Transcript Subpart R: Scope 1926.750

Subpart R: Standard
Overview
1926.750
Key Provisions Of The
Revised Subpart R Standard
• Requires fall protection at 15 feet
– Exception: Connecting and Decking Zone
• Includes a Multiple Lift Rigging Procedure for
up to five structural members
• Requires that shear connectors be installed
after the structural member is erected
• Requires that decking holes and openings not
be cut until essential to the construction
process
• Requires a minimum of four anchor rods
(anchor bolts) on all columns
Key Provisions Of The
Revised Subpart Standard
(cont)
• Requires controlling contractors to notify steel
erectors of repairs or modifications to anchor
rods (anchor bolts)
• Addresses “double connections,” installation of
steel joists, and landing of loads to avoid
collapses during steel erection
• Addresses slippery surfaces on beams and
decking
• Contains a separate section on Systems
Engineered Buildings
Phase-In of Certain
Requirements
• Building
Construction:
– Building Permit
obtained prior to
January 18, 2001
– Where Steel
Erection began on
or before
September 16,
2001
• Bridge Construction:
– Bridge Project has
a contract date
before January
18, 2001
– Steel Erection
began before
September 16,
2001
Key Provisions Of The
Revised Subpart R Standard
• Requires controlling contractors to
provide adequate site access and
adequate storage space to the steel
erector
• Requires a stabilizer plate on columns
for tie joist (TJ) and joist girders to
provide an attachment point for guying
or plumbing up of cables
• Provides guidelines for a nonmandatory site specific erection plan
Key Provisions Of The
Revised Subpart R Standard
• Requires fall protection training for all
employees exposed to fall hazards
• Allows a Controlled Decking Zone for
decking installations at heights of 15-30
feet
• Requires controlling contractor to
provide overhead protection or not
allow construction underneath steel
erection activities
Subpart R - Final Rule
• The Steel Erection Rule was published on
January 18, 2001.
• Effective date January 18, 2002
1926.750
Scope:
• This subpart sets forth requirements to protect
employees from the hazards associated with
steel erection activities involved in:
– Construction, alteration, and/or repair of
single and multi-story buildings, bridges,
and other structures where steel erection
occurs.
Single story building
Multi-story building
Bridge construction
1926.750
Scope and Application (cont)
• Application:
– Hoisting
– Connecting
– Welding
– Guying/Bracing
– Bolting
– Plumbing/Rigging
– Steel joists and
metal buildings
– Installing metal
deck, curtain
walls, window
walls, siding
systems
– Miscellaneous
metals
– Ornamental iron
– Similar metals
– Moving point to
point
Scope (cont.)
Does not include:
• Electrical transmission
towers,
• communication and
broadcast towers,
• Tanks
Ironworker using rope grabs to
make tower connection.
Duties of Controlling
Contractor under this
subpart
• Written notification to the steel erector:
– Concrete in piers/walls is cured re ASTM
spec
– Modifications/repairs to anchor bolts
approved by project engineer (.752(a);
.755(b))
• Adequate on-site access roads (.752(c))
• Preclude work below steel erection unless
there is overhead protection (.759(b))
• Choose whether to accept responsibility for
maintaining fall protection equipment left by
steel erector (otherwise must be removed)
(.760(e))
1926.752 Site Layout, Erection
Plan and Construction Sequence
• Approval to begin steel erection:
– Curing of concrete 752(a)
– Repairs/modifications to anchor bolts 755(b)
• Site layout
– Adequate roads into and through the site 752(c)(1)
– Adequate space for the safe storage of materials
752(c)(2)
• Pre-plan hoisting operations 753(d)
• Modifications made to site-specific plan if equivalent
protection is provided.
Safety latches on hooks activated 753(c)(5)
Landing decking on steel joists (.757(e)(4))
§1926.750 (c) Specific
Controlling Contractor Duties
• Written notification to the steel erector:
– Concrete in piers/walls is cured re: ASTM spec
– Anchor belt modifications/repairs approved by
project engineer (.752(a) and .755(b)
§1926.750(c) Specific
Controlling Contractor Duties
• Adequate on-site
access roads [.752(c)]
Before and after photos
§1926.750(c) Specific
Controlling Contractor Duties
• Preclude work below steel erection unless
there is overhead protection [.759(b)]
• Choose whether to accept responsibility for
maintaining fall protection equipment left
by erector (otherwise it must be removed)
[.760(e)]
Competent Person
• Means one who is capable of identifying
existing and predictable hazards in the
surroundings or working conditions
which are unsanitary, hazardous, or
dangerous to employees, and who has
authorization to take prompt corrective
measures to eliminate them.
Connector
• An employee who, working with
hoisting equipment, is placing and
connecting structural members and/or
components.
Controlling Contractor
• Means a prime contractor, general
contractor, construction manager or
any other legal entity which has the
overall responsibility for the
construction of the project -- its
planning, quality and completion.
Qualified person
• One who, by possession of a
recognized degree, certificate, or
professional standing, or who by
extensive knowledge, training, and
experience, has successfully
demonstrated the ability to solve or
resolve problems relating to the
subject matter, the work, or the
project.
Shear Connector
• Headed steel studs, steel bars, steel
lugs, and similar devices which are
attached to a structural member for the
purpose of achieving composite action
with concrete.
Site-Specific Erection
Plan
• Requires pre-planning of key erection
elements, including coordination with
controlling contractor before erection
begins, in certain circumstances.
Steel Erection
• Construction, alteration or repair of
steel buildings, bridges and other
structures, including the installation of
metal decking and all planking used
during the process of erection.
§1926.752 Site Layout, Erection
Plan and Construction Sequence
• Certification of:
– Proper curing of
concrete in footings,
piers, etc. for steel
columns
– Anchor bolt repairs,
modifications
• Pre-plan hoisting
operations
1926.753 Hoisting and
Rigging
• Provisions of 1926.550 apply to hoisting and
rigging (except 1926.550(g)(2) (note: OSHA
adopted 1994 ANSI B-30.5 for subpart R only)
• Pre-shift visual inspections of cranes 753(c)
• Working under loads 753(d)
• Multiple lift rigging procedures 753(e)
– Maximum of five members hoisted
– Only beams and similar structural members
lifted
– Employees trained in accordance with
761(c)(1)
– No lift if contrary to manufacturer’s
specifications and limitations
Multiple lift rigging (cont)
– Rigging must be specifically designed with a
5 to 1 safety factor
– Multiple lift rigging assembly must be rigged
with members at their center of gravity and
maintained reasonably level
– Rigged from top to bottom and rigged at
least 7 feet apart
– Members must be set from the bottom up
1926.754 Structural Steel
Assembly
• Provides specific work practices for:
– Maintaining structural stability 754(b)
– Landing deck bundles 757(e)(4)
– Minimizing fall hazards in interior openings
754(b)(3)
• Walking/working surface requirements:
– Tripping hazards: shear connectors (and
similar projections) generally prohibited
until decking is down 754(c)(1)(ii)
– Slip resistance: criteria for painted
structural steel members (effective 5 years
after the rest of standard) 754(c)(3)
Structural Steel (cont)
• Roof and floor holes and openings:
– Framed metal deck openings must have
structural members turned down to allow
for continuous deck installation
– Elevator shafts, stair wells, etc., must be
decked over or employees must be
protected in accordance with 760(a)(1)
– Metal decking holes and openings must not
be cut until immediately prior to being
permanently filled
– Gaps around columns must be covered
Structural Steel (cont)
• Metal decking:
– Metal decking must be laid tightly and
secured immediately upon placement
except as provided in 760(c)
– Derrick floor must be decked and/or
planked and the steel member connections
completed to support the intended load
– Loads placed on the derrick floor must be
distributed over the underlying support
members to prevent local overloading
§1926.754 Structural Steel Assembly
Covers for floor or roof
openings shall be secured
and marked with the word
HOLE or COVER
No securement or marking to indicate
the opening.
Cover marked and secured
Derrick Floor Diagram
1926.755 Column Anchorage
• Minimum of 4 anchor rods (anchor bolts)
• Set on level finished floor, pre-grouted leveling
plates, leveling nuts, or shim packs
• Competent person will determine whether
guying or bracing is needed
• Engineer of record will approve all
repairs/replacements or modifications of
anchor rods (anchor bolts)
1926.755 Column Anchorage
Column would not
align with the j-bolts
so the steel erector
cut holes and welded
tabs to hold column.
1926.756 Beams and
Columns
• Two bolts per connection prior to releasing
hoisting line (competent person will determine
if more than two are needed)
• Diagonal bracing (solid web) will be secured
by at least one bolt per connection
• Safe procedures/devices for making double
connections at columns
• Requirements to facilitate quick installation of
perimeter safety cables:
– Column attachments or holes in columns for
perimeter safety cables
– Column splice height and strength specified
§1926.756 Beams and Columns
One bolt is installed
wrench tight.Two
will be installed.
The spud
wrench holds the
beam until the
other connector can
make his
initial connection.
§1926.756 Beams and Columns
• Requires one bolt to
remain connected for
double connections
unless seat or
equivalent used
• Seats for double
connections shall be
designed for the load
during the double
connection process
1926.757 Open Web Steel
Joists
• Addresses proper joist end attachment,
erection procedures
– General requirements for the erection of
steel joists
– Stabilization of joists (vertical stabilizer
plate)
– Holes in joists/bolting required for joists in
40’+ bays
• Requirements for landing and placing loads on
joists
• Some requirements may be modified through
a site-specific erection plan
§1926.757 Open Web Steel Joists
• Hoisting cables not be
released until field
bolted.
• A vertical stabilizer
plate required for each
column for steel joists.
Workers making initial connection
from two arial lifts.
1926.758 System-Engineered
Metal Buildings
• All requirements of this subpart apply to
erection except 755 (column anchorage) and
757 (open web steel joists)
• Minimum of 4 anchor rods (anchor bolts) for
structural columns
• Rigid frames will have 50 percent of their bolts
or the number of bolts specified by the
manufacturer (which ever is greater) installed
and tightened before the hoisting equipment is
released
System-Engineered Metal
Buildings (cont)
• Loads being placed on structural steel prior to
bolting or welding
• Girt and eave strut-to-frame connections
• Steel joists/cold-formed joists
• Using purlins as walking/working surfaces
• Load placement within 8 feet of support
member
1926.759 Falling Object
Protection
• Secure loose items aloft
• Controlling contractor to bar other operations
below steel erection unless falling object
protection provided
§1926.759 Falling Object Protection (does
not apply to materials being hoisted)
Ironworkers have material secured
in aerial lift
1926.760 Fall Protection
• All must be protected at heights greater than
2 stories or 30 feet, including connectors and
deckers
• Between 15 and 30 feet: Fall protection
required for all with exceptions for:
– Deckers in controlled decking zone (CDZ)
and
– Connectors
• Connectors must be provided and wear
equipment necessary to be able to be
tied-off, or be provided with other means
of fall protection
1926.760 Fall Protection
(cont.)
• Controlled decking zone:
– Max Dimensions 90’ by 90’
– For leading edge decking work
• limited access
• designated boundaries by control lines
• Work practices for attaching deck:
– install safety attachments from leading
edge back
– no final attachments allowed in CDZ
– up to 3000 SF of unsecured decking
• specific training requirements
1926.760 Fall Protection
(cont.)
• Perimeter cables required
– Must be installed “as soon as the metal
decking has been installed”
• Custody of Fall Protection Equipment:
– Controlling contractor must choose to
either:
• accept responsibility for maintaining fall
protection equipment left by erector,
• OR ensure that it is removed (.760(e))
§1926.760 Fall Protection
Ironworker using
the
“beemer”system
of fall arrest.
§1926.760 Fall Protection (cont.)
.
• Guardrails and nets used at opening in back
• Note: ladder not long enough
§1926.761 Training
• Qualified person to
train workers in use &
operation of fall
protection equipment
• Qualified person to
train workers engaged
in specific activities:
– “christmas-treeing
– connecting
– CDZ procedures
OSHA’s Web Site
• The complete standard can be obtained
from our web site at www.osha.gov.
Appendices
• A-Guidelines for site-specific erection plan
(NM)
• B-Slip-resistance test methods (NM)
• C-Illustrations of bridging terminus points
(NM)
• D-Control lines for controlled decking zones
(NM)
Appendices
•
•
•
•
E-Training compliance (NM)
F-Perimeter safety cables (NM)
G-Fall protection system criteria (M)
H-Double connection illustrations (NM)
The End
Adequate roads for safe
delivery of cranes
Adequate space for storage
of materials
Pre shift visual inspections of
cranes
Multiple lift rigging
Multiple lift rigging
Shear connector
Framed metal deck openings
Must be turned down to
allow
continuous deck
installation
except where not
allowed by
structural design.
Safety deck attachment
System-Engineered Metal
Buildings
Minimum of four
anchor
rods (anchor
bolts)
for structural
columns
Shim Packs
Field modification of
anchor rod
Two bolts per connection
Diagonal bracing
Solid web structural
members
used as diagonal
bracing must
be secured by at least
one bolt
per connection drawn
up
wrench tight or the
equivalent
as specified by the
project’s
structural engineer on
record.
Column attachments for
safety cable
Column splice
Vertical stabilizer plate
Bolted joists
Systems-Engineered Metal
Buildings
Rigid frames will have
50%
of their bolts or the
number of
bolts specified by the
manufacturer (whichever
is
greater) installed and
tightened before the
hoisting
equipment is released
Construction load
Girt and eave strut-to-frame
connections
Falling object protection
Secure all loose items
aloft
Controlled Decking Zone
(CDZ)
Connector