Transcript No Slide Title

Chapter 26
Section 3 Fungi and Humans
Objectives
• Describe three ways that fungi cause disease in
humans.
• List three ways that fungi contribute to good health.
• Provide examples of fungi’s industrial importance.
• List three types of food that fungi provide.
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 26
Section 3 Fungi and Humans
Human Fungal Diseases
• Fungi can cause disease in humans when humans
inhale airborne spores, when they eat food
contaminated by toxic fungi, when toxic fungi come in
contact with skin, or when they accidentally eat
poisonous mushrooms.
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 26
Section 3 Fungi and Humans
Human Fungal Diseases
Common Fungal Infections
– Examples of common fungal infections include
ringworm, athlete’s foot, and yeast infection.
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 26
Section 3 Fungi and Humans
Human Fungal Diseases, continued
Other Fungal Illnesses
• Pathogenic fungi that cause serious disease include
Histoplasma capsulatum, Blastomyces dermatitidis,
and Coccidioides immitis.
• H. capsulatum is associated with bird feces.
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 26
Section 3 Fungi and Humans
Fungi in Industry
• Various fungi are used in the production of vitamin B2,
cortisone, penicillin and other antibiotics, and some
genetically engineered drugs.
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 26
Section 3 Fungi and Humans
Fungi in Industry, continued
Fungi and Food Industries
– Fungi are used in the production of familiar foods
such as cheeses, bread, beer, wines, and soy
products.
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 26
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice
1. What are fungi that feed on decaying organic matter
called?
A. parasites
B. mutualists
C. symbionts
D. saprophytes
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 26
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
1. What are fungi that feed on decaying organic matter
called?
A. parasites
B. mutualists
C. symbionts
D. saprophytes
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 26
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
2. Lichens represent a symbiotic association between a
fungus and which other type of organism?
F. an alga
G. a plant
H. a mold
J. a rhizoid
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 26
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
2. Lichens represent a symbiotic association between a
fungus and which other type of organism?
F. an alga
G. a plant
H. a mold
J. a rhizoid
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 26
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
3. In a mycorrhiza, a fungus lives in a symbiotic
relationship with which of the following?
A. a virus
B. a plant
C. a bacterium
D. a slime mold
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 26
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
3. In a mycorrhiza, a fungus lives in a symbiotic
relationship with which of the following?
A. a virus
B. a plant
C. a bacterium
D. a slime mold
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 26
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
The diagram below shows the fruiting bodies of a type
of fungus. Use the diagram to answer the questions
that follow.
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 26
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
4. What is the structure labeled X called?
F. a hypha
G. a zygote
H. a sporangium
J. a sporangiospore
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 26
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
4. What is the structure labeled X called?
F. a hypha
G. a zygote
H. a sporangium
J. a sporangiospore
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 26
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
5. To what phylum does the fungus in the diagram
above belong?
A. Ascomycota
B. Zygomycota
C. Basidiomycota
D. fungi imperfecti
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 26
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
5. To what phylum does the fungus in the diagram
above belong?
A. Ascomycota
B. Zygomycota
C. Basidiomycota
D. fungi imperfecti
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 26
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
6. septa : septum :: asci :
F. ascus
G. ascocarp
H. ascospore
J. ascogonium
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 26
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
6. septa : septum :: asci :
F. ascus
G. ascocarp
H. ascospore
J. ascogonium
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 26
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
The diagram below shows the typical structure of a
member of the phylum Basidiomycota. Use the
diagram below to answer the question that follows.
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 26
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
7. Which structure is responsible for meeting the food
requirements of the organism shown?
A. F
B. G
C. H
D. J
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 26
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
7. Which structure is responsible for meeting the food
requirements of the organism shown?
A. F
B. G
C. H
D. J
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 26
Standardized Test Prep
Short Response
Fungi are important decomposers that break down
organic matter.
Explain how fungi contribute to nutrient recycling in
the environment.
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 26
Standardized Test Prep
Short Response, continued
Fungi are important decomposers that break down
organic matter.
Explain how fungi contribute to nutrient recycling in
the environment.
Answer: Fungi break down organic compounds in
decaying material, making the chemicals
available for other organisms.
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 26
Standardized Test Prep
Extended Response
Base your answers to parts A & B on the
information below.
Fungi are major competitors with humans for food.
Part A Explain what needs humans and fungi have
in common.
Part B Explain why fungi could easily win the battle
for nutrients.
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 26
Standardized Test Prep
Extended Response, continued
Answer:
Part A Fungi and humans both need water and
other nutrients from the environment. They
both depend on autotrophs for food.
Part B Fungi are able to reproduce more rapidly
than humans.
Chapter menu
Resources
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.