Transcript Document

Muslims
in World Civilization
Topics
• Cities
• Optics
• Scholarship
• Mathematics
• Zoology
• Medicine
• Astronomy
• Literature
• Irrigation
• Arts
• Geography
• Games
Cities & Architecture
• Baghdad: center of
trade & learning
• Cairo: university
• Cordoba: largest
city in the west
• Mosques: place of
worship
Scholarship & Learning
• Schools & libraries
• House of Wisdom
• Translated Greek
books into Arabic
• Philosophy &
religion compared
reason & revelation
Zoology
• Dissection & anatomy of
animals
• Al-Jahiz: animals adapt
to their environment
(evolution)
• Al-Damiri: encyclopedia
• Zoos
Astronomy
• Mapped the stars
• Improved the
astrolabe
• Rotation of the earth
• Sun-centered
universe
Irrigation Technology
• Underground well
• Underground aqueduct
• Waterwheel to pump water
Geography
Al-Biruni used
latitude &
longitude to
measure the
earth.
He theorized that
the earth spins
on its axis.
• Map making
• Travel writing
• Calculated the
circumference
of the earth
Optics
Al-Haitham
built a
pinhole
camera to
model the
eye.
• Mirrors for reflection
& refraction
• Structure of the eye
• Eye surgery
• Early lenses
Mathematics
Al-Kwarizmi:
• Zero
• Arabic (Indian)
numbers
• Long division
• Algebra
Al-Battani:
• Trig: ratios of
triangles
Al-Kwarizmi
Medicine
• Hospitals
• Medical textbooks
• Studied diseases
• Surgery
• Stitches
• Casts
• Pharmacies:
Al-Razi: “Allah has
provided a cure for
every disease.”
– Antiseptics
– Anesthesia
Some Famous Doctors
• Al-Razi studied how disease is
spread by contact.
• Al-Zahrawi invented surgical
instruments.
• Ibn Sina wrote The Canon of
Medicine.
Literature
• Paper making
• Book making
• Poetry by Khayyam,
Rumi
• Metaphor and imagery
• Stories
Arts
• Geometric patterns
• Fine textiles
• Arabesque florals
• Guitar
• Calligraphy
Games
• Chess
• Backgammon
• Polo