Transcript Slide 1
Film History Week 11 Dr. Lavery •The Sixties Explosion Nouvelle vague/New Wave Resnais | Camus | Rohmer | Godard | Malle | Truffaut Alain Resnais (1922- ) •Last Year at Marienbad •Hiroshima, Mon Amour French Marcel Camus (1912-1982) •Black Orpheus French Éric Rohmer(1920- ) La Collectionneuse (The Collector) Ma Nuit chez Maud (My Night with Maud) Le Genou de Claire (Claire's Knee) L'Amour l'après-midi (Chloe in the Afternoon, Love in the Afternoon) Die Marquise von O... (The Marquise of O) Le Signe du lionLa Femme de l'aviateur (The Aviator's Wife) Le Beau marriage (A Good Marriage) Pauline à la plage (Pauline at the Beach) Le Rayon vert (The Green Ray) Conte de printemps (A Tale of Springtime) Conte d'hiver (A Winter's Tale) Conte d'été (A Summer's Tale) Conte d'automne (Autumn Tale) French Jean-Luc Goddard (1930- ) •Breathless •Weekend •The Chinese •Masculine/Feminine •Two or Three Things I Know About Her French Jean-Luc Godard “The cinema is not an art which films life: the cinema is something between art and life. Unlike painting and literature, the cinema both gives to life and takes from it, and I try to render this concept in my films. Literature and painting both exist as art from the very start; the cinema doesn’t.” “All you need for a movie is a gun and a girl.” "Movies should have a beginning, a middle and an end,’ harrumphed French filmmaker Georges Franju. . . ." "Certainly," replied Jean-Luc Godard. "But not necessarily in that order." Louis Malle (19321995) •The Lovers •A Very Private Affair •Murmur of the Heart •Pretty Baby •Atlantic City •Au revoir les enfants •My Dinner with Andre •Damage French François Truffaut (1932-1984) •400 Blows •Jules and Jim •Day for Night •Shoot the Piano Player French New Wave •The impact of Alexandre Astruc: cinema as “the art of the age”; “camera-stylo” [camera-pen] •André Bazin’s influence [Cahiers du Cinema] •The break with literature •Location shooting •New approach to acting •Independence from studios •The centrality of the director (birth of the “auteur theory”) The Dreamers (Bernardo Bertolucci, 2003) Truth Cinema Free Cinema Cinéma Vérité Kino-Eye Man with a Movie Camera (Dizga Vertov, 1929) (Vertov, 18961954) “Life caught unaware” Free Cinema 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Documentary film movement originating in England, 19561959 Spawned by the journal Sequence. Founders: Lindsay Anderson, Karel Reisz, Tony Richardson, Anderson’s motto: "No Film Can Be Too Personal.” Governing principles: Freedom of propaganda Obliviousness to box office appeal. Embrace of the filmmaker’s freedom Ordinary people and everydayness—the primary focus “The image speaks. Sound amplifies and comments.” “Size is irrelevant.” “Perfection is not an aim.” “An attitude means a style. A style means an attitude.” Cinéma Vérité AKA Direct Cinema Documentary filmmaking style that began in the 1950s/early 1960s Technologically inspired—by the advent of lightweight portable cameras and sync-sound equipment to capture events as they happen on location, without a script Inspirations: Lumiere Brothers, Vertov, Neo-Realism, Free Cinema Key Americans: D.A. Pennebaker, Albert and David Maysles, and Richard Leacock Cinéma Vérité Direct vs. Vérité: “According to Erik Barnouw (Documentary): direct cinema: “hopes to find a crisis while shooting”; cinéma vérité: “wishes to precipitate one” Direct cinema: “an invisible observer” (Leacock’s "the fly on the wall"); cinéma vérité: “an unabashed participant” For both: filming events as they transpire leads to what Rouch has called a "privileged moment," in which a truth about the subject of the film is revealed. To what extent the presence of the camera affects the real-life situation, and thus compromises this truth, has been a hotly debated issue. --Thanks to Baseline Encyclopedia of Film Underground/Experimen tal Film Maya Deren (1917-1961) •Meshes of the Afternoon •Ritual in Transfigured Time •Divine Horseman RussianAmerican Stan Brakhage (1933-2003) •Dog Star Man American Andy Warhol(19281987) •Empire •Sleep •B#*w Job •Eat American Jordan Belson (1926- ) •Transmutation •Mandala •Re-Entry •Samadhi •Cosmos •Chakra •Music of the Spheres American Directors Active in the 1960s Alfred Hitchcock (1889-1980) •Rear Window •Rope •Notorious •Spellbound •North by Northwest •Vertigo •Psycho •The Birds British-American Arthur Penn (1922- ) •The Left-Handed Gun •The Miracle Worker •Bonnie and Clyde •Alice’s Restaurant •Little Big Man American John Cassavetes (1929- ) •Faces •Husbands •A Woman Under the Influence •Gloria American Mike Nichols (1931- ) •Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf •The Graduate •Angels in America •Charlie Wilson’s War GermanAmerican Robert Altman (1925-2006) •M*A*S*H •Brewster McCloud •McCabe and Mrs. Miller •Nashville •Three Women •The Player American Sam Peckinpah (1925-1984) •Ride the High Country •The Wild Bunch •Straw Dogs •The Getaway •Bring Me the Head of Alfredo Garcia •Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid American Lindsay Anderson (1923-1994) •This Sporting Life •If •O Lucky Man! British Ken Russell (1927- ) •Women in Love •The Music Lover •Lisztomania •Tommy •Altered States •Savage Messiah British John Schlesinger (1926-2003) •Midnight Cowboy •Sunday Blood Sunday •The Day of the Locust •Marathon Man British David Lean (19081991) •Lawrence of Arabia •Doctor Zhivago •Bridge Over the River Kwai •A Passage to India British Roman Polanski (1933- ) •Repulsion •Knife in the Water •Chinatown •Macbeth Polish-American Ingmar Bergman (1918-2007) •The Seventh Seal •Wild Strawberries •Persona •Through a Glass Darkly •Fanny and Alexander Swedish Luis Bunuel (19001983) •Un Chien Andalou •Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoise •Viridiana •The Exterminating Angel •Belle je jour •That Obscure Object of Desire Spanish Pier Paolo Pasolini(1922-1975) •Accatone •The Decameron •The Canterbury Tales •The Thousand One Nights •The Hundred and Twenty Days of Sodom Italian Sergio Leone (19291989) •The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly •For a Few Dollars More •Once Upon a Time in the West •Once Upon a Time in America Italian Federico Fellini (19201993) •La Strada •La Dolce Vita •8 1/2 •Fellini-Satyricon •Juliet of the Spirits •Amarcord Italian Michelangelo Antonioni (19122007) •L’Notte •L’Ecclise •L’Avventura •Blow-Up •Zabriskie Point •The Passenger Italian Akira Kurosowa (1910-1998) •The Seven Samurai •Kagemusha •Rashomon •Ran •Dreams Japanese