Check lists & Course evaluation

Sergio Pizziconi

Plan of the day - Review

SURVEY https://it.surveymonkey.com/s/ABCCSITA

- A portfolio checklist - Structure of the paper

Plan EXTRA-CLASS work: Keep working on your project.

Complete your portfolios.

Review: Phonology 1

Vowels: exercises from /i/ to /a/ and from /u/ to / ɒ / (lowering your jaw) from /i/ to /u/ mind driven; puff of air (see IPA chart). // Where accent falls is relevant: 1) OBject (n.) – obJECT (v.), 2) if lost, stress the first syllable, you’re likely to sound right. // Stress movement shortens/weakens previously stressed vowels (also in writing): proNOUNce  pronunCIAtion //

This Miss

/s/ unvoiced

These Ms.

/z/ voiced// “gh” mute (

though, thought

) OR /f/ (

rough, tough

)

Review: Phonology 2

SOURCE:

CONSONANTS

References

……..

……..

CONSONANTS =

Table of English consonants

, retrieved URL: https://www.llas.ac.uk/materialsbank/mb081/page_07.htm (accessed May 14, 2014).

……...

Review: Morphology 1

IRREGULAR VERBS: choose – chose – chosen; seek – sought – sought; Grow - ????? - ??????; Show- ????? - ??????; Know - ????? - ??????

[report the paradigm of irregular verbs you write in your maps] ADJ+

ly

 ADV; N+

ly

 ADJ // V+

er

 N(s.o./s.t. does V) // To+N(and most words)  V (google  to google; wow  to wow) // V + ance/ence  N (differ+ence, perfom+ance) //

Help+less

Adj+ en  V (to make s.o./s.t Adj) // antonym

help+ful

// WRONG:

I want to show the differents between BMW and FIAT

RIGHT?????

Adj(max2syll.) + er Adj(max2syll.) + est  BUT: good  Adj (comparative: more Adj) Adj (superlative: most Adj) – better – best; bad – worse – worst // Singular: Thesis, Analysis, Hypothesis, Axis /s/ unvoiced Plural: Theses, Analyses, Hypotheses Axes /z/ voiced // Datum (sing.) Data (pl.) Criterion, phenomenon (sing.) Criteria, phenomena (pl.)

Review: Morphology 2 Personal Pr.

subject I you he she it we you (all) they Sets of personal pronouns and possessive Personal Pr.

Non

me you him her it us

subject

you (all) them Reflexive myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves Possessive Adjectives my

your

his her its our your their Possessive Pronouns mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs

who whom

My Your His Her Its Our Your Their Luke’s

Review: Morphology 3

Possessive car is affordable mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs is expensive Tony’s

• •

Review: Morphology 4

Verb tenses 1 Past (simple)

I go to school tomorrow I go to school everyday

Non-past: present (simple)

In 1776 the USA declare their independence

NOW Past Non-Past

Try to be as consistent as possible!

• •

Review: Morphology 5

Verb tenses 2 Past (simple) Futurity:

I go to school tomorrow

Non-past: present (simple)

I am going to school tomorrow I’m going to go to school tomorrow I will go to school tomorrow

NOW Past Non-Past

• •

Review: Morphology 6

Past (simple) Tense-aspect 3 They usually refer to a habitual action: Non-past: present (simple)

I go to school

[as my main activity To remark habits in the past:

I used to go to school last year

today]

I went to school last year

[as my main activity then]

I would go to school everyday

NOW Past Non-Past

• •

Review: Morphology 7

Tense-aspect 4 Simple Habitual process Continuous/Progressive On-going process:

To be + V-ing

Their price is decreas ing When I bought the shares, their price was decreas ing Their price will be decreas ing

NOW

• • •

Review: Morphology 8

Tense-aspect 5 Simple Perfect Habitual process Continuous/Progressive On-going:

To be + V-ing

Some link with ensuing time:

To have + V-ed

I have start ed this project two weeks ago The deadline was yesterday but I had start ed the project two months ago

NOW

When you will be back, they will have the project finish ed

• • •

Review: Morphology 9

Tense-aspect 6 Simple Perfect Habitual process Continuous/Progressive On-going:

To be + V-ing

Some link with ensuing time:

To have + V-ed

I have start ed this project two weeks ago The deadline was yesterday but I had start ed the project two months ago

NOW

When you will be back, they will have the project finish ed I started the project two months ago because the deadline was yesterday

•

Review: Morphology 10

Duration form 7 Simple Habitual process • Continuous/Progressive On-going:

To be + V-ing

• Perfect Some link with ensuing time:

To have + V-ed

• Perfect continuous Some link with present and on-going :

To have + BEEN + V-ing

I have been I have been work ing work ing on this project

for

four weeks on this project

since

last month (2013)

NOW

BUT

: I have known you all since March 10 th

OR:

M&M’s has been in the market for a long time

• • • •

Review: Morphology 11

Relative Pronouns

Who/whom

for people

That

(restrictive)

Which

(non-restrictive)

Whose

possessive –

Skoda, whose previous Unique SELLING Proposition was very low price cars, decided to be more aggressive

– NOT FOR SUBMISSION write a sentence using

whose

Review: Syntax 1

Avoid breaking the S-V connection with a subordinate clause (different from a relative clause) {See example in the next slide} Verbs: transitive Vs. intransitive (Direct object, Indirect object, Oblique object)// passive Vs. active (mentioned)// AUXILIARY verb for the perfect tenses (actually, aspect) ALWAYS

to have (

e.g.,

Things have changed)

BUT: passive voice (e.g.,

Rules were changed by the CEO

) or few constructions (e.g.,

are you finished?)

// Phrasal verbs. Verb+ ADV or Prep. To bring about = to cause, to engender (causare, determinare) // Typical declarative sentence structure: Typical negative: Subject +

Subj + Verb

do/does/did

+…..

+ not+ V(base form) Typical question:

Do/Does/Did

+ Subject + V(base form) N.B. When some sort of auxiliary is already in the sentence USE IT instead of adding

to do

Emphatic statement Subj +

do/does/did

+V(base form) //

What brings about unemployement?

(

what

= SUBJECT)

What does unemployment bring about?

(

what

= ????) WRONG: I’m interesting in fashion RIGHT: ????

Review: Syntax 1bis

Avoid breaking the S-V connection with a subordinate clause (different from a relative clause) {See example in the next slide}

AVOID THIS

:

ASOS, by implementing new technological devices, reduced resistance to online purchases.

Move the subordinate either before or after the “main” clause:

By implementing new technological devices, ASOS reduced resistances to online purchases.

ASOS reduced resistances to online purchases by implementing new technological devices.

But you can have a relative clause:

ASOS, which has improved its web-site, succeeded in overcoming resistances to online purchases.

Review: Syntax 2

Skoda is…, Italy/France/Japan is

… [WITHOUT article] BUT

The United States of America, The United Kingdom, The Netherlands //

Once upon a time there was a small village in the country. The village was… In light of (mainly US) In the light of (mainly UK) [see FOEs for possessive case and article]// TRANSITIVE: N.B.:

to lie to raise

INTRANSITIVE:

to rise

(

raised – raised

);

to lay

(

rose – risen

);

to lie

(

laid

(

lay – laid

)

– lain

) ( (to say something untrue) (

lied – lied

) (

lying

)

lying

)

Review: Syntax 3

Modal verbs: can, may, will, shall, must, could, might, would, should + BARE INFINITIVE (without

to

) Interrogative: MODAL + Subj + BARE INFINITIVE (must I go?) Negative: Subj + MODAL +

not cannot go

+ BARE INFINITE ( OR

I can’t go, I won’t go

)

I mustn ’t go, I

They do not take WRONG WRONG

to

before or after:

To may, to must, to could… I can to go, you may to

They do not take –s for 3° person singular WRONG

talk…

WRONG WRONG

he cans do, she mays do…

WRONG They have no tense it ’s a matter of distance from reality:

Next year, I am/will be/can be/ may be/could be/might be in the UK I want TO focus/analyze I would like TO focus/analyze

Circumstances Review: syntax 4

Links within the text Why?

On what condition?

S (D.O.) (I.O.)

V

(Att)

How?

Where?

When?

Textual markers

About the relation between interlocutors General structure of the sentence

Review: Syntax 5

• • What sentence constituent is the underlined subordinate clause replacing?

– I think (that) you can do excellent projects D.O. replacing subordinate clause – Io penso che … – Can you replace “that” (“che”) with “which” (“il/la/i/le quale/i”)?

What’s the difference between the two uses of “honestly” below?

Discourse – Honestly , I don’t think you can win the game Marker – I don’t think you can honestly win the game (relation to interlocutors) Vs.

Circumstance

Review: Syntax 6

A Main Clause with a Noun Phrase A relative pronoun

Basic relative clauses We have already sold

the books that A clause with a missing element

we received

XXXX

yesterday

A Main Clause with a Noun Phrase A relative pronoun A clause with a missing element

We have already sold

the books that XXXX

were delivered yesterday

•

Review: Syntax 7

Omitted relative pronoun: Other details about relative clauses – From AMWAY: These distributors sell to people [that/whom] they know or meet.

• Whiz (omitted

which

and auxiliary

to be

): – From BIC: Most large companies produce a variety of goods and services XXX XXX [which are] designed to meet customers’ needs… • Fused relative pronoun: – From BIC: This case study shows how [the way in which] BIC understands product life cycles

Review: Syntax 8

Restrictive Vs Non-restrictive • Try to figure out what the pair below has to do with relative clauses: Restrictive Vs Non-restrictive

The car that is parked in front of the department is mine My car, which is parked in front of the department, is a FIAT

Review: Syntax 9

Conditional sentences

If/when I (get to) know it, I (will) say it to you If I knew it, I would say it to you If I had known it, I would have said it to you

Negative infinitive and ing-form

To go is your best choice NOT TO go is your best choice Developing the product is a risk NOT developing the product is a higher risk

Review: Pragmatics 1/1

Do not pick on students or class fellows. //“See you later.”// Language varies across jobs. //Think it over before saying “No, this is wrong” Recommended: “Very interesting point/question. Let me point out though that…” or some sort of hedging (softening expression). // How is it going? How (are) you doing? What’s up? Wassup? Sup?  It’s always Good.// Expectation of truthful statement. // Lag time between turns: When asking for questions, wait for a longer time.// Greetings (see next slide)// FORMAL: Dr. Pizziconi, your course is interesting [NOT: his/her].

INFORMAL: Sergio, your course is interesting. {“On a first name basis” “May I call you Sergio?”}.

Review: Pragmatics (Appendix)

Pragmatics:

Informal Formal

Greetings Intro “ Sup?

Wassup?

What’s up?

How you doing?

How is it going?

How are you doing ?

Good morning/afternoon/e vening Parting after first meeting (very) nice/glad/pleased to meet you!

How do you do?

(very) nice/glad/pleased meeting you!

Review: Tools 1/1

Tools: www.thefreedictionary.com

Also, the financial and legal dictionaries within and the Idioms section. // Check for the frequency of sentences googling them in quotes “……..” // Semantics of prototypes // Google advanced search: with

pdf

and site:

.edu

.ac.edu

(UK universities) (US universities) or SUNECO

’s

library

’s

link to “online sources” (Open access journals)

-

FOEs 1

Information (uncountable:

much information informations ,

NOT

an information

) NOT

many

- Economy Vs Economics - Security (against criminal actions) Vs Safety (against dangerous actions) Across (time, space whether real or abstract) Vs Through (space; means/tool) - Frequent (a bar, a restaurant) Vs attend (a course/program/school) - I study English Vs I study

the

English language -

Aim/Attempt at

(+ N; V-

ing

) OR

to

(+ V-base form)

- A

+ consonant sound! OR pronounced

h : a house, a university An +

vowel sound! OR mute

h

:

an unpredictable even, an hour.

Principal

(of a secondary school),

head, chair

(of a Department),

dean

(of a college)

president

(of a university)

-

FOEs 2

I’m graduated FROM Aversa high school I graduated FROM/AT Aversa high school - Such as (listing examples) as (in the function of) - Comparison and manner: As (+entire clause) like (+noun) Wal-Mart is one of the largest employers in the US. In fact it’s the largest (  A dire il vero) Industry usually means productive sector.

Plant, factory

(are the words for the place where things are manufactured) - When a word is not used because of its meaning but as a word to be dealt with, mark it somehow: The verb

can

expresses…; The verb “can” expresses…; The verb can expresses - Matricola (the person) = freshman/freshmen - Matricola (the number) = Student ID number

FOEs 3

• • • • What’s wrong in the sentence below?

– WRONG

Is more correct to use “may” to mean permission

.

• You need a subject!

Io sono d’accordo  I agree with+N/ to +Vbase form (clause)…. [NOT: I am agree] A Facebook page is/isn’t useful to keep in touch [ NOT for to keep in touch ] Possessive case: The doctor’s house Vs X Dr. Smith’s house The consumer’s choice Vs The consumers’ choice BUT The child’s toy Vs The children’s toy BUT X Giordano’s book Vs The Giordano book

• • • • • • • • •

FOEs 4 (charts)

Fall – fell – fallen WRONG: his trend is regular RIGHT: ????

ITA: media  ENG: mean (on average) Price varies according to volume WRONG: It is steadily for the first part RIGHT: It is steady. It levels steadily. It is steadily high.

WRONG: After there is a slowly fall RIGHT: ????

WRONG: Before it varies RIGHT: ????

PREPOSITIONS ON May 23rd IN June April DURING the month May June AT the end of June

FOEs 5

One – first 1 st Two – second 2 nd Three – third 3 rd Four – fourth 4 th …… Twenty one – Twenty first 21 st Twenty two – Twenty second 22 nd Twenty third – Twenty third 23 rd Twenty four – Twenty fourth 24 th …. Thirty one – Thirty first 31 st …..

FOEs 6

To enter If it refers to s.o. or s.t. that moves into a place,

to enter

is transitive and the place is the DIR.OBJ. without preposition:

A company enters the market

But if it has other specific meanings: Therefore, McDonald’s Restaurant Managers need to ensure that the data [that] they enter [data] into the system is as accurate as possible.

Relative clause Dir.Obj.

• • • GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT MARKETING DOMESTICALLY DOMESTIC FLIGHTS

Review: Acconto: Down-payment or Advance payment?

• • I would like

our extended community of knowledge to solve

the issue.

Let’s state the issue by looking at the definitions of the two English words in the financial dictionary.

• • The conclusion might also be along the lines:

From a logical/semantic point of view, we should not use “advance payment”. However, language use is different in this specific domain.

• • • • • • • •

Portfolio’s checklist

Portfolio

. At the end of the course you will be asked to submit your portfolio which will comprise at least the following material: Exercises and reports of the

in-class activities

with my comments and initials (at least

: 60%

of all the exercises/reports you will be requested in class) Texts generated for your

project slides for a presentation

) (at least:

abstract/proposal, final paper, A lexicon

structured according to your own organizing criteria (mandatory)

Your curriculum vitae

(

mandatory

)

Two cover/application letters

: one for a corporate position, the other for a graduate program abroad (

at least one

)

A statement of goals for a graduate program, such as an MBA

(Master’s degree in Business Administration) (

mandatory

)

A table of contents and commentary

(at least 400 words maximum 800) on the material included in your portfolio (

mandatory

)

Statement of goals

• • • 100 is the total number of bits of information you write 80 must talk about your future 20 must talk about your past and present • The difficulty is to avoid granted and naïve rhetoric (i.e., “My favorite colors are Green, White and Red because they are the colors of our flag”

•

Paper outline & Presentation slides draft

The blocks I expect in your projects – – – – – – – – Introduction Literature review Hypothesis/es OR research question/s (Methodology) Data/results Discussion Conclusion References Title and your name Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx

Passive 1

• Bush decreases gas price • Gas price was decreased • Obama decreases gas price

The biased intransitive solution

• Gas price decreases

Passive 2

It

was reported

to Dr. Smith and me that doors are still

being left

unlocked. Please, make sure you’re locking up after yourselves. You can also help Dr. Smith and me by keeping your eyes open for unlocked doors in unattended rooms – lock them up or let someone in the main office know so we can lock up.

Why do we need the passive voice here?

NOT FOR SUBMISSION: Re-write the first sentence turning both verbs into the active voice.

Passive 3 Mr/Mrs Green OR Somebody reported to Dr. Smith and me that Mr/Mrs White OR somebody is still leaving doors unlocked……

It

was reported

to Dr. Smith and me that doors are still

being left

unlocked. Please, make sure you’re locking up after yourselves. You can also help Dr. Smith and me by keeping your eyes open for unlocked doors in unattended rooms – lock them up or let someone in the main office know so we can lock up.

Passive 4

UPDATE: Sexual Assault Reported on Campus Commerce, TEXAS (March 24, 2011)- After a comprehensive and thorough investigation into the sexual assault reported on March 8, the University Police Department has determined that the report was false and the described assault did not occur. While all reports are taken seriously, the university community is urged to remember that false reports carry a penalty under Texas State Law. Although this assault did not occur we continue to encourage the university community to use standard precautions when walking across campus at night, to travel in pairs and report any suspicious behavior to the University PD at 903-886-5868.

Passive 5

UPDATE: Sexual Assault Reported on Campus Commerce, TEXAS (March 24, 2011)- After a comprehensive and thorough investigation into the sexual assault

[which was] reported

on March 8, the University Police Department has determined that the report was false and the described assault did not occur. While all reports

are taken

seriously, the university community

is urged

to remember that false reports carry a penalty under Texas State Law. NOT FOR SUBMISSION: Re-write the two sentences turning the three verbs into the active voice.

Why do we need the passive voice here? {explain the two reasons}

Terminology activity

The completed map MUST be in your portfolio

Same structure/similar terms Different structure/Transparent terms

Either “Bank operations” Or “Export-Import activities”

Same structure/different terms Different structure/Opaque terms

MUSTs & MUST-NOTs

• • • MINIMUM MUSTs MUST rephrase MUST cite sources MUST circumscribe your scope • • • MINIMUM MUST-NOTs MUST NOT copy and paste MUST NOT hide sources MUST NOT write your paper in the slides • MUSTs for “GOOD/HARD WORK” assessment MUST-NOTs for “GOOD/HARD WORK” assessment MUST carry out YOUR OWN analysis • MUST NOT just repeat what other scholars wrote