Transcript Friendship

The Tapestry of Friendship
Ellen Goodman
Lectured by Wen Lanfang
Arrangement ( 4 periods/8 hours)
Background information( discussion)
 1) What’s friendship?
 2) What can friendship give?
 3) What makes a good friendship?
 4) What’s the kinds of friendship?
 5) appreciation of different friendship

Structure analysis of the text
 Detailed study of the text
 questions to comprehension
difficult language points
 Supplementary reading
 After-class reading and discussion

What’s friendship?
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F:
R:
I:
E:
N:
D:
S:
H:
I:
P:
Friendly
Respect
Integrity
Encouraging
Nice
Diversity
Sincerity
Helpful
Individual
Politeness

Respect
 Always
treating people the
way you would want them to
treat you.

Friendly
A
Friendly person should always
smile and say hello when
greeting other people.

Integrity
 Doing
something good for
someone when no one is
looking.

Encouraging
 Always
lift up your friends
spirits with positive words and
actions.

Nice
Always being
courteous,
pleasant, and
never misbehave.

Diversity
Always respect
others differences:
gender, abilities,
culture, race, and
ethnicity

Sincerity
 Always
speak and act
genuinely.

Helpful
You should assist others when
they are in need.

Individual
Do not be a follower. Do not
sacrifice character.

Politeness
Always show consideration for
others.
In conclusion, be
FRIENDLY, treat
each other with
RESPECT, act with
INTEGRITY, be
ENCOURAGING,
be NICE,
encourage
DIVERSITY, act
with SINCERITY,
be HELPFUL, be an
INDIVIDUAL, and
show POLITENESS.
Then, you will have
F.R.I.E.N.D.S.H.I.P.
What can
friendships give?
 Fun
 Ways
To Share Feelings
 Learn New Skills
 Find Understanding and Support
 Ways To Feel Needed And Useful
 You Can Be Yourself
What Makes A Good
Friendship?
 Shared
Interests
 Shared Values
 Trust
 Honesty
 Respect
 Cooperation
 Reliability
 Support
 Understanding
 Sensitivity
 Forgiveness
 Tolerance
How to make
friends?
 Go
where people are most friends
you make who have the same
interests you do.
 Be a friend to yourself- don’t put
yourself down.
 Be cheerful- smile, don’t always
wait for the other person to speak
first.
Be yourself- no one is perfect. Your
friends won’t expect you to be, so it is
best to just be yourself.
 Don’t expect perfection in your friends like you, your friends will make mistakes
now and then. Laugh with them about it,
but don’t put them down.
 Friendship is give and take- friendship
is sharing things like feelings, plans,
and dreams. To make and keep a
friend, you have to give as well as take.
Learn to compromise.


Realize you will sometimes disagree with
your friend- nobody agrees all the time.
Disagreements don’t have to mean the end of
a relationship.
 Give your friend space- almost everyone
likes to be alone sometime. Give your friend
space to have other friends, too.
 Be choosy about your friends- real friends
will not ask you to do things that are harmful
and against the law.
 Let people know that you are interested in
them. Don’t just talk about yourself; ask
questions about them.
So---- TO HAVE A FRIEND…BE A FRIEND!
 Remember the Golden Rule of
Friendship…TREAT OTHERS AS
YOU’D LIKE TO BE TREATED!
 SOMEWHERE OUT THERE, A
FRIENDSHIP IS WAITING TO START!

International Friendship Day

August 6 is International Friendship Day for 2006,
time to recognize your friends and their contribution
to your life. Friendship helps to bring peace and
positively to the globe - a great reason to celebrate!
 Friendship Day occurs on the first Sunday of August
- only once a year - so make the most of it! :) Friends
come in many shapes, sizes and guises: school
friends, work colleagues, siblings, partners, parents,
pets and neighbors. Pull out all the stops and
let your friends know they are truly appreciated!
 http://www.friendship.com.au/friendday.html
Appreciation of friendship
友谊地久天长
Westlife
seasons in the sun
The kinds of friendships
 Same
Gender
 Male-female
 Group
Friendship between male and female
Warm-up questions
What’s your standard when you choose
friends?
 Do you think there are real friendship
between men and women?
 Please do the translation in page 73

Friendship between Women

A woman didn‘t come home one
night. The next day she told her
husband that she had slept over at a
girlfriend’s house. Then man called his
wife's 10 best friends. None of them
knew anything about it.
Friendship between Men

A man didn‘t come home one night. The
next day he told his wife that he slept
over at a buddy's house. The woman
called her husband's 10 best
friends. Eight of them confirmed that he
had slept over, and two claimed he was
still there!
GENDER PATTERNS IN
FRIENDSHIPS
Women's Friendships
 Men's Friendships
 Friendships Between Men and
Women
 Gender Patterns in Friendships
Between People With and Without
Disabilities
 After-class reading

Life is like an echo.
 What you give is what you will get.
 What you send is what you will receive.

About the author


Ellen Goodman
She is an American
original. Her abundant
talents--intellect, wit,
style, news judgment-set her apart with an
élan uniquely her own.
Her Pulitzer Prize
winning commentary
appears in more than
375 newspapers.
http://www.boston.com/news/globe/
editorial_opinion/oped/goodman/

Ellen Goodman, is a Boston Globe
Online columnist and a stylish writer
with a humanizing touch on any issue,
public or personal. She is widely
acclaimed as a voice of sanity, and
readers depend on her to help them
make sense of their changing lives and
relationships.
About the text
This text is taken from Close to Home,
which was published by The Boston
Globe Company / Washington Post
Writers Group in 1979.
 This text distinguishes two kinds of
friendship: that between men and that
between women. It can be divided into
four parts.

Part I paragraph 1-2
In this part the author reveals what kind
of film the woman had just seen and
what attitude she had to it.
 What kind of film did the woman see?
 What did she think of it?

Part II paragraph 3-6
This part describes the woman’s
observation of the shift of focus of the
cinema and advances the argument for
the distinction between the two types of
friendship: that between men and that
between women.
 Why does the author list the movies the
woman had seen?

What led the woman to think that the
cinema has drastically shifted its focus?
 What was the shift?
 Do you agree on the point of the
distinction between the two types of
friendship? Give your own reasons.

Part III paragraph 7-18

This part discusses in detail the distinctions
between the Male Buddiness and the Female
Friendship.
 Generally speaking, the former is actionoriented while the latter is emotion-oriented, i.
e., the Male Buddiness is based on the need
for co-operation in the activities that men are
engaged in or in the adverse situations they
are confronted with. In contrast, the Female
Friendship borders on love, the need for
mutual emotional support.
What’s the fundamental difference
between buddies and friends?
 What are the conditions of men
becoming buddies and of women
becoming friends?
 Why was the woman shocked by men’s
description of friendship?

Part IV paragraph 19

This part is the Conclusion of the text,
which restates the distinction between
the two types of friendship. What ways
do buddies and friends differ? Buddies
are those you can do things together
with in your lifetime, but friends are
those with whom you can share roses
and thorns in your life.
Language Work
It was, in many ways, a slight movie. : In
many aspects it was a simple, ordinary
movie.
 big-budget chase scene: a car-chase
scene that costs a lot of money

cosmic:
1) very great
 This earthquake was a disaster of
cosmic scale.
 2) relating to the universe
 The other great cosmic reality is time.
 What happens in their lives is influenced
by ~ forces.

Slowly, it panned across the tapestry of
friendship:
Step by step it gave an all-sided view of
the complex structure of friendship…
tapestry
Tapestry
A heavy cloth woven with rich, often
varicolored designs or scenes, usually hung
on walls for decoration and sometimes used
to cover furniture.
 tapestry carpet用染色经线织成图案的地毯
 tapestry satin 织锦缎
 Something felt to resemble a richly and
complexly designed cloth: the tapestry of
world history.
Budget
a family budget 家庭收支预算
budget plan 分期付款
You have a budget of letters on your desk.
在你的桌子上有一大堆信件。
Vt. budget one‘s time 安排自己的时间
vi. budget for the project 为工程编制预算
Adj. a budget dress 廉价的服装
drastic
adj. a drastic remedy 烈性的药物
 take drastic measures 采取果断措施[激烈手段]
 drastic purgatives 猛 泻药
 a drastic debate 激烈的辩论
 make drastic change 做彻底的改变

Flick: crack flip jerk snap strike

By a flick of his whip, he drove the fly from the
horse's head.
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他用鞭子轻抽了一下, 将马头上的苍蝇驱走。
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He flicked at the spot with a napkin.
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他用餐巾轻轻 擦了一下这块斑迹。

to flick the switch

轻轻地按开关

He hit the ball with just a flick of the
wrist.

＂他只用手腕轻轻一抖，打出了那个球。＂
 He
turns the pancake over with a
strong flick of his wrist.

他一抖腕子就把饼翻过来了。

He swished off the tops of the grasses
with a flick of his cane.

他用藤条轻轻地打掉了草尖。

By a flick of his whip, he drove the fly
from the horse's head.

他用鞭子轻抽了一下，将马头上的苍蝇驱走。


Hair
flicking
Trendy:
trendy clothes.
 Look at that trendy couple - kitted up all
the latest gear!
 瞧那对时髦夫妇，打扮多么入时。
 The trendy rock group is only a flash - in
- the - pan.
 这个新潮摇滚乐队只是昙花一现。

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Regional stereotypes have been part
of America since its founding.
Westerners are trendy, Midwesterners are dull, Northeasterners
are brainy, and Southerners are lazy.
(Brad Edmondson)

地区性旧习自从美国确立起就成为它的一部分…西部人时髦，中
西部人木讷，东北部人机智，南方人懒惰(布拉德·埃德蒙森)

casual
trendy
formal
Binge

A drunken spree or revel.
– A period of unrestrained, immoderate selfindulgence.
– A period of excessive or uncontrolled
indulgence in food or drink: an eating binge.
To be immoderately self-indulgent and
unrestrained:
“The story is like a fever dream that a
disturbed and imaginative city-dweller might
have after binging on comics” (Lloyd Rose).
 To engage in excessive or uncontrolled
indulgence in food or drink.
Binge on drink
a week-end binge 周末狂饮
 a shopping binge 抢购
 a gambling binge 嗜赌狂；
 An eating binge
暴食
 an orgy of spending 无节制消费
 They went on a binge last night.


他们昨夜出去狂饮作乐。
across millions of miles of celluloid .: in
large numbers of movies
Cull: choose from various sources

Here are a few facts and figures I’ve
culled from the week’s papers.

It’s a collection of fascinating stories
culled from a lifetime of experience.
Primal/ attachment

Primal: Money was a primal necessity to
them.

对于他们,钱是主要的需要。
attachment: an attachment to one's
motherland 对祖国的忠诚
 the attachments of a bicycle


自行车的零件
Adversity
affliction disaster distress grief hardship
misfortune trouble
 n. Mr. Huang has been a good friend to
me in adversity or in prosperity.


不管我处于逆境还是顺境, 黄先生一直是我的好友。

A friend is known in adversity.

在患难之中才能看出(真假)朋友。
A-is a good discipline
 A-is a great schoolmaster.


.[谚]逆境是锻炼人的最好场所。

A-makes strange bedfellows.

[谚]难中不择友,饥不择食。
A-acquaints men with strange
bedfellows.
 Palpable: a palpable mistake


明显的错误

palpable results

具体可见的成果
confidence

a vote of confidence

信任投票

confidence in currency

对货币的信任

business confidence

经营信心

I'm telling you this in strict confidence.

我告诉你此事系绝密。

She lacks confidence in herself.

她缺乏自信心。

We have full confidence that we shall
succeed.

我们完全有把握取得成功。

He has the confidence to deny it.

他竟有胆量否认它。

with (great) confidence

很有把握地， 满怀信心地
Restraint: incitement

His rage was beyond restraint.

他怒不可遏。

I am under no restraint whatever.

我不受任何束缚。

restraint of trade

贸易限制


restraint on export and import
限制进出口
Grievance

The trade union leader spoke about the
grievances of the workers.

工会领袖述说工人们的苦情。

have a grievance against sb.

怀恨某人; 对...心怀不满

pour out grievance

诉苦
inherit

only men… inherited a primal capacity
for friendship: only when… were born
with the instinctive capacity of making
friends.
inherit:
1)receive (money, a house etc.) from someone
after they have died
When I took on the job of manager, I inherited
certain financial problems.
2) be born with (a physical or mental quality
that a parent, grandparent or other relative
has)
Rosie inherited her red hair from her mother.
The child has an inherited disease which
attacks the immune system.
“through the wars: together — corporate
or athletic or military: through the
commercial, athletic or military strives
together.
They had to soldier together: had to
struggle together
The only relationship that gave meaning to
the claustrophobic life of George Babbitt had
been with Paul Riesling.
What made the claustrophobic life of George
Babbitt meaningful had been his relationship
with Paul Riesling; without his relationship
with Paul Riesling George Babbitt would have
found his claustrophobic life meaningless.
Structural Analysis


In the text the author discusses the
differences between a buddy and a
friend in a forceful way. We can
summarize the author’s viewpoint with
the following sentence: A buddy is a
fine life-companion but a friend is that
part the race with which you can be
human.
 The
more specific differences between
a buddy and a friend are:

1. Buddies bonded, but friends loved.

2. Buddies faced adversity together,
but friends faced each other.

3. Buddies seemed to “do” things
together; friends simply “were” together.
Rhetorical Features
To show the differences between
buddiness and friendship effectively, the
author of the text coordinates sentences
in various ways. Sometimes he uses
conjunctions such as but, yet and while.
And sometimes he simply puts two
clauses together without using any
conjunction at all.
For example:
1) Buddies bonded, but friends loved.
2) Buddies faced adversity together, but
friends faced each other.
3)Men affect each other in the reflection
of noble or friendly acts, whilst women
ask fewer proofs and more signs and
expressions of attachment.
4) Men often keep their buddies in these
categories while women keep a special
category for friends.
proverbs

I cannot be your friend and your flatterer too.
朋友不能阿谀奉承。
 Keep good men company and you shall be of
the number.
近朱者赤，近墨者黑。
Life without a friend is death.
没有朋友，虽生犹死。
 He is a good friend that speaks well of us
behind our backs.
背后说好话，才是真朋友。

Everything is good when new, but
friends when old.
东西是新的好，朋友是老的亲。
Friends agree best at distance.
朋友之间也会保持距离。
Friends are thieves of time.
朋友是时间的窃贼。
Friends must part.
再好的朋友也有分手的时候。

Birds of a feather flock together.
物以类聚，人以群分。
 Books and friends should be few but good.
读书如交友，应求少而精。
 Choose an author as you choose a friend.
择书如择友。
 Even reckoning makes long friends.
亲兄弟，明算账。

A good book is a good friend.
好书如挚友。
A good book is the best of friends, the same
today and forever.
一本好书，相伴一生。
hedge between keeps friendship green.
君子之交淡如水。
A joke never gains an enemy but loses a
friend.
戏谑不能化敌为友，只能使人失去朋友。
A man is known by his friends.
什么人交什么朋友。

A friend in need is a friend indeed.
患难见真情。
A friend is easier lost than found.
得朋友难，失朋友易。
A friend is never known till a man has need.
需要之时方知友。
A friend without faults will never be found.
没有十全十美的朋友。
Friendship( 超链接）
Snoopy’s friendship
 My friend
Children friendship
Of friendship (Bacon)
