Transcript Practical Well Log Standard

Practical Well Log Standards
Paul Maton, POSC
Jim Theriot, POSC
Outline
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Business Drivers, Challenges
Phase 1 outcomes
Phase 2 approaches, results, examples
Next Steps
Well Logs: Business Issues
Huge numbers of curves (information overload)
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Most oil company customers only load a small sub-set of
curves into their data stores
Complex naming at BOTH Curve and Tool level
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Confusing even to petrophysicists
Others got lost years ago!
Hard to find up to date information in public domain
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Isolated lists, complex language
Expert (petrophysicist) and generalist users have different
requirements
Information Overload - Business Value
Note: Business Value does not take account of usage. It
deals with the ‘average’ case
Load Frequency
Most Commonly
Loaded
High Business Value
Most oil company customers only load
a small sub-set of curves into their
data stores
Medium Business Value
Loaded for specialist applications
Rarely
Loaded
Loaded Curve Names
Log Data Management: Challenges
• Nomenclature
– Logging companies’ Vocabularies
– Oil companies’ Dictionaries
• Classification
– Tool types
– Curve types
• Value
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Who uses ...
Which logs...
How often ...
For what ...
PWLS Version 1
• Classified ~2500 curves for ~100 tools from 3
logging companies
• Defined business value – high, medium, low
• Classifications published at
www.posc.org/technical/PWLS/pwls_10.htm
PWLS Version 2 Objectives
• Clarify Curve Class and Classification
• Emphasize two primary use cases:
– Classify curve instances based on logging company
mnemonics
– Use curve classifications to search for relevant curve
instances
Users and Usage Patterns - General
• Geologist, Geophysicist, Engineer
– Get log(s) by Field, Block, Well, Log type
– Store interpreted work
• Petrophysicist
– Get Curve set for editing, processing, analysis
• Log Data Manager
– QC and load old, and/or new logs
– Classify logs and compile log catalogue
Users and Usage Patterns – PWLS V2
• Geoscientist, Engineer, Log Data Manager
– Understand and classify log curves in industry terms starting
from mnemonics on log header
• Logging Company Dictionary Administrator
– Submit company catalogue (initial or replacement) to POSC
– Submit incremental change or addition to POSC
• POSC
– Maintain company and industry (classification) data
– Accept new and revised data from logging companies
Approach
• Understand nomenclatures
• Identify, share and adopt good practices
– “Never change original document or its data”
• Produce and maintain the standards
– Logical, generic, high-level classification
– Map logging and oil companies’ dictionaries to the
generic classification
– Make it easily understood and available
– Keep it up-to-date: this needs Oil Co. support
Company, Industry Data
‘Company’ nomenclature
‘Industry’ nomenclature
Company-defined
codes, mnemonics
Industry-agreed
classes
?
company-specific
dynamic
cryptic (?)
common name
common definition
(definition exists)
stable (managed)
Channel, Curve and Property
‘Industry’ nomenclature
‘Company’
nomenclature
Company
Channel Class
RP66 Org code
Co. Mnemonic
Description
Business value
Classification
Quantity & UoM
Maps
to
Well Log
Curve Class
Name
Object
Property
Technique
Modifier(s)
Function
Property Class
Maps
to
Name
Parent Class
Description
Curve Type Queries
• What is the object (or thing) whose properties we are
measuring?
– Formation, casing, cement, wellbore, acquisition, etc.
• What (pure) property of the object are we measuring?
– Density, porosity, velocity, etc.
• What technique are we using to make the measurement
(with the tool)?
– Neutron, acoustic, etc.
• Modifiers (or qualifiers) qualifying the (pure) Property
– Deep / shallow; maximum / average / minimum, etc.
• Function
– Mathematical derivation / calculation, e.g. ratio, std. deviation
Some Company Curve Classes
RP66
Org.
code
Mnemonic
Description
Value
Classification
Units Class
150
GR
Gamma Ray
HIGH
Gamma_Ray
API_Gamma_Ray
440
SP
Spontaneous Potential
HIGH
Spontaneous_
Potential
Low_Electric_
Potential
150
CAL
Caliper
HIGH
Caliper
Cylinder_
Diameter
150
RD
Deep resistivity
MED
Deep_
Laterolog_
Resistivity
Resistivity
150
RS
Shallow resistivity
MED
Shallow_
Laterolog_
Resistivity
Resistivity
150
RMLL
Micro-laterolog resistivity HIGH
Micro_
Laterolog_
Resistivity
Resistivity
More Company Curve Classes
RP66
Org.
code
Mnemonic
Description
150
RMLL
150
Value
Classification
Units Class
Micro-laterolog resistivity HIGH
Micro_
Laterolog_
Resistivity
Resistivity
CNC
Borehole Corrected
Compensated Neutron
Porosity
HIGH
Neutron_
Porosity
Porosity
150
ZDEN
Compensated Bulk
Density
HIGH
Bulk_Density
Density
150
ZCOR
Bulk Density Correction
HIGH
Bulk_Density_
Correction
Density
150
PE
Photo-electric cross
section
HIGH
Photoelectric_
Factor
Photoelectric_
Factor
Channel, Curve Example 1
‘Industry’ nomenclature
‘Company’
nomenclature
Company Channel Class
Well Log Curve Class
Maps
to
RP66 Org code:
150
Co. Mnemonic:
GR
Description:
Gamma Ray
Classification:
Gamma_Ray
Units Class: API_Gamma_Ray
Name:
Object:
Property:
Technique:
Modifier(s):
Function:
Gamma_Ray
Formation
Gamma Ray
(Spectrometry)
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Channel, Curve Example 2
‘Company’ nomenclature
‘Industry’ nomenclature
Company Channel Class
Well Log Curve Class
Maps
to
RP66 Org code:
440
Co. Mnemonic:
PCAL
Description:
Caliper from
Phase Shift Imbalance
Business Value:
High
Classification: Electromagnetic
_Caliper
Units Class: Cylinder_Diameter
Name:
Electromagnetic_Caliper
Object:
Borehole
Property:
Caliper
Technique:
Electromagnetic
Modifier(s):
Function:
-
Links
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Property Type Browser
Company Data Views
Industry Data Views
Schema for PWLS Reference Data
Current Focus: Usage
• Users
– Oil companies
– Log analysts, Consultants
– Data management repositories, companies
• Suppliers
– Logging contractors (Acquisition, Processing …)
– Software developers and vendors
• Evolve
– User communities use PWLS and provide feedback
– Revise specifications and implementations
– Maintain Property, Curve and Tool catalogues
Conclusions
• Version 2 published at
http://www.posc.org/technical/PWLS/pwls_20.htm
• Active usage encouraged
• Future direction and evolution through PWLS SIG
– Version 2.1 planned for release by year-end 2004
• PWLS SIG meetings:
– Stavanger 15-16 June
– Houston 23-24 June
• Additional info from www.posc.org or contact [email protected]
or [email protected]