Transcript Cultivation & Layering

Weeds, Insects & Diseases
Information courtesy of
Texas A&M University Turf Grass
http://aggieturf.tamu.edu/aggieturf2/golf/gcindex.html
Weeds
• Number one problem on golf courses
• Detract from green uniformity
• Aggressive competitors for
– Sunlight
– Moisture
– Nutrients
Weeds (cont.)
• Effective weed control requires proper
identification of the unwanted plants
• Types
– Grassy
– Sedges
– Broadleaf
Common Turfgrass Weeds
• Must identify weeds in order to properly treat the turf
without damage
• Grassy weed identification depends heavily on the
vegetative characteristics of the plant.
• Additional clues used in identification are
–
–
–
–
time of year
cutting height
soil moisture
shade.
• Vegetative identification of
grasses requires careful inspection
of primary vegetative characteristics.
Common Turfgrass Weeds
(cont.)
• Warm Season
– Bermuda grass
– St. Augustine grass
– Buffalo grass
• Cool Season
– Annual Bluegrass
– Chewings Fescue
– Kentucky Bluegrass
– Tall Fescue
• For a complete list visit
http://aggieturf.tamu.edu/aggieturf2/grasswee/turf.html
Grassy Weeds- Perennials
•
•
•
•
•
•
Broomsedge
Carpetgrass
Johnsongrass
Knotgrass
Smutgrass
For a complete list visit
http://aggieturf.tamu.edu/aggieturf2/grasswee/grass.html
Grassy Weeds- Annual
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Annual bluegrass
Crowsfootgrass
Egyptian Crabgrass
Sandbur
Stinkgrass
Wild Oats
For a complete list visit
http://aggieturf.tamu.edu/aggieturf2/grasswee/grass.html
Broadleaf Weeds
• Can be easily controlled
– Usually during post emergence
• Common broadleaf weeds include
– Bindweed
– Ground Ivy
– Poison Ivy
– Wild Violet
• For a complete list visit
http://aggieturf.tamu.edu/aggieturf2/grasswee/broadlf.html
Sedges
• Usually appear in water soaked or slow draining
areas in the turf
• Hard to get rid of because they produce
underground nutlets that produce new sedge
plants
• Common Sedges
– Yellow Nutsedge
– Texas Sedge
– Annual Sedge
• For a complete list visit
http://aggieturf.tamu.edu/aggieturf2/grasswee/sedge.html
Insects
• Insects must be properly identified in order to
utilize control recommendations
• Common Turf Insects
– Big Eyed Bugs
– Bermudagrass mites
– Chinch Bugs
– Red Fire Ants
Big Eyed Bug
Bermudagrass mites
Chinchbugs
• Common in St. Augustinegrass
• Creates yellow patches in turf
Red Fire Ants
• Common in Texas
Diseases
• Insects must be properly identified in order to
utilize control recommendations
• Common Turf Diseases
– Dollar Spot
– Rust
– St. Augustine Decline
– Take-All Patch
Dollar Spot
• Symptoms include silver dollar sized circular
spots that are straw colored
• Host Grasses Include
– St. Augustine grass
– Annual bluegrass
– Kentucky bluegrass
Rust
• Symptoms include yellow appearance
progressing to red, then brown
• Host Grasses include
– Kentucky bluegrass
– Tall fescue
– Bermudagrass
– St. Augustinegrass
St. Augustine Decline
• Symptoms include mottling or stippling
Source: http://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/archives/parsons/turf/publications/Staugdecline.html
Take-All Patch
• Symptoms include circular patches up to 2
feet in diameter
• Host grasses include
– Bermudagrass
– St. Augustinegrass
– Fine fescues
Summary
• Weeds and Insect control first begins with
proper identification
• Become familiar with common weeds, insects
and diseases so a healthy turf can be
maintained and treated
• For more information and a complete list of
weeds and insects visit
http://aggieturf.tamu.edu/aggieturf2/insect/insectindex.html