Transcript Household Vulnerability Index (HVI) for Quantifying Impact

SOCIAL PROTECTION AND TARGETING
Piloting the Household Vulnerability Index to
Improve Targeting in WVI programmes in
Lesotho, Swaziland and Zimbabwe
Unity Chipfupa
Pretoria, SA
Date: 2 April 2009
Structure
Background
 Goal and Objectives of the project
 Why WVI is interested in the HVI
 The journey so far
 About the HVI- the theory simplified
 HVI-WVI data collection tools
 Anticipated outputs
 Work plan- key activities
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Background
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As part of FANRPAN’s work on HIV and AIDS the organization is
piloting the Household Vulnerability Index to Improve Targeting in
WVI programmes in Lesotho, Swaziland and Zimbabwe.
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The journey began in 2004 when FANRPAN, through support
from SADC and EU, conducted a 7 country study which focused
on the Impact of HIV and AIDS on Agriculture and Food Security.
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With support from Southern African Trust, there was a follow-up
study in 2005-2006 that sought to develop an index known as the
FANRPAN-Household Vulnerability Index (HVI).
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The HVI is able to quantitatively measure vulnerability introduced
by HIV and AIDS on rural households and classifies households
according to their different degrees of vulnerability
The HVI pilot project
In February 2008, WVI in partnership with FANRPAN
agreed to conduct operational research in Swaziland,
Lesotho and Zimbabwe to evaluate the applicability of
the HVI in WVI’s development programmes.
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The goal of the project is to:
apply the Household Vulnerability Index (HVI) to
Improve Targeting in Food Aid Transfers in three
pilot Area Development Programmes in Lesotho,
Swaziland and Zimbabwe.
Objectives of the pilot project
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To develop and populate a comprehensive
household vulnerability database in three
ADPs in Lesotho, Swaziland and Zimbabwe.
To analyse household vulnerability in these
areas by computing HVIs and ranking
households on a vulnerability basis; and use
this information to inform intervention
programmes such as the input voucher
programme
To assess the requirements for full
institutionalization of the HVI tool and database
in WVI programmes.
Why World Vision is interested in the HVI
World Vision works to transform the lives of the
world’s poorest children and their families
•As a development partner, World Vision is concerned
about on-going developments in the global economy
and how they will affect their work:
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Food prices and declining global food availability are
major challenges
climate change, need for bio-fuels, HIV and AIDS, poor
government policies etc further complicate setting
Communities where WVI work are dynamic and power,
gender and hh, community and higher level priorities
challenge equitable distribution of aid.
As the biggest CSO, there is great opportunity to
influence policy
The journey so far..
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Approach: The project is longitudinal in nature, with a
minimum of two years required (Up to March 2010).
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Preliminary country assessments were made in February
2008
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The project was launched at the visioning workshop in
Swaziland in May 2008
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Three launch workshops in the three countries were
conducted with stakeholders in the pilot communities
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Data collection was completed in Swaziland in November
2008, will commence in Zimbabwe on the 6th of April 2009
and later in Lesotho.
The journey so far..
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Swaziland Data Collection
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Started on the 18th of Nov and ended on the 19th of Dec 2008.
30 enumerators mainly college and university students were
trained on the HVI tools
Approximately 3330 households in Mpolonjeni ADP were
interviewed
Data was also captured using PDAs. Since WV Swaziland is also
implementing a GIS project, GPS points of the homesteads and
important features such as infrustructure, natural resources, etc,
were also taken during the field work.
Data cleaning is now in progress and before the end of the month
we will have our first real results for Swaziland
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What is the HVI?
•A
detailed discussion of the HVI methodology
and what is involved is given in the automated
presentation given here.
•There is a prepared summarized presentation
of the theory given here.
HVI data collection process
Initially we needed to:
 verify what data WV and partners are already collecting in
the ADP.
 review studies undertaken to inform development
interventions in the area
 With Communities, review the current targeting systems in
the three ADPs building on their strengths and seeking to
address/manage some of the challenges.
 Develop a plan on how data collected will inform
development interventions in areas
Then…
HVI Data Collection Tool (ctd)
We finalized specific HVI data collection tools to meet the
different types of interventions that WVI implements as
follows:
Form A: A general household data card captures information
that almost all interventions will need to know about a
household before planning an intervention. This form is for
all households in an ADP. This generic tool is divided into 5
sections
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Demographic information
Productive assets ownership
State and use of natural assets
Financial assets and food consumption patterns
Social networks
This form is updated annually, or at other regular intervals as
required by managers. A draft of this tool is (given here). It
is adequate for a generalized programme.
HVI Data Collection Tool (ctd)
Form B1, B2, B3, etc: An intervention-specific data card
which captures information that a particular intervention
will need to know about a household or beneficiary.
This specific tool is:
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linked to the main household data by use of carefully
developed ID system.
Does not need to collect data already collected by FORM A
include information on benefits received by beneficiaries over
time
be updated regularly, tracking implementation of the
intervention.
A draft sample of this tool is (given here)
HVI Data Collection Tool (ctd)
Form C: A generic intervention-specific data card will be developed to
capture information that a new particular intervention will need to
know about a household or beneficiary. This tool will be used for
those unique interventions that are not mainstream for ADPs. This
specific tool will:
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Be linked to the main household data by use of carefully developed ID
system.
Not need to collect data already collected by FORM A
Will include information on benefits received by beneficiaries over time
May be updated regularly, tracking implementation of the intervention.
May have a definite beginning and end.
A draft sample of this tool will need input in from programme
implementers
HVI Data Collection Tool (ctd)
Form D: A semi-static data card developed to capture
information at the ADP level. Information will be on
general ADP profile data such as location, contact
details, soils, geography, socio-economics and
administrative boundaries. The form is:
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linked to the main household data by use of carefully
developed ID system.
No need to collect data already collected by FORM A
be updated once in a while, but a more regular sub-tool can be
used to track market related statistics, e.g for food prices.
form the context for the ADP.
A draft sample of this tool is (given here).
Database Structure
So how will all these tools be linked?
The areas of
intersection will
indicate which
households/individuals
have benefited from
the intersecting
interventions. A
graduation system for
beneficiaries is thus
possible.
Form B1: SFP
Form B2: FFW/HH
FORM A and
D data cards
Form C: Intervention X
Database Structure
So what is the data collection structure?
Tool
Frequency
Data collected by who?
Form A: HH Data
annually
HH, WVI staff, schools, hired enumerators
Form B:
Interventions (eg
SFP)
Daily to annually
according to project.
Eg Meals card-daily,
distributions bimonthly,
Beneficiaries, WVI staff, schools, hired
enumerators
Form C: Unique
projects, eg feeding
for ART patients
Same as form B
Beneficiaries, WVI staff, schools, hired
enumerators, representatives of networks
for beneficiaries.
Form D
Annually or
biannually. May be
updated with Form
B.
WVI staff, schools, hired enumerators,
Database analysis and reporting
The following analysis will be generated from the database:
A: General:
Contextual: Physical and environmental information, Key features
and trends, Political, Social, Economic, Ecological, Infrastructure,
Institutions
Community Level: Social differentiation, Socio-political
considerations, Institutional types, Spatial considerations, Livelihood
systems
Household Level: Livelihood resources: Physical, Natural, Social,
Economic, Human
Intra-household Level: Gender, Generational
Database analysis and reporting
B: Basic analysis embedded within the database
Household vulnerability indices (HVI) as food security
proxy nutritional status, health status, education, poverty
indicators (income, assets, social network)
Vulnerability: Dynamic perspectives, Trends in
household dynamics, Trends in livelihood strategies,
Current vulnerability (snapshot) of individuals that are
vulnerable,
Database analysis and reporting
C: Programme design tools embedded within the
database
Tweaking for sensitivity of HVI computations
Distribution lists for households/individuals that meet set
HVI criteria
Comparison of HVI to community ranking or other
targeting tools for checking for errors of inclusion or
exclusion
Sampling for monitoring and evaluation (including for
both beneficiaries and non- beneficiaries if required).
Anticipated outputs
Improved targeting
 Community participation
 Integration
 Prioritizing
 Evidence base
 Impact assessment
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Work plan
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Planning
Database development
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Instrument alignment
Further project design
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Country launch
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Developing data collection structure with communities input
Database design update
Data collection (Lesotho and Zimbabwe are at this stage)
Data entry and HVI generation (Swaziland is at this stage)
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Reporting and publication
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Report writing and publication
Policy dialogues on findings
Re-positioning and re-visioning
Minimum duration: 2 years
Thank you