Transcript Facility Equipment - AZ Branch AALAS Homepage

Laboratory Animal Facility
Equipment
LAT Chapter 6
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Chapter 6
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Facility Equipment
Chapter 6
• Animal rooms
• Surgery suites
• Mechanical areas
• Necropsy
• Cage wash area
• Incinerator facilities
• Diet preparation
• Equipment for unique
research needs
Small Animal Room Set-up
Chapter 6
Water Treatment Area
Chapter 6
Rack Washer & Cage Washer
Chapter 6
Prep, Surgery, Recovery
Chapter 6
Lab, Necropsy
Chapter 6
Animal Facility Designs
Chapter 6
• Non-husbandry-related functions
 About 25 percent of the total floor space
 Legal requirements must be taken into account.
• waste disposal, noise, odor control, and facility security
• Design determined by the nature of the research.
 safety of its employees, the animals, and the
surrounding community
• Space requirements and traffic flow
• Protection of the animals from common diseases
Animal Facility
Chapter 6
Conventional Facilities
Chapter 6
• A conventional facility has no special design
provisions for “clean/dirty” traffic flow.
 The animal rooms have one doorway through which
clean items enter and dirty items exit.
• Properly directed air flow is important in any
animal facility.
 Negative air pressure inside, combined with positive
pressure outside, helps keep airborne contaminants
inside the room from reaching animals located in
other areas of a conventional facility.
Circulation Shared
Chapter 6
Clean/Dirty Facility
Chapter 6
• One-way traffic flow
• Each animal room has entrance and exit door.
 Entrance door leads from the clean corridor to the
animal room.
 Exit door leads from animal room to a dirty corridor.
• Shower-in and shower-out may be required
• Air pressure: clean hallway => animal room
=>dirty hallway
Circulation Clean/Dirty
Chapter 6
Barrier & Containment Facilities
Chapter 6
• Barrier keeps contamination out.
• Containment keeps contamination inside.
• Keep the flow of traffic in one direction from clean to dirty.
• Germ-free barrier:
• shower-in
•all materials autoclaved
• enter through one-way air lock
•waste out separate route
• protective apparel
•air pressure positive to the
• work done under a laminar flow hood
surrounding areas
Circulation Directional
Chapter 6
Airlock
Chapter 6
“Modified SPF” / Containment
Chapter 6 ~ Modified SPF ~
• a barrier with less stringent procedures
• animals purchased only from SPF vendors
~ Containment ~
• Requires protective apparel to protect the person.
• Personnel may be required to shower-out.
• Materials must be
decontaminated.
• Negative air pressure
• Air out may require
sterilization or HEPA filtration.
Preventing Cross-Contamination
Chapter 6
• Protect from contamination:
1) Store feed, bedding and cages away from waste.
2) Wear protective clothing when working in animal areas.
3) Separate quarantine and receiving from animals on study.
4) Disinfect contaminated gloves, boots and equipment.
• Prevent allergen and pathogen exposure:
1) Wear protective clothing while handling animals.
2) Remove contaminated protective clothing before entering
lunch rooms, offices etc.
3) Do not wear uniforms or work shoes home.
Caging Systems
Chapter 6
 permit freedom of movement and normal posture
 identical housing for each animal on a study
 weight and number of animals housed per cage
 AWA, The Guide, USDA, PHS, AAALAC
 comfortable, safe, escape-proof, with easy access to
food and water
 ventilation and be kept dry and clean
 materials sturdy, durable, smooth, impervious
 inspection of occupants without disturbing them
 normal interaction
Primate Units
Chapter 6
Primate Units, Too
Chapter 6
Rabbit Rack
Chapter 6
Caging Systems (Selection)
Chapter 6
• age, weight, and size of the species
• purpose for which it is to be used;
 short-term or long-term housing, individual or group
housing, collection of clinical or metabolic samples,
administration of test materials, or moving animals
from one location to another
• endure repeated use and sanitation and use in
a variety of research programs for long-term
applications
Micro Isolator Cage
Chapter 6
Solid / Wire Hanging Cages
Chapter 6
Caging Systems (Transport, Activity)
Chapter 6
• Transport Cages:
 Food or water is not usually provided.
 Specialized transport cages fit up to opening of cage.
• Activity Cages:
 rodent - an attached wheel-shaped section
 nonhuman primates - bars, ropes, swings, and
sometimes toys
 dogs and other larger animals - runs
Dog Feeder / Transport Cages
Chapter 6
More Transport Caging
Chapter 6
Caging Systems (Recovery / Inhalation)
Chapter 6
• Recovery Cages:
 to hold an animal after surgical manipulation.
• also called therapy cages or intensive care units
• heated floor, plexiglass door for easy viewing, can be fitted
with environmental controls, port access for IV therapy or
physiological monitors
• Inhalation Cage/Environmental Chambers:
 for exposure to test materials
• Test material in as a vapor, mist, or gas.
• Animals inhale the substance, pulmonary function
measurements can be performed.
Restraint Equipment
Chapter 6
 Holds animals securely but comfortably.
 Used to collect samples or administer materials.
 Collection and administration site access.
 Allows techs use of both hands for procedure.
 Complete sanitation between uses
 Design depends on species and duration of restraint.
• Plastic rodent cylinders, cat bags, pig slings, and nonhuman
primate chairs are all classified as restraint equipment.
 Favorable response if conditioned.
 Keeps comfortable and stress-free.
Restraint Equipment
Chapter 6
Restraint Cone
Chapter 6
Broome Restraint Tube
Chapter 6
•Broome Restraint Tube
Stockinette
Chapter 6
•Stockinette Restraint
Towel Wrap
Chapter 6
•Towel Restraint
Maintenance & Equipment Use
Chapter 6
 Equipment monitoring - air, fume hood, light, and water
 Calibrate scales and maintain instruments.
 Rotate equipment in storage.
 Pre-rinsing
• Urine precipitates form opaque scale.
• Use acid cleaners (descalers) before washing.
• 82.2°C surface temperature needed for effective sanitation.
 Room cleaning
• Tools are room-specific.
• Log or record cleaning schedules.
• All permanent surfaces in the room are sanitized.
Room Monitor
Chapter 6
Additional Reading
Chapter 6
1. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory
Animals. National Academy Press, Washington,
D.C., 1996.
2. The UFAW Handbook on the Care and
Management of Laboratory Animals, 6th Edition,
Trevor Poole, editor, 1987.