of units
consumed as per the slab rate and updates it to the
controller via cosmo 2010
When the value in the card comes to electricity
supply is cut off
Conclusion
A better solution for utility management and
beneficial to consumers, power reforms and
market.
A prototype for customer terminal is
successfully constructed