Transcript Slide 1
All About Roses By: Duane DeDene Introduction Origins and Types of Rose What to Look For When Purchasing a Rose How to Plant a Rose Spring and Summer Care Insects and Diseases ID and Control Pruning of Roses Question and Answer Origins & Types of Roses Hybrid Tea Most popular of modern rose types The classic rose Usually single stems but – sometimes side buds Large blooms with typically between 30 & 50 petals per bloom – but can be as few as 5 Brigadoon Dainty Bess Touch of Class Peace Gemini Floribunda Bears flowers in large clusters – usually more than one bloom in flower at a time Massive, colorful, long lasting displays Blooms more continuous than HT Hardier than HT Better in wet weather Easier to care for than HT Europeana Lavaglut Playgirl Bill Warriner Grandiflora Cross between Hybrid Tea & Floribunda Bears single blooms of HT quality Bears clusters of blooms – 3 to 5 blooms Blooms have classic HT shape Queen Elizabeth – the first and very good Grandiflora variety Candelabra Caribbean Gold Medal Love Shrub/English Known for their hardiness Produce large quantities of clusters of flowers Includes the David Austin English roses Becoming more and more popular Bonica Morden Blush The Prince Sharifa Asma Miniature Hybrid Tea Form in miniature size Miniature refers to the bloom not necessarily the bush Versatile – garden, pots/patios Own root stock Easy to grow Black Jade Hot Tamale Incognito Playgold Tangerine Twist Purchasing a Rose What to Look For Field Grown – 2 years old Grade 1 (first choice), maybe Grade 1 ½, never Grade 2 – American Nursery Standards – based on the size & number of canes ARS Rating – 7.5 or higher – the higher the rating the better the rose Canes should be bright green, no splits in bark Leaves should be dark green, no signs of disease Three or more canes – each at ½” diameter Grafted or Own Root – that is the question Packaging Bare Root – from mail order, wide variety Potted – found in nurseries, bare root but with a head start Boxed – found in nurseries, Jackson Perkins, do not plant the box, treat as bare root, purchase early in the season Plastic Bag – found in nurseries, discounters, typically non-patented varieties, treat as bare root, questionable value Garden Bed Raised or Ground Beds (do not use creosote preserved boards for garden borders) Minimum of 6 hours full sun – the more the better Well drained Sandy Loam Soil mixed with organics (well rotted manure, peat. compost) Planting Bare Root Roses Plant soon after receiving Soak plant 24 hrs prior to planting Remove damaged canes and roots Prune canes and extra long roots as needed Dig hole deep enough so bud union is 2” to 3” below final soil surface Dig wide enough to easily fit roots Make soil cone for roots Fill hole ½ with soil and use fingers to tamp (not fist) Water and let settle Fill remainder of hole and water Cover new plant with soil or paper bag for 2 to 3 weeks – gently uncover Planting Potted Roses Water rose well the night before planting to ensure a moist root ball Most potted roses are planted high in the pot (bud union above the soil) - Dig hole deeper than the pot so bud union is 2”-3” below final soil level Dig hole 2-3 times wider than the pot Set pot in hole to check depth Gently tap entire root ball out of the pot and set in hole Fill ½ of hole with prepared soil, water in and let settle Fill remaining hole with soil to final level, water in and let settle No need to mound as the rose bush has already been prepared Spring & Summer Care Pruning Fertilizing Watering Insects and Diseases – ID and Control Pruning of Roses Types Spring – typically more severe Maintenance – dead heading, shaping Thumb – removing unwanted buds to enhance remaining blooms Procedure Use sharp bypass (scissor type) pruners Cut at 45 deg angle approx. ¼” above outside facing bud or 5 leaflet Center of cane (pith) should be creamy white/greenish white (not brown) Seal cuts with weather proof Elmers glue Remove dead and damaged canes Remove crossing canes Open up the center of the bush for better air circulation Remove weak and spindly growth – puts energy into good canes Typical Pruning Cut Fertilizing & Watering Fertilization Important to have soil tested to determine what is needed Roses are heavy feeders Apply between April and end of August – none after August 31st, helps rose slow growth and prepare for winter Types General or Specific Chemical or Organic Granular or Liquid Immediate or Time Release Watering Roses don’t like wet feet – 1-inch water (rain or irrigation) per week If possible water early in the day – allows leaves to dry helping prevent sunscald and spreading of fungal diseases Apply water at base of bush. However, overhead watering is OK Water deeply allowing water to soak down to roots Insects & Diseases Identification and Control Aphids Ways to Control Wipe off with your fingers Water spray with the hose Use insecticide Japanese Beetles Ways to Control Pick them off by hand Use insecticide Don’t use traps Rose Slugs Ways to control Pick off by hand Use insecticide Flower Thrip Very small (0.12 cm) sucking insect Attack mainly the flow bud and bloom – petals turn brown or get brown spots/streaks Light colored (white, yellows, apricot) roses seem most attractive Remove and dispose of infested blooms Can use insecticides but need to get early and must take care if on open flowers to get inside the bloom Multiple applications may be needed for control Leaf Cutter Bee Harmless – purely aesthetic Blackspot Very common rose disease Prevention & Control Clean Garden – remove leaf litter etc. from around plants Clean bush – remove bottom leaves up about 3-4 inches, Mulch around bushes Maintain good air circulation Spray roses with fungicide on regular basis – 10 day intervals Remove infected leaves – do not put in compost Powdery Mildew Prevention & Control Clean Garden – remove leaf litter etc. from around plants Clean bush – remove bottom leaves up about 3-4 inches, Mulch around bushes Maintain good air circulation Spray roses with fungicide on regular basis – 10 day intervals Remove infected leaves – do not put in compost Rose Mosaic Virus Prevention & Control Purchase rose bushes from reputable dealers only – quality bushes Seldom lethal to the bush Reduces plant vigor and increases sensitivity to winter kill Foliage mottling detracts from overall plant Symptoms can come and go No cure – remove plant from garden Questions and Answers Evaluation