Transcript Slide 1
Learning Objective Name _____________________ Today, we will use effective1 subordination to write a complex sentence. 1 useful (synonym) CFU What are we going to do today? What does effective mean? Effective means __________________________________. Activate (or provide) Prior Knowledge A verb is a word that shows action, state of being, or possession. The subject is the word that names who or what does the action. A simple sentence has a subject and a verb. Are these simple sentences? Why? S V S V Types of verbs Action: eat, fly, jump Mental: think, guess, believe State of being: is, be, are, was Possession: has, have A The Giant Clam grew six feet wide. B The Giant Clam feeds on plant and animal matter. CFU Teacher completes sentence A; students complete sentence B. Identify the subjects and the verbs. Students, you already know that a simple sentence has a subject and verb. Today, we will call a simple sentence an independent clause. We use independent clauses with subordinating conjunctions to make complex sentences. Today, we will use effective subordination to write a complex sentence. DataWORKS Educational Research (800) 495-1550 • www.dataworks-ed.com ©2012 All rights reserved. Comments? [email protected] 6th Grade Writing Conventions 1.1 (4Q) Use simple, compound, and compound-complex sentences; use effective coordination and subordination of ideas to express complete thoughts. Lesson to be used by EDI-trained teachers only. Concept Development A complex sentence has one independent clause and one dependent clause. • The independent clause has a subject and a verb . • The dependent clause has a subject, a verb, a subordinating conjunction , and it cannot stand alone as a sentence. Types of verbs The subordinating conjunction shows a relationship2 between the two clauses. 3 Action: eat, fly, jump • If the dependent clause comes first, a comma is inserted between the clauses. Mental: think, guess, believe • If the dependent clause comes second, no comma is needed. State of being: is, be, are, was 2 connection (synonym) 3 put in Possession: has, have Subordinating Conjunctions and Relationships Time Cause/Effect Opposition (disagreement) Condition (situation) Place after, before, when since, because although, even though if, unless wherever, where Examples: Relationship Time Cause & Effect Examples When Jasmine gets home from school, she has a snack. Miguel was not prepared to take the test because he forgot the test was today. Go to Skill Dev. #1 Opposition (disagreement) Condition (situation) Place Even though Victor had prepared for the presentation, the computer crashed and the presentation failed. The fish in the lake will die unless we stop polluting the water. Wherever I travel, I take my old suitcase. Go to Skill Dev. #2 Not an example of a complex sentence: In the backyard, the dog barked and howled. CFU What is the difference between an independent clause and a dependent clause? What is the difference between the Time and Cause & Effect relationships? Explain. How does the example sentence for ‘condition’ show the relationship? Explain. Why does “The fish in the lake will die unless we stop polluting the water.” not have a comma? Which sentence shows the correct relationship? Explain. A Although dolphins live in the ocean, dolphins are not fish. B In recent years, scientists have discovered that dolphins can communicate with each other. In your own words, explain what a complex sentence is. A complex sentence is _____________________. 6th Grade Writing Conventions 1.1 (4Q) DataWORKS Educational Research (800) 495-1550 • www.dataworks-ed.com ©2012 All rights reserved. Comments? [email protected] Use simple, compound, and compound-complex sentences; use effective coordination and subordination of ideas to express complete thoughts. Lesson to be used by EDI-trained teachers only. Concept Development (Clarification and CFU) A complex sentence has one independent clause and one dependent clause. • The independent clause has a subject and a verb . • The dependent clause has a subject, a verb, a subordinating conjunction , and it cannot stand alone as a sentence. The subordinating conjunction shows a relationship2 between the two clauses. • If the dependent clause comes first, a comma is inserted3 between the clauses. • If the dependent clause comes second, no comma is needed. Time Cause & Effect Opposition (disagreement) Condition (situation) Place after, before, when since, because although, even though if, unless wherever, where Relationship: time Types of verbs Action: eat, fly, jump Mental: think, guess, believe State of being: is, be, are, was Possession: has, have So, the conjunction used is: after The anaconda catches its prey. The anaconda swallows it whole. (independent clause) (independent clause) Complex sentence After the anaconda catches its prey, the anaconda swallows it whole. (dependent clause) (independent clause) A After a large meal, anacondas do not eat again for several months. simple sentence B When an anaconda hunts, it waits underwater for an animal to stop by for a drink. complex sentence CFU On your whiteboard, write “complex sentence” or “simple sentence”. Explain your answer. DataWORKS Educational Research (800) 495-1550 • www.dataworks-ed.com ©2012 All rights reserved. Comments? [email protected] 6th Grade Writing Conventions 1.1 (4Q) Use simple, compound, and compound-complex sentences; use effective coordination and subordination of ideas to express complete thoughts. Lesson to be used by EDI-trained teachers only. Skill Development/Guided Practice (#1) A complex sentence has one independent clause and one dependent clause. • The independent clause has a subject and a verb. • The dependent clause has a subject, a verb, a subordinating conjunction, and it cannot stand alone as a sentence. The subordinating conjunction shows a relationship between the two clauses. Time Cause & Effect Opposition (disagreement) Condition (situation) Place after, before, when since, because although, even though if, unless wherever, where Use effective subordination to write a complex sentence. Types of verbs Action: eat, fly, jump Mental: think, guess, believe State of being: is, be, are, was Possession: has, have Step #1: Read the sentences carefully. Step #2: Identify4 the correct relationship between the sentences. (circle) Hint: How are they related? a. Determine5 the subordinating conjunction to use. Hint: Refer to the chart. Step #3: Combine the sentences by linking them with a subordinating conjunction. (write) 4 find 5 Hint: Insert a comma between the clauses when the dependent clause is first. figure out Relationship 1. A mosquito bites you. It sucks your blood. ______________________________________________________________________ When a mosquito bites you, it sucks your blood. Time Cause & Effect 2. Rome ruled a very large area. The empire collapsed. Rome ruled a very large area before the empire collapsed. ______________________________________________________________________ Time Cause & Effect 3. Amphibians are cold blooded. They depend on the sun to maintain their body temperature. Since amphibians are cold blooded, they depend on the sun to maintain their body ______________________________________________________________________ temperature. ______________________________________________________________________ Time Cause & Effect 4. Barn owls rest during daytime hours. They are nocturnal. ______________________________________________________________________ Barn owls rest during the daytime hours because they are nocturnal. Time Cause & Effect CFU (#2) How did I/you identify the correct relationship between the sentences? (#2a) How did I/you determine the subordinating conjunction to use? (#3) How did I/you combine the sentences? DataWORKS Educational Research (800) 495-1550 • www.dataworks-ed.com ©2012 All rights reserved. Comments? [email protected] Back to Concept Development 6th Grade Writing Conventions 1.1 (4Q) Use simple, compound, and compound-complex sentences; use effective coordination and subordination of ideas to express complete thoughts. Lesson to be used by EDI-trained teachers only. Skill Development/Guided Practice (#2) A complex sentence has one independent clause and one dependent clause. • The independent clause has a subject and a verb. • The dependent clause has a subject, a verb, a subordinating conjunction, and it cannot stand alone as a sentence. The subordinating conjunction shows a relationship between the two clauses. Time Cause & Effect Opposition (disagreement) Condition (situation) Place after, before, when since, because although, even though if, unless wherever, where Use effective subordination to write a complex sentence. Types of verbs Action: eat, fly, jump Mental: think, guess, believe State of being: is, be, are, was Possession: has, have Step #1: Read the sentences carefully. Step #2: Identify the correct relationship between the sentences. (circle) Hint: How are they related? a. Determine the subordinating conjunction to use. Hint: Refer to the chart. Step #3: Combine the sentences by linking them with a subordinating conjunction. (write) Hint: Insert a comma between the clauses when the dependent clause is first. Relationship 1. Penguins are birds. They cannot fly. Although penguins are birds, they cannot fly. ______________________________________________________________________ Opposition Condition Place 2. Reptiles do not live in Antarctica. They inhabit nearly every continent. ______________________________________________________________________ Reptiles do not live in Antarctica even though they inhabit nearly every continent. Opposition Condition Place 3. An animal has no predators. The population will become too large for the environment to support. If an animal has no predators, the population will become too large for the ______________________________________________________________________ environment to support. ______________________________________________________________________ Opposition Condition Place 4. Many animals will become extinct. We save the rainforest. _______________________________________________________________________ Many animals will become extinct unless we save the rainforest. Opposition Condition Place CFU (#2) How did I/you identify the correct relationship between the sentences? (#2a) How did I/you determine the subordinating conjunction to use? (#3) How did I/you combine the sentences? DataWORKS Educational Research (800) 495-1550 • www.dataworks-ed.com ©2012 All rights reserved. Comments? [email protected] 6th Grade Writing Conventions 1.1 (4Q) Use simple, compound, and compound-complex sentences; use effective coordination and subordination of ideas to express complete thoughts. Lesson to be used by EDI-trained teachers only. Skill Development/Guided Practice (#2 continued) A complex sentence has one independent clause and one dependent clause. • The independent clause has a subject and a verb. • The dependent clause has a subject, a verb, a subordinating conjunction, and it cannot stand alone as a sentence. The subordinating conjunction shows a relationship between the two clauses. Time Cause & Effect Opposition (disagreement) Condition (situation) Place after, before, when since, because although, even though if, unless wherever, where Types of verbs Action: eat, fly, jump Mental: think, guess, believe State of being: is, be, are, was Possession: has, have Use effective subordination to write a complex sentence. Step #1: Read the sentences carefully. Step #2: Identify the correct relationship between the sentences. (circle) Hint: How are they related? a. Determine the subordinating conjunction to use. Hint: Refer to the chart. Step #3: Combine the sentences by linking them with a subordinating conjunction. (write) Hint: Insert a comma between the clauses when the dependent clause is first. Relationship 5. The mamma bear goes. The cubs will follow. _____________________________________________________________________ Wherever the mamma bear goes, the cubs will follow. Opposition Condition Place 6. The scientist looked for the rare bird in the tallest tree. The bird often hides. _____________________________________________________________________ The scientist looked for the rare bird in the tallest tree where the bird often hides. Opposition Condition Place CFU (#2) How did I/you identify the correct relationship between the sentences? (#2a) How did I/you determine the subordinating conjunction to use? (#3) How did I/you combine the sentences? DataWORKS Educational Research (800) 495-1550 • www.dataworks-ed.com ©2012 All rights reserved. Comments? [email protected] 6th Grade Writing Conventions 1.1 (4Q) Use simple, compound, and compound-complex sentences; use effective coordination and subordination of ideas to express complete thoughts. Lesson to be used by EDI-trained teachers only. Importance A complex sentence has one independent clause and one dependent clause. • The independent clause has a subject and a verb. • The dependent clause has a subject, a verb, a subordinating conjunction, and it cannot stand alone as a sentence. The subordinating conjunction shows a relationship between the two clauses. 1. Using effective subordination to write a complex sentence will help you express6 relationships between ideas. 6 show 1. I went to the store. 2. I ate breakfast. Complex sentence: After I went to the store, I ate breakfast. 2. Using effective subordination to write a complex sentence will help you do well on tests. CFU Does anyone else have another reason why it is important to use effective subordination to write a complex sentence? (pair-share). Why is it important to use effective subordination to write a complex sentence? You may give me one of my reasons or one of your own. Which reason is the most important to you? Why? DataWORKS Educational Research (800) 495-1550 • www.dataworks-ed.com ©2012 All rights reserved. Comments? [email protected] 6th Grade Writing Conventions 1.1 (4Q) Use simple, compound, and compound-complex sentences; use effective coordination and subordination of ideas to express complete thoughts. Lesson to be used by EDI-trained teachers only. A complex sentence has one independent clause and one dependent clause. • The independent clause has a subject and a verb. • The dependent clause has a subject, a verb, a subordinating conjunction, and it cannot stand alone as a sentence. The subordinating conjunction shows a relationship between the two clauses. Concept Closure Juan read the sentence, “Rhinos will become extinct unless the killers can be stopped.” Juan determined that this was an opposition relationship. Why is he incorrect? Types of verbs Skill Closure Use effective subordination to write a complex sentence. Step #1: Read the sentences carefully. Step #2: Identify the correct relationship between the sentences. (circle) Hint: How are they related? a. Determine the subordinating conjunction to use. Hint: Refer to the chart. Step #3: Combine the sentences by linking them with a subordinating conjunction. (write) Action: eat, fly, jump Mental: think, guess, believe State of being: is, be, are, was Possession: has, have Hint: Insert a comma between the clauses when the dependent clause is first. Time Cause & Effect Opposition (disagreement) Condition (situation) Place after, before, when since, because although, even though if, unless wherever, where Relationship 1. A baby giraffe is born. It falls from a height of six feet without being hurt. _______________________________________________________________________________________ When a baby giraffe is born, it falls from a height of six feet without being hurt. Time Cause & Effect 2. The Spanish easily defeated the Aztecs. The Spanish had better weapons. __________________________________________________________________________________ The Spanish easily defeated the Aztecs because they had better weapons. Time Cause & Effect Summary Closure What did you learn today about using complex sentences? Day 1___________________________________________________________________________________ Day 2___________________________________________________________________________________ DataWORKS Educational Research (800) 495-1550 • www.dataworks-ed.com ©2012 All rights reserved. Comments? [email protected] 6th Grade Writing Conventions 1.1 (4Q) Use simple, compound, and compound-complex sentences; use effective coordination and subordination of ideas to express complete thoughts. Lesson to be used by EDI-trained teachers only. Independent Practice Name _____________________________ A complex sentence has one independent clause and one dependent clause. • The independent clause has a subject and a verb. • The dependent clause has a subject, a verb, a subordinating conjunction, and it cannot stand alone as a sentence. The subordinating conjunction shows a relationship between the two clauses. Time Cause & Effect Opposition (disagreement) Condition (situation) Place after, before, when since, because although, even though if, unless wherever, where Use effective subordination to write a complex sentence. Types of verbs Action: eat, fly, jump Mental: think, guess, believe State of being: is, be, are, was Possession: has, have Step #1: Read the sentences carefully. Step #2: Identify the correct relationship between the sentences. (circle) Hint: How are they related? a. Determine the subordinating conjunction to use. Hint: Refer to the chart. Step #3: Combine the sentences by linking them with a subordinating conjunction. (write) Hint: Insert a comma between the clauses when the dependent clause is first. Relationship 1. The transcontinental railroad was built. People had to travel by covered wagon. Before the transcontinental railroad was built, people had to travel by covered _______________________________________________________________________________ wagon. _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Reptiles are cold blooded. They depend on heat from the sun to maintain their body temperature. _______________________________________________________________________________ Since reptiles are cold blooded, they depend on heat from the sun to maintain _______________________________________________________________________________ their body temperature. Time Cause & Effect Time Cause & Effect 3. Squid mainly eat krill. They have been known to prey on large fish. Although squid mainly eat krill, they have been known to prey on large fish. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Opposition Condition Place 4. A kangaroo didn’t have a tail. It wouldn’t be able to hop. If a kangaroo didn’t have a tail, it wouldn’t be able to hop. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Opposition Condition Place 5. Alaska is on a plate boundary. One plate is sliding along another. Alaska is on a plate boundary, where one plate is sliding along another. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Opposition Condition Place DataWORKS Educational Research (800) 495-1550 • www.dataworks-ed.com ©2012 All rights reserved. Comments? [email protected] 6th Grade Writing Conventions 1.1 (4Q) Use simple, compound, and compound-complex sentences; use effective coordination and subordination of ideas to express complete thoughts. Lesson to be used by EDI-trained teachers only. Independent Practice (continued) A complex sentence has one independent clause and one dependent clause. • The independent clause has a subject and a verb. • The dependent clause has a subject, a verb, a subordinating conjunction, and it cannot stand alone as a sentence. The subordinating conjunction shows a relationship between the two clauses. Time Cause & Effect Opposition (disagreement) Condition (situation) Place after, before, when since, because although, even though if, unless wherever, where Use effective subordination to write a complex sentence. Types of verbs Action: eat, fly, jump Mental: think, guess, believe State of being: is, be, are, was Possession: has, have Step #1: Read the sentences carefully. Step #2: Identify the correct relationship between the sentences. (circle) Hint: How are they related? a. Determine the subordinating conjunction to use. Hint: Refer to the chart. Step #3: Combine the sentences by linking them with a subordinating conjunction. (write) Hint: Insert a comma between the clauses when the dependent clause is first. Relationship 6. Mountains change drastically. Landslides occur. _______________________________________________________________________________ Mountains change drastically after landslides occur. _______________________________________________________________________________ Time Cause & Effect 7. The emerald tree boa can strike an animal in the dark. It has infrared heat receptors. The emerald tree boa can strike an animal in the dark because it has infrared _______________________________________________________________________________ heat receptors. _______________________________________________________________________________ Cause & Effect 8. Rottweilers are considered aggressive dogs. They are good with kids. Rottweilers are considered aggressive dogs, even though they are good with _______________________________________________________________________________ kids. _______________________________________________________________________________ Opposition Condition Place 9. Dogs are not happy. They are with a pack. Dogs are not happy unless they are with a pack. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Opposition Condition Place 10. The energy created by an earthquake travels in waves from the epicenter. They are the strongest. The energy created by an earthquake travels in waves from the epicenter _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ where they are the strongest. Opposition Condition Place DataWORKS Educational Research (800) 495-1550 • www.dataworks-ed.com ©2012 All rights reserved. Comments? [email protected] Time 6th Grade Writing Conventions 1.1 (4Q) Use simple, compound, and compound-complex sentences; use effective coordination and subordination of ideas to express complete thoughts. Lesson to be used by EDI-trained teachers only. Periodic Review 1 Name _____________________________ A complex sentence has one independent clause and one dependent clause. • The independent clause has a subject and a verb. • The dependent clause has a subject, a verb, a subordinating conjunction, and it cannot stand alone as a sentence. The subordinating conjunction shows a relationship between the two clauses. Time Cause & Effect Opposition (disagreement) Condition (situation) Place after, before, when since, because although, even though if, unless wherever, where Use effective subordination to write a complex sentence. Types of verbs Action: eat, fly, jump Mental: think, guess, believe State of being: is, be, are, was Possession: has, have Step #1: Read the sentences carefully. Step #2: Identify the correct relationship between the sentences. (circle) Hint: How are they related? a. Determine the subordinating conjunction to use. Hint: Refer to the chart. Step #3: Combine the sentences by linking them with a subordinating conjunction. (write) Hint: Insert a comma between the clauses when the dependent clause is first. Relationship 1. Life changed for the Native Americans. The Spaniards arrived. Life changed for the Native Americans after the Spaniards arrived. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. All elephants walk tip-toed. The heel of an elephant’s foot is made up of all fat and no bone. All elephants walk tip-toed because the heel of an elephant’s foot is made up of _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ all fat and no bone. 3. California is compared to other places on a world map. It is actually small in size. If California is compared to other places on a world map, it is actually small in _______________________________________________________________________________ size. _______________________________________________________________________________ Time Cause & Effect Time Cause & Effect Opposition Condition Place 4. Athens is seen as the birthplace of democracy. A large number of the population had a say in what was happening. Athens is seen as the birthplace of democracy where a large number of the _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ population had a say in what was happening. Opposition Condition Place 5. Many plants get their energy from sunlight. More than 600 species of plants are carnivorous. Many plants get their energy from sunlight although more than 600 species of _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ plants are carnivorous. Opposition Condition Place DataWORKS Educational Research (800) 495-1550 • www.dataworks-ed.com ©2012 All rights reserved. Comments? [email protected] 6th Grade Writing Conventions 1.1 (4Q) Use simple, compound, and compound-complex sentences; use effective coordination and subordination of ideas to express complete thoughts. Lesson to be used by EDI-trained teachers only. Periodic Review 2 Name _____________________________ A complex sentence has one independent clause and one dependent clause. • The independent clause has a subject and a verb. • The dependent clause has a subject, a verb, a subordinating conjunction, and it cannot stand alone as a sentence. The subordinating conjunction shows a relationship between the two clauses. Time Cause & Effect Opposition (disagreement) Condition (situation) Place after, before, when since, because although, even though if, unless wherever, where Use effective subordination to write a complex sentence. Types of verbs Action: eat, fly, jump Mental: think, guess, believe State of being: is, be, are, was Possession: has, have Step #1: Read the sentences carefully. Step #2: Identify the correct relationship between the sentences. (circle) Hint: How are they related? a. Determine the subordinating conjunction to use. Hint: Refer to the chart. Step #3: Combine the sentences by linking them with a subordinating conjunction. (write) Hint: Insert a comma between the clauses when the dependent clause is first. Relationship 1. The Pygmy Parrot is the smallest living bird. It only grows to a length of eight centimeters. The _______________________________________________________________________________ Pygmy Parrot is the smallest living bird since it only grows to a length of _______________________________________________________________________________ eight centimeters. 2. History began. Humans began to read and write. Time Cause & Effect Time History began when humans began to read and write. _______________________________________________________________________________ Cause & Effect 3. The number of barn owls has severely decreased over the years. They are not considered to be a threatened species. _____________________________________________________________________________ Although the number of barn owls has severely decreased over the years, they _____________________________________________________________________________ are not considered to be a threatened species. Opposition Condition Place 4. The second deadliest earthquake was in 1977 near Tangshan, China. Over 250,000 people were killed. The second deadliest earthquake was in 1977 near Tangshan, China, where _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ over 250,000 people were killed. Opposition Condition Place 5. We replenish the trees that are cut down. The rainforest cannot be saved. _______________________________________________________________________________ Unless we replenish the trees that are cut down, the rainforest cannot be saved. Opposition Condition Place DataWORKS Educational Research (800) 495-1550 • www.dataworks-ed.com ©2012 All rights reserved. Comments? [email protected] 6th Grade Writing Conventions 1.1 (4Q) Use simple, compound, and compound-complex sentences; use effective coordination and subordination of ideas to express complete thoughts. Lesson to be used by EDI-trained teachers only. Periodic Review 3 Name _____________________________ A complex sentence has one independent clause and one dependent clause. • The independent clause has a subject and a verb. • The dependent clause has a subject, a verb, a subordinating conjunction, and it cannot stand alone as a sentence. The subordinating conjunction shows a relationship between the two clauses. Time Cause & Effect Opposition (disagreement) Condition (situation) Place after, before, when since, because although, even though if, unless wherever, where Use effective subordination to write a complex sentence. Types of verbs Action: eat, fly, jump Mental: think, guess, believe State of being: is, be, are, was Possession: has, have Step #1: Read the sentences carefully. Step #2: Identify the correct relationship between the sentences. (circle) Hint: How are they related? a. Determine the subordinating conjunction to use. Hint: Refer to the chart. Step #3: Combine the sentences by linking them with a subordinating conjunction. (write) Hint: Insert a comma between the clauses when the dependent clause is first. Relationship 1. The Emancipation Proclamation freed the slaves. Many slaves joined the Union army. _______________________________________________________________________________ Since the Emancipation Proclamation freed the slaves, many slaves joined the _______________________________________________________________________________ Union army. Time Cause & Effect 2. Toads swim underwater. They breathe by absorbing oxygen through their skin. _______________________________________________________________________________ When toads swim underwater, they breathe by absorbing oxygen through their _______________________________________________________________________________ skin. Cause & Effect 3. The Earth’s plates move against each other. Earthquakes occur with great force. Wherever the Earth’s plates move against each other, earthquakes occur with _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ great force. Opposition Condition Place 4. The barn owl will become a threatened species. The barn owl’s habitat continues to diminish. The barn owl will become a threatened species if the barn owl’s habitat _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ continues to diminish. Opposition Condition Place 5. Sacramento is the capital of California. It is not the largest city. Opposition Condition Place Sacramento is the capital of California even though it is not the largest city. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ DataWORKS Educational Research (800) 495-1550 • www.dataworks-ed.com ©2012 All rights reserved. Comments? [email protected] Time 6th Grade Writing Conventions 1.1 (4Q) Use simple, compound, and compound-complex sentences; use effective coordination and subordination of ideas to express complete thoughts. Lesson to be used by EDI-trained teachers only. 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