Transcript Document

Expert System for Demand Driven Extension
National Workshop on Role of ICT in taking Scientific
Knowledge to the End users
Presenter: Dr. Ram Bahal
[email protected]
Division of Agricultural Extension
Indian Agricultural Research Institute,
New Delhi-12
Research Team
• Dr.Ram Bahal (PI), IARI
• Dr. (Mrs.)Monika Wason (Co- PI), IARI
• Sh. Sudeep (CCPI), IASRI
Rationale:
Expert System
of
Extension
Rationale 1
Introduction of Extension
• 1866
Great Famine of Bengal & Orissa
• 1861-1941 Rabindranath Tagore-Self help and
Mutual help
• 1869-1948 Mahatma Gandhi-Improvement in their
inner man
• 1880
Famine Commission
• 1901
Famine Commission
• 1928
Royal Commission
To Meet the Food Need
(Quantity)
Quality , Precision and
Economic gain
Rationale 2
Personal & Group Contact in 19th Century
Rationale 3
Use of Print media in 20th Century
Rationale 4
Use of Electronic media in 21st Century
Rationale 5
Railways
Financial
Institutions
Airways
Agriculture &
Farmer ?
Communication
Industries
Medical
Rationale 6
Short supply
of extension
agents
Less number
of female
extension
agents
Lower level of
education of
extension agents
Human Resource
of Extension
More number of
farmer per extension
worker
More area to
be covered by
agents
Poor
ratio of SMS
to agents
Rationale 7
Less avialability
of
programme cost
Very little
expenditure
per farmer
Lower pay to
extension agents
Financial Resource
of Extension
Poor housing
to extension
workers
Poor
communication
facility to agents
Poor
transportation
facility to agents
Extension Client
What should I do?
Labour
5 members
Source of
Irrigation
Pump set
Land
2 acres
My resources
Capital
Rs. 5000
Power
Pair of bullock
Market
5 km
Which choice
requires less
labour?
Which choice
is income
generating?
Dairy
Poultry
Bee
keeping
Which choice
requires less
input?
Fisheries
Piggerey
Crops
Flowers
Which choice
is not much
affected by
season?
Fruits
Which choice
requires less
land area ?
Which choice
is best?
Extension
worker
Television
The answer of all these questions is:
Friend
Who
will
help
me
EXPERT
in appropriate
SYSTEM
OF
decision making?
News paper
EXTENSION
Neighbour
Magazine
Difference between Conventional and Expert System of
Extension
No.
Conventional Extension
Expert System of Extension
1.
Universal approachability of
same information is a problem.
Universal approachability of same
information is possible.
2.
Information is given what ever Information is chosen based on their
is available without considering needs and resources.
needs and resources.
3.
No Cost benefit analysis
Cost benefit analysis
4.
Information flow depends on
availability of agent
Information through Cyber Cafe at any
place at any time.
5.
Extension agents - less
educated and non technical.
The experts- knowledgeable and hightech.
6.
Manual & fragmented
information.
Compact & interconnected information.
7.
Out dated system.
Recent system.
What is Expert System ?
An “Expert System” is an intelligent computer
programme that uses knowledge and inference
procedures to solve problems that are difficult
enough to require human expertise for their
solution. The knowledge necessary to perform at
such a level plus the inference procedures used
can be thought of as a model of the expertise of
the best practitioners in the field.(Daniel Hunt,
1986)
Conceptual Design
Technical & Extension
bulletins
Research Findings
Structured
Knowledge
Data, Problems, Question
Knowledge
Engineer
Domain
Expert
Knowledge, Concepts, Solutions
Textbooks
Facts
Knowledge Acquisition Module
Expert System of
Extension
Knowledge Base
Objectives
• To categorize agriculture in sub-areas and collect
relevant information of these areas to feed into
database.
• To make decision rules to process the information (of
selected crops).
• To design & develop the web based expert system of
extension
• To provide required information to the farmers and
extension workers to take decisions before starting
the agricultural enterprise.
Project Area
1. Gujarat
2. Rajasthan
3. Madhya Pradesh
4. Punjab
5.Haryana
6. Uttar Pradesh
7. Delhi
Selected States, Districts and Crops
Sl. No.
State
Districts
1.
Punjab
Ludhiyana
Crops
Paddy, Mustard,
Pea
Paddy
Mustard
Tomato
Gladiolus, Tomato,
Mushroom, Pea
3.
Karnal
Haryana Gurgaon
Hisar
Delhi
Delhi
4.
Rajsthan Bharatpur
Mustard
5.
Gujarat
Anand
Mustard
6.
M.P.
7.
U.P.
Datia
Kanpur
Lucknow
Varansi
Musatrd
Tomato, Gladiolus
Mango
Pea and Tomato
2.
Coding of website
Economic Attribute Section
Benefits to farmers
•Maximization of benefit
•Efficient use of available resources and infrastructure
•Awareness of cost benefit ratio before actual adoption
•Appropriate Decision making
•Encouraging for diversification
•Encouraging for quality production
Benefits to Private Agencies
*Creating scope for developing infrastructure
* Generating Rural Employment
Grain
Fiber
Wood
Vegetable
Fodder
Medicinal
Plant
Commercial
Aromatic
Plant
Flowers
Fruits
Spices
Pulses
Oilseed
Proposed Domain Name
www. iarifarmer.org
Grains
1. Paddy
5. Maize
2. Wheat
6. Jowar
3. Barley
7. Bajra
4. Oat
Oilseeds
1. Mustard
5. Linseed
2. Castor
6. Indian rape
3. Coconut
7. Soybean
4. Groundnut
8. Sunflower
Vegetables
1. Tomato
7. Brinjal
2. Potato
8. Carrot
3. Cauliflower
9. Radish
4. Cabbage
10.Cucumber
5. Onion
11. Beans
6. Spinach
12. Chilli
Fruits
1. Mango
7. Lemon
2. Banana
8. Jack fruit
3. Apple
9. Pear
4. Grapes
10. Cherry
5. Pine apple
11. Cashew
6. Papaya
12. Guava
Pulses
1. Pea
6. Lentil
2. Gram
7. Pigeon pea
3. Black gram
8. Chickling vetch
4. Bengal gram
9. Cowpea
5. Horse gram
10. Kidney gram
Flowers
1. Gladiolus
2. Rose
3.Chrysenthemum
4. Marigold
Commercial
1. Mushroom
5. Coffee
2. Rubber
6. Tea
3. Sugarcane
7. Betel
4. Tobacco
Paddy
-Better the plant population higher the yield.
-Longer the duration of crop more the yield.
-Using Gaze wheel for land preparation yields
more.
-Changing crop rotation controls weed and
enhances soil fertility.
Tomato
-Plant population per acre should be 9600 to 9700 (9680).
-Suitable temperature ranging from 18-28 degree centigrade.
-The best soil is loam and sandy loam.
-350-400 gm seed sufficient for one hectare.
-The nursery beds should be 65-cm width.
-15 cm long seedlings should be transplanted.
-First crop should be grown in June-July and transplanted in JulyAugust
-Second crop should be grown in November-December and
transplanted in January-February.
Gladiolus
-Corms are most productive during first six years.
-Loam or Sandy loam soil best suits it.
-Fertility condition of soil to be assertained after soil testing.
-The time from planting to bloom varies from 70 to 90 or more days.
-Plant large bulbs 4 to 6 inch deep, medium 3 to 4 inch deep and
small bulbs 2 to 3 inch deep.
-Rows should be spaced from 20 to 36 inches apart.
-Corms may be spaced only 2 to 3 inches apart in the row.
Mushroom
-Mushroom do not contain chlorophyll, therefore, depend upon
other plant material for their food.
-Picking is done by twisting the mushroom gently so that it is pulled
out without leaving any stub.
-Mushroom should be harvested when the cap begins to fold and
has attained a diameter of 8-10 cm.
-It is possible to get 800 gm to a kilogram per kg of the dry
substrate.
-The packed bags are incubated in well-ventilated room where
uniform temperature of 25 degree centigrade is maintained.
Mango
-Firm ripe mangoes that are just developing colour are picked and
ripened in straw.
- Ripen fruits are selected daily from the lot.
-The slices are placed in 2 per cent common salt solution to
prevent their enzymic browning.
-Plain cans should be used.
Mustard
-Sowing is to be done within10-20 Oct. as pure crop
to control aphids.
-There is risk of Aphid attach if sown after 20 Oct.
-Thinning is one most required intercultural operation.
-Better the pant population higher the yield.
-Paleva before sowing enhances germination and yield.
-Mustard cultivation controls weeds in the field for the next crop.
-Requires less input and labour.
-It suits best in less irrigated water and labour areas.
Pea
-Early varieties take 55-60 days.
-Mid-season varieties take 57-90 days.
-Late season varieties take 100-110 days.
-70-75 kg seed per hectare for late varieties.
-100kg seed per hectare early varieties