Transcript Ultrasonic Tchnology

Ultrasound Technology and
Compressed Air Audits
Brief Overview of Ultrasound
Ultrasonic frequencies are high frequency
signals that are above range of human
hearing.
 Human hearing range is 20 Hz to 20 kHz
 Ultrasound instruments sense 20 kHz to 100
kHz
 High frequencies have characteristics that
work differently than low frequencies in the
audible range.
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SOUND PENETRATION
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Low Frequency Wave
– Vibrate Solid Surfaces
– Large Objects Appear
Transparent
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High Frequency Wave
– Short
– Weak
– Can not Penetrate Solid
MPEG
Objects
SUPERSONIC FLYBY OF AN F14
SHOWING THE SOUND WAVE WITH
A VAPOR CLOUD
How Do We Detect Ultrasound?
Using a digital ultrasonic
translator which provides:
 Display Screens with test
data including Decibel and
Frequency read outs.
 Software for data
management
 Sound recording ability
and sound analysis
software
How Do these Ultrasonic Translators
Work?
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The Ultrasound is detected and
these sounds are then translated
down into lower frequencies
within the range of human hearing
They are heard through
headphones
And observed as intensity
increments on a meter or display
panel.
Interchangeable Modules
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Leaks Are Detected By:
– Scanning Module
– Stethoscope Module
– Tone method
Specialized Methods
May Be Considered:
– Long Range Module
Non Accessible Leaks
– Liquid Leak Amplifier
Laminar or “TINY” Leaks
Where Do Air Leaks Occur?
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Mechanical Seals
Threaded Fittings
Sealant Problems
Gaskets
Corrosion/Erosion
Structure Penetrations
Considerations in Leak Detection
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Turbulence
Orifice Shape
Fluid Characteristics:
Viscosity & Molecular Wt.
Pressure Differentials
Distance From Leak
Competing Ultrasounds
Accessibility to Leak
Atmospheric Conditions
Relating Sound Levels to CFM
dB vs. CFM
Digital
Reading
150
PSIG
125
PSIG
100
PSIG
75
PSIG
50
PSIG
25
PSIG
10
PSIG
10 dB
0.73
0.69
0.51
0.38
0.36
0.03
0.01
20 dB
1.13
0.95
0.77
0.58
0.38
0.22
0.15
30 dB
1.79
1.48
1.24
0.99
0.64
0.58
0.48
40 dB
2.70
2.28
1.94
1.62
1.15
1.10
0.93
50 dB
3.86
3.35
2.85
2.47
1.90
1.79
1.49
60 dB
5.27
4.70
3.98
3.54
2.89
2.65
2.18
70 dB
6.93
6.32
5.33
4.82
4.13
3.68
2.99
80 dB
8.84
8.21
6.90
6.31
5.62
4.87
3.92
90 dB
11.00
10.37
8.69
8.03
7.35
6.23
4.97
100 dB
13.41
12.81
10.69
9.96
9.32
7.75
6.14
Note: All Readings are Compensated for Atmospheric Pressure
Conducting a Compressed Air
Survey
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Gather Data
– Compressor Info
– PSIG Operating data
– Hours of Operation
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Begin Survey at
Compressor
Follow Air Lines to all
Pieces of Equipment
Record dB Readings of
Leaks
Take Photographs of
Leaks
Test, Listen, Record
Generate a Cost Report
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Place Recorded
dB Readings in
Analysis
Software
Generate Report
of dB Sound
Level of Each
Leak Converted
to CFM with
Associated kW
Usage and
Annual Cost of
Leak
Leak # dB Distance
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
63
60
71
33
44
44
37
36
61
51
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
Location/Equip
Top of receiver
DH annealer
Gardner Denver Compressor
DM3
EH1 Supply
EH4 Annealer
EH3 Supply
Above EH3 Supply
EH2 Annealer
EV1 Supply
Annual
Leakage
kW use
Cost
Rate CFM
$349
0.80
4.0
$316
0.72
3.6
$446
1.02
5.1
$107
0.24
1.2
$174
0.40
2.0
$174
0.40
2.0
$128
0.29
1.5
$56
0.13
0.6
$327
0.75
3.7
$230
0.52
2.6
Place Pictures with Report
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Place Photos of
Each Leak
Location that
Numerically
Matches the Cost
Report
AIR LEAKS COST !!!!!!
LEAK DIA
AIR-LOSS
CFM
LOSS/DAY LOSS/DAY LOSS/YR.
CU.FT/DAY
$
$
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1/64
.40
576
0.14
50.40
1/32
1.60
2,304
0.58
211.00
3/64
3.66
5,270
1.32
481.00
1/16
6.45
9,288
2.32
846.00
3/32
14.50
20,880
5.22
1,904.00
1/8
25.80
37,152
9.29
3,389.00
3/16
58.30
83,952
21.00
7,661.00
1/4
103.00
148,320
37.08
13,526.00
5/16
162.00
233,280
58.32
21,275.00
3/8
234.00
336,960
84.24
30,731.00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTE: Based on 100 PSI, $0.25 /mcf, 8760 hours / year
Questions on Leak Detection?
Conclusion
 ULTRASOUND:
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Versatile
Simple to use
Provides definitive data of air leaks
Supports other technologies
QUESTIONS???
THANK YOU