Transcript Archaic Period - Hollins University

Archaic Period
Architecture, Sculpture, and VasePainting
The Chronology
•
•
•
•
•
•
Archaic Period 700 - 480 BCE
Orientalizing Phase 700 - 600 BCE
499 BCE Burning of Sardis
490 BCE MARATHON
480 BCE Battle of Salamis (Themistokles)
479 BCE Plataia
• Doric
Architecture
– Temple of Apollo, Corinth (560 BCE)
– Temple of Hera, Olympia (590 BCE)
– Temple of Aphaia, Aegina (500 BCE)
– Temple of Artemis, Corcyra (580 BCE)
• Ionia
– Temple of Apollo, Didyma (550 BCE)
– Temple of Hera, Samos (530 BCE)
• South Italy/Sicily
–
–
–
–
Temple G, Selinus (560 BCE)
Temple of Zeus, Akragas (480 BCE)
Hera I (Basilica) Poseidonia (550 BCE)
Hera II, Poseidonia (500 BCE)
Corinth
Temple of
Apollo, Corinth
• Peripteral
• Hexastyle
• Distyle in
antis
• Anta
• Cella, naos
• Pronaos
• Opisthodomos
• Pteron
• Colonnade
• Stylobate
Remains of T. of Apollo
•
•
•
•
Limestone
Stucco
Painted
Cuttings into
Bedrock
• Monolithic
• Entasis
Olympia
• Olympic Games
from 776 BCE
• Archaic
Buildings:
Treasuries,
Pelopeion,
Fountains,
Temple of Hera
Temple of Hera, Olympia
• 590 BCE
• Early columns in wood, replaced over time
• Butresses in cella
Temple of
Aphaia, Aegina
• Island grew
to prosperity
in
Orientalizing
period
• Aphaia local nymph
• Ties to
Athens
• Temple is the
height of
Doric
architecture 500 BCE
Temple plan Aphaia
• 6 X 12
Columns
• Ramp
• Interior
Colonnade
• All Doric
Refinements
– entasis
– corner
contraction
– curvature
Temple of Aphaia, Aegina
Ionic Style
• Dipteral
colonnade
• More
elaborate
interior
• Ionic
columns
– volute
capital
– base
– more
carved
detail
– flat flutes
Temple of Hera, Samos
• Rhoikos and
Theodoros
• 575 - 560
BCE
• 50 X 100 m
• Dipteral plan
• Double
interior
colonnade
Poseidonia:
Basilica
• 550 BCE
• Experimenta
tion with
Doric
• Nonastyle?
Basilica Columns
Hera II,
Poseidonia
Treasury Buildings at Sanctuaries
• Stores votives to the divinities
• Each city-state at major Pan-hellenic
sanctuaries
• Olympia: Whole row on way to stadium
• Delphi: Treasury of the Siphnians, Treasury
of the Athenians
• Small Ionic or Doric Buildings
Delphi
Treasury of the Athenians
• PostMarathon
• 490/480
BCE
• Deeds of
Theseus
and
Herakles
• Doric,
Distyle in
antis
Metopes
• Erymanthian Boar
• Keryneian Hind
Siphnian Treasury
• Fixed date 510 BCE
• Jewel box of
Ionic Style
• Caryatids
• Fine Island
Marble
Siphnian
Friezes
• North:
Gigantomachy
• South: Rape of
Leucippidae
• West:
Judgement of
Paris
• East: Battle of
Ajax and
Memnon
(Gods in
Assembly)