Transcript Slide 1

Reform
Solutions to city problems
PROGRESSIVES- make positive
changes in America
Prohibition
 Ban on the manufacture and sale of
alcoholic beverages
Temperance Movement
 Prohibition Party (1869)
 Women’s Christian Temperance Union
(1874)
 Anti- Saloon League(1893)
 Opposed alcohol because they saw it as the
cause of personal tragedies
 Undermined morals
 Religious undertones
 18th Amendment (Volstead Act) bans
alcohol (1919)
 More than half of the nation was already
“dry”
Prohibition Era 1919-1933
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Speakeasies
- illegal clubs where liquor was sold
Bootleggers
- producers of illegal booze (danger)
(local ties)
 Some imported from Canada
 Al Capone
Detroit liquor bust
Raid in Ontario, Canada
 1933- 21st Amendment repeals
(reverses) Prohibition
 Why?
 Cost made it not worthwhile
 Dangerous alcohol!
 End Part One
Nativism
 Favoring native-born Americans over
immigrants
 Various organizations (Immigration
Restriction League, Know-nothing Party)
promoted nativism (successes?)
Other Reform
 Social Gospel-apply Christianity to
society
 Settlement house- type of community
center for urban poor
 Jane Addams- Hull House in Chicago
 Classes, crafts, child care, camps, health
care
Hull House
Expansion of Public
Education
 Most children attended elementary
school
 1870- only 2% of students graduated
high school
 1900- 32 states had passed laws making
school compulsory
 Literacy
 -ability to read and write
 Challenge for immigrants
 Child labor laws increased number of
children in school
 School year increased (average) 78 days
to 144!