Transcript Segregation - Montague Moodle Site

Segregation
Chapter 21:1
BACKGROUND TO CIVIL
RIGHTS IN 1950s
 Supreme
Court decisions 1880s-90s
 Inherent tension within federalism
 Gradual evolution of federal power
 Blacks look to FEDERAL COURTS FOR HELP
MAIN IDEA

By the early1880s the segregationists of the
South had successful enacted a racist society
based upon Jim Crow laws. For
approximately 100 years blacks in the South
lived under fear of violence and in a totally
segregated world. Those blacks who sought
a better life in the North and those who had
fought for their country in W.W. II encountered
prejudice and discrimination in education,
housing and employment.
 JIM
CROW LAWS AND SOCIETY VIDEO
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VSm
CBvsXyMk
 PHOTO IMAGES
 http://www.jimcrowhistory.org/scripts/jimc
row/gallery.cgi?collection=hickman
MAIN IDEA #2

The NAACP was the principal organization
that challenged segregation in the South.
Consistently the legal team of the NAACP
won cases that chipped away at the
underpinnings of segregated society. When
Charles H. Houston, recruited Thurgood
Marshall the organization became even more
successful at legally challenging racial
discrimination. Finally in 1954, Brown v. Board
of Education, the Warren Court overturned
the principal of “separate but equal” and
schools were forced to integrate.
THURGOOD MARSHALL
 http://www.thurgoodmarshall.com/home
.htm
 Sweatt v. Painter: law schools must admit
black students
 McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for
Higher Education,
 http://tarlton.law.utexas.edu/clark/sweatt
_long.html
MAIN IDEA #3

The Brown ruling was praised by most Americans,
particularly African Americans. However Southern
leaders were resistant to clearly hostile to the order
to desegregate their schools. A few governors
and state legislatures vowed to resist by all means
necessary. The major test came in Little Rock, AK.
in 1957. Forced to take action President
Eisenhower nationalized the National Guard of the
state who provided protection to blacks students
in a most hostile environment. The crisis
galvanized the nation and helped build support
for the Civil Rights Act of 1957.
 LITTLE
ROCK NINE
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HHeC4LgZT4
 http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/eyesont
heprize/profiles/44_little_rock.html
MAIN IDEA #4

The Montgomery bus boycott was the first
major organized resistance by blacks in the
South to segregation. With Rosa Parks refusing
to move to the back of the bus, and Dr.
Martin Luther King Jr. as the top leader, the
NAACP engineered a nonviolent boycott that
crippled the Montgomery transportation
system. It demonstrated that African
Americans could stand together and create
change through the use of nonviolent
methods.
 Video
Montgomery Bus Boycott
 http://wn.com/Montgomery_Bus_Boycott
MAIN IDEA: #5

Dr. King advocated and practiced a
philosophy that focused on creating change
through nonviolence and non-cooperation.
Along with the Southern Christian Leadership
Conference (1957) Dr. King sought to create
a network that would organize and
demonstrate to the nation and world, the
injustice of racial discrimination. A sister
student organization SNCC (1960) would
utilize the talent and courage of college
students to directly confront racism and
racists using the philosophy of Dr. King.