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Information Visualization
Visual Decision Making
Ajit Nema Director, Deloitte Consulting
Information Visualization: What is it?
Interactive visual analysis of information to yield more insight, more action, and more effective decisions
© 2011 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
© 2011 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
Total Fertility by life expectancy in China, India and the USA, 1950-2050
Huge amount of data Multidimensional data analysis • Total fertility rate • Life expectancy at birth • Across 50 years • Co-relate across countries Traditional ways will requires multiple pivots and big spreadsheet or multiple graphs © 2011 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
Total Fertility by life expectancy in China, India and the USA, 1950-2050
Source: World Population Prospects, the 2008 Revision. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA), Population Division, New York, 2009. See: www.unpopulation.org
Note: Total Fertility (TFR) is the average number of births per woman © 2011 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
My Kitchen Remodeling – Visual Decision Making
© 2011 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
Information Visualization: It is not new!
© 2011 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
Information Visualization: Evolved over a period of time Pre 17 th Century 17 th – 18 th Century 19 th – 20 th Century Current Day
Maps and Navigation
World Maps
Polar Area Charts
Visualization Methods for Real Time Data Explorative Data Analysis
Tree-Maps and Network Graphs
© 2011 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
Information Visualization: What’s the Catalyst?
Knowledge Discovery
New and sometimes surprising insights can be achieved from visual analysis of
large datasets Evolving Interaction Multi-touch interfaces
, mobile device views, and social network communities enhance how data can be contextualized
Customization
more
personalized
connections are being formed between stakeholders and the underlying information
Usability
Visualization allows
complex data structures
,
relationships, and trends to be viewed and navigated
, even with unstructured or abstract data
Transparency
more
visibility
into business data and more options for manipulating and
exploring
information
New Opportunities
unlock data volumes and unstructured content to answer the question,
“What do you need to know?”
© 2011 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
Information Visualization: Success Stories Usability Redefined
• Innovative User Interface: Touch and gesture • Rich User Experience: Icons, Apps • Apple now dominates the mobile and tablet market
Interactive Multi-media Gaming
• Intuitive motion controls and social gaming experience • Engaged people of all ages • Wii captured 47% of market in ’09 (source: IBIS Capital)
Personalized shopping
• Puts shopper in the driver seat and allowed custom designs • E-Commerce sales ran ahead of all other channels in ’10 • Online sales increased 25%, surpassed 100m © 2011 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
Information Visualization: What’s Different?
Increased Scale
Dramatic increase in computing horsepower coupled with advancement in computer interaction techniques enables handling larger data sets • Reports and analysis which used to take months to aggregate can be run in minutes • Modern visualization techniques can handle complex cardinalities and joins • More powerful computing enables multivariate analysis © 2011 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
Information Visualization: What’s Different?
Democratization of Data
Visualization puts the power of data analysis in the hands of more organizational stakeholders • More intuitive drill-paths allow greater depth of analysis • Knowledge workers become more empowered as visual discovery tools become more powerful • Information becomes more pervasive and transparent across the organization
Users Worldwide Growth Projection 2008 - 2012 Data Exabytes Devices (Units) Interactions (B-per day) 1.24B
3X ~2.5E
4.5X
416M 475B 7.7X
8.5X
442M ~4.7E
54M Internet-Connected Devices 56B
© 2011 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
Information Visualization: What’s Different?
User Autonomy
Information is making shift from being presented in a predetermined fashion to a malleable, versatile tool which stakeholders can readily use for decision making • Mixed environment of partially ‘pre-paved’ information but mostly self exploration of data by manipulating GUIs • Stakeholders who are closer to the front-lines have more access to analysis tools • Overall shift from passive presentation to autonomous, active discovery © 2011 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
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Information Visualization Approach & Techniques
© 2011 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
Traditional ways: Excel, Pivots, Reports
May lead to information fatigue
EXCELS
Reams of rows and columns must be analyzed in order to interpret what are usually a few main business decisions.
PIVOTS
Multi-dimensional pivoting leads to an explosion of combinatory possibilities for analyzing data. A 3-D space with an average of 100 values leads to a whopping one million combinations to browse through. 1 5
DASHBOARDS:
Dashboards suffer from data aggregations which balance out important variations in the underlying data.
REPORTS
These are much like Excel spreadsheets, but without the functionality. Some are designed to provide just-in case information, they rarely address a business problem © 2011 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
Mashup: Hurricane Irene web monitoring
• Mashup of disparate data required to analyze the complete information and make effective decisions • Pull in multiple feeds that will allow the client to see how their stores and logistics will be impacted over the next 72 hours © 2011 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
Relationships in the data: patient drug prescriptions
Each row represents the drugs a patient took in a specific quarter
500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
Drugs © 2011 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
The same patient drug data, co-clustered
Here the rows (patients) and columns (drugs) are clustered to reveal usage patterns
Patients on Reyataz, Truvada, & Norvir Patients on Atripala only Patients on broad mix of Truvada, Norvir, Isentress, Intelence, & Prezista
© 2011 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
Network Analysis –who are the influencers
Each doctor is a blue circle whose size is proportional to the amount of drugs prescribed Doctors are linked if they share an organizational affiliation or have common patients The thickness of the edge is proportional to the number of shared patients The three red dots are individuals thought to be key influencers This network graph shows that others may be equally or more influential © 2011 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
Information Visualization: Additional techniques Tree Map
Newsmap is a live visualization of Google news: a tree map algorithm fills the available screen space, as size denotes the importance of specific headlines, colour distinguishes news categories, and brightness the story novelty.
Heat Map
Explore the behavior of your visitors with a heat map. More popular sections, which are clicked more often, are highlighted as “warm” – in red color.
MindMaps
Informationarchitects.jp presents the 200 most successful websites on the web, ordered by category, proximity, success, popularity and perspective in a mindmap. Apparently, web sites are connected as they’ve never been before. © 2011 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
Trends In Information Visualization – Technology Spectrum Data Management & Statistical Packages MS Office & Add-Ons E.g. Excel & IMF Map tool JAVA Microsoft .Net
E.g. WPF, Silverlight IOS4 Adobe Flash/Flex Custom RIA Dev E.g. ECB’s FlexCB BI & Data Viz Tools E.g. Xcelsius, Tableau MOSS Excel Services SQL Reporting Services HTML 5 Publishing Software E.g. Adobe InDesign Authoring Tools E.g. Freelance Web Design Tools E.g. Adobe CS Paper Desktop Physical Media Web
© 2011 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
Information Visualization: Challenges
Handling complex and heterogeneous data formats and data sets Combining available techniques for specific tasks in a canonic way for clustering, filtering, dimensionality reduction.
How to effectively present more than three dimensions of information in a visual two dimensional graphical display How to effectively visualize data that is changing rapidly (as fast as several hundred thousand times per second) © 2011 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
Information Visualization: Where to start?
Define the Business Purpose First Know Your Audience Invest in Data Quality Explore Several Platforms Assemble Specialized Team with Expertise in User Experience © 2011 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
References
Deloitte Technology Trends 2011
http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2007/08/02/data-visualization-modern-approaches/
http://download.intel.com/pressroom/kits/events/idffall_2009/pdfs/2009_IDF_Otellini.pdf
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Analytics and Life Sciences © 2011 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu