Transcript Slide 1

Satyagraha
Poor, indentured Indians forced to grow
cash crops (indigo, cotton) instead of food
British also levied heavy taxes on them
Famine struck, and British response was
to increase taxes by 23%
Poor, indentured Indians forced to grow
cash crops (indigo, cotton) instead of food
Gandhi proposed satyagraha –
non-violence, mass civil disobedience
His arrest rallied hundreds outside of the
jail – he was released
British agreed to give farmers more control
over farming and cancelled taxes
Amritsar Massacre
Small gathering in the Jallianwala
Bagh to protest the Rowlatt Act –
British able to arrest and punish any
terror suspect
Thousands more were there to
celebrate a Sikh holiday
Brigadier-General Dyer would have
soldiers open fire on the masses
Indian
National
Congress
“Swaraj” – an Independent India
Gandhi named their leader
“Swadeshi” – boycott foreign made goods
Muslim
Non-cooperation
League
Salt March to Dandi
Non-violent protest of the salt tax
Walked 388 kilometres to Dandi, Gujarat
Thousands of Indians joined him
Britain responded by imprisoning
over 60,000 people
Brought world-wide attention to
India’s struggles for independence
Fasting
As a means to a political end
In support of “Harijans” – or
“Untouchables”, whom Gandhi
believed should be accepted
into society
“Quit India”
Civil disobedience movement to
bring complete independence
Would not support Britain against
Nazi Germany
Gandhi and the entire Congress
were arrested
Thousands were killed, injured,
and arrested
Partition
Jawaharlal Nehru became Prime
Minister of India
Muhammad Ali Jinnah became
Governor-General of Pakistan
12.5 million displaced people
Violent uprisings causing the
deaths of a million people?
Assassination