Transcript Slide 1

A Brief History of the Extraordinary
Form of the Roman Rite
From Trent to
Summorum pontificum
Workshop at Kenrick-Glennon Seminary
17 September 2008
Daniel G. Van Slyke, S.T.L., Ph.D.
Outline
I.
II.
Liturgical Reform Following Trent
Subsequent Typical Editions of the
Missale Romanum
III. Revisions of the Divine Office
IV. Final Pre-Vatican II Liturgical
Books
V. Vatican II and the Revision of the
Roman Rite
VI. The Extraordinary Form Following
the Second Vatican Council
VII. Summorum Pontificum
I. Liturgical Reform Following Trent
• Council of Trent [1545-1563] took up
the subject of Mass books
• Left reform of the books to the pope
• Pope established a commission
• Guiding principles:
– More unity of practice
– Return to the pristina sanctorum
patrum norma
• Major revisions to the calendar
Tridentine Reforms
• 1568 Breviarum Romanum
• 1570 Missale Romanum
– Promulgated by Pope Pius V with
Quo primum
• 1588 Congregation of Rites
established by Pope Sixtus V
• 1596 Pontificale Romanum
• 1514 Rituale Romanum
II. Subsequent Typical Editions of the
Missale Romanum
•
•
•
•
Pope Clement VII (1604)
Pope Urban VIII (1634)
Pope Leo XIII (1884)
Pope Benedict XV (1920)
III. Revisions of the Divine Office
•
•
•
•
Pope Clement VIII (1592-1605)
Pope Urban VIII (1623-1644)
Pope St Pius X (1902-1914)
Pope John XXIII – breviary with
new code of rubrics in 1961
• 1971-1972, Liturgia horarum
IV. Final Pre-Vatican II Liturgical
Books
• 1962 Missale Romanum,
promulgated by Pope John XXIII
– Main change: St Joseph added to
the Canon
– Contains the rites of Holy Week
revised under Pius XII in the 1950s
– Confiteor repeated again before
communion is omitted
• 1952/3 Rituale Romanum
• 1961 Breviarum Romanum
• 1962 Pontificale Romanum
V. The Second Vatican Council and
the Revision of the Roman Rite
• Sacrosanctum concilium (4
December 1963)
• Sacram liturgiam (25 January
1964)
– Establishes Consilium ad
exsequendam Constitutionem de
Sacra Liturgia
The Missal Promulgated by Pope
Paul VI
• Ordo Missae [1969] + IGMR 1st
edition
• Missale Romanum, 1st typical
edition [1970] + IGMR 2nd
edition
– Paul VI, with the Constitution
Missale Romanum, promulgates
the revised Missal
– Paul VI does not abrogate the
1962 Missal (so BXVI is consistent
with the mind of the Church)
The Missal Promulgated by Pope
Paul VI (slide 2)
• IGMR 3rd edition [1972]
• Missale Romanum, 2nd typical edition
[1975] + IGMR 4th edition
– Major addition: two eucharistic prayers of
reconciliation, composed for the Holy Year 1975;
three eucharistic prayers for Masses with
children.
– IGMR 5th edition [2000]
• Missale Romanum, 3rd typical edition
[2002] + IGMR 5th edition rev.
– Major change: addition of more Eucharistic
prayers, so the total is now 13: Eucharistic
Prayers I-IV; two eucharistic prayers of
reconciliation; four eucharistic prayers for various
needs; three eucharistic prayers for Masses with
children
VI. The Extraordinary Form of the Roman
Rite Following the Second Vatican Council
•
•
1964, Una voce
1984, Quattuor abhinc annos
– Leaves granting of indult to say Mass
according to the 1963 Missal of Blessed John
XXIII
•
•
•
5 May 1988, Protocol between Cardinal
Ratzinger and Archbishop Marcel
Lefebvre
30 June 1988, Archbishop Lefebvre’s
schism – SSPX, Priestly Fraternity of St
Pius X
2 July 1988, Ecclesia Dei – Pope John
Paul II’s apostolic letter/motu proprio
– Establishes the Pontifical Commission
‘Ecclesia Dei’
VII. Summorum Pontificum
(7 July 2007)
• Two usages of the one
Roman Rite:
– Ordinary Form: Roman Missal
promulgated by Pope Paul VI
– Extraordinary Form: Roman
Missal promulgated by
Blessed John XXIII
• Roman Missal promulgated
by Bl. John XXIII in 1962 was
never abrogated
Summorum pontificum
 “Art. 2. In Masses celebrated without
the people, each Catholic priest of
the Latin rite, whether secular or
regular, may use the Roman Missal
published by Bl. Pope John XXIII in
1962, or the Roman Missal
promulgated by Pope Paul VI in
1970, and may do so on any day
with the exception of the Easter
Triduum. For such celebrations, with
either one Missal or the other, the
priest has no need for permission
from the Apostolic See or from his
Ordinary.”
The Meaning of “Extraordinary”
• First, something is extraordinary
if there is a grave (issue of death)
or urgent necessity
• Second, the law uses the term
“extraordinary” as an addition to,
or a complement to the “ordinary”
– E.g., an ordinary session of a
synod of bishops (can. 345);
extraordinary session of the synod
of bishops
– Subordinate to the ordinary
The Meaning of “Extraordinary”
• The motu proprio would is not
canonically an exception of the
law (can. 18), because an
exception to the law must be
interpreted narrowly.
• This is rather a “favorable” law.
– odia restringi et favores convenit
ampliari – burdens are to be
restricted, what is favorable is to be
amplified
Practical Questions Regarding
Summorum pontificum
• Does the motu proprio
provide that we can use the
MR1962 for the liturgy of
Good Friday?
– Yes: cui licet quod est plus, licet
utique quod est minus: “the one
who can do the greater can do the
lesser.”
Practical Questions Regarding
Summorum pontificum
•
Rubrical Laws
• Communion under both
species
• concelebration
•
Disciplinary Laws
What about confirmation?
• After 1973, to use the old form of the
confirmation one needed an indult
from the Holy See – it was seen as a
privilege, and therefore contra use.
• Did BXVI derogate from Paul VI’s
apostolic constitution? Divinae
Consortium Naturae (1971).
• According to can. 20, “a later law
derogates from a former law”
– BXVI did indeed derogate from Paul VI’s
legislation
– Therefore one can use the EF to
administer the sacrament of confirmation
One Mass on Sunday?
 The mp provides for the parish
celebration of the Mass in the
EF, but limits it to one Mass on
Sunday
 The law is not retroactive (can. 9)
– If the parish had numerous
celebrations of the EF Mass before
the motu proprio, it may continue
do so after the motu proprio
The People of God
• It is not for the pastor to
introduce this; it is to come from
the people of God
• The people should manifest a
spiritual desire that they believe
they can worship God more
fittingly, more effectively, via the
EF
• A spiritual good
The Priest’s Responsibility
•
There must be adequate
liturgical formation for the
priest and sufficient
knowledge of Latin, so Mass
is offered well, reverently,
and according to the law
FINIS