Transcript 從SCORM數位學習到ebXML儲存庫

從SCORM數位學習到ebXML
儲存庫
國立台灣師範大學
資訊教育系
葉耀明
[email protected]
內容大綱
• SCORM數位學習標準
• CORDRA: ADL's Federated Content
Repository Model
• ebXML Registry/Repository
• ebXML和SCORM比較
SCORM：e-Learning整合平台
• The Sharable Content Object Reference Model
(SCORMTM) defines a Web-based learning
“Content Aggregation Model” and “Run-time
Environment” for learning objects.
• ADL(Advanced Distributed Learning)
initiative(1997成立)訂定的標準
• 美國國防部主導和支持
• SCORM 1.2: 2001/10/1 (SCORM 1.0:2000/1)
• SCORM2004: 2004/1
SCORM的系統架構
IEEE
LTSC
ARIADNE
IMS
Content Aggregation Model (LOM)
eXtensible Markup Language (XML)
Run-time Environment
AICC
Java API
ADL
整合現有e-Learning技術和標準
• LOM (Learning Object Metadata) : XML
– the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE) Learning Technology Standards Committee
(LTSC)
– the Alliance of Remote Instructional Authoring &
Distribution Networks for Europe (ARIADNE)
– the IMS Global Learning Consortium, Inc.,
• Run-time Environment(Common Launch & API):
Java
– the Aviation Industry CBT (Computer-Based Training)
Committee (AICC)
SCORM Evolution
SCORM 2004新增內容
新增
更動
新增
即時整合網路教材
Content Aggregation Model
Content Aggregation
Content Structure
Aggregation
Learning Resource
Asset
Learning Resource
Asset
SCO
Aggregation
Asset
SCO
SCO
Learning Resource
Learning Resource
Asset
Asset
Learning Resource
Asset
Asset
SCO(Shareable Content Object)
Asset
Asset
XML Doc
GIF
Asset
HTML
Fragment
Asset
Asset
JPEG
WAV
Asset
Asset
Flash
JAVA Script
Object
Functions
Content Aggregation Packaging in XML
Learning Management Systems
Testing/Assessment
Service
Course Administration
Service
Sequencing
Service
Selection
Local
Content
Repository
Remote
SCORM
Content
Content
Repositories
Packages
Content Management
Service
Launch
Learner Profiles
Service
Tracking
Service
Generalized
Learning Management
System Model
Delivery
Service
SCORM
Tracking
Data
SCORM
Content
(SCOs & Assets)
SCORM
API
API
Adapter
Browser
(Presentation)
Infrastructure
Learning Services
Application
eLearning Three Layer Structure
Application Layer
Learning Technology System
Authoring, Delivery, Management
Learning Agents
Tool Layer
Lecture, Present,
Assessment, Simulation, Collaboration
Common Application Layer
Sequencing
User Profile, Tracking
Knowledge Mgmt, Content Mgmt
Basic Services Layer
Resolution, Query/Update
Right Mgmt, Logging
Storage, Role, Authentication
Web Services Layer
Workflow (BPEL,BPSS)
Discovery (ebXMLRR,UDDI)
Description (WSDL,CPPA)
Messaging (SOAP,ebMS,XMLP)
Internet Layer
HTTP,FTP,SMTP
TCP/IP
CORDRA
• Content Object Repository Discovery and
Resolution Architecture
or
• Content Object Repository Discovery and
Registration Architecture
• Learning Systems Architecture Lab
Carnegie Mellon University
Overall CORDRA Model
Key CORDRA Operations
• Register a content object in the Content
Catalog for later search and retrieval
• Search the Content Catalog; it returns
content objects (via their IDs) and
metadata
• Register a content repository in the
Repository Registry by specifying local
data and rules
• Query the Repository Registry for the
operational, policy and business rules
Content Object Creation
Create Content
100.xyz/cp
Assign
ID
Publish in
Repository
Content Object Registration
Identify Content in
Repository for
Registration
Get
Content ID
Extract
Metadata
10.xyz/cp
Register
Content
Deposit
Metadata
Content Object Search
Enter
100.xyz/cp
Search
Search
CriteriaCatalog
Select Content
100.abc/cp1
100.abc/cp2
100.xyz/cp
100.qrs/cp
Return Content IDs
Content Object Access
Identify Content
100.xyz/cp
Determine Repository and
Resolve Identifier
Access Methods
100.xyz/cp
Access Content in
Identified Repository
Retrieve Content
Repository Registration
Create Repository Metadata
Assign ID
100.reg/rep
Register
Repository Query
Enter Search Criteria
Search Catalog
Obtain Repository Metadata
Overall CORDRA Model
• Collection of local content repositories
• Implementation-specific system
repositories
– Master catalog (content registry)
– Repository registry
– System registry
• Identifier Infrastructure
• Common Services
• Applications
ebXML Registry/Repository
•
•
•
•
•
ebXML演進
服務基礎架構(SOA)
服務註冊技術
內容服務註冊技術使用情境
內容服務註冊功能
ebXML：全球電子市集
• ebXML 是一套集合模組化電子交易架構的
詳細規格。
• ebXML能使各種規模、各種領域的全球企
業，以符合企業管理流程的方式經由XMLbased的資訊交換，透過電子市集的仲介與
其他企業形成交易。
• ebXML是由 United Nations (UN/CEFACT)
and OASIS這兩大組織所共同發起及贊助。
•ebXML1.0: 2001年5月公佈
ebXML的核心概念
• ebXML的核心概念是定義出全球電子市集
中企業間(跨國界跨行業)的商業交易
(Business Transaction)的模式(Modeling
Methodology)
• 是電子商務領域的重要分水嶺
– 電子商務理論(學術界)
– 企業e化(企業界)
ebXML之演進
• ebXML之兩大應用領域
– eGovernment
– eBusiness (B2B)
EDI
UN/EDIFACT
1976
UML
UMM
XML, SOAP
Registry/Repository
UN/CEFACT
OASIS
ebXML
1999/11
二組織分裂
復合?
ebXML Extension
2001/5 2002 2003 2004 2005
服務基礎架構(SOA)
服務仲介者
(Broker)
服務查詢
服務登錄
服務描述
服務提供者
服務要求者
(Provider)
(Requestor)
Client
服務連結
Service
Web Services 技術概念：
SOA: Services Oriented Architecture
新型態的入口網站：
- 給程式(Web Service)用的
Service
Broker
WSDL
UDDI
Publish
Request
SOAP
Service
Provider
Bind and Request
Service
Requester
Reply
UDDI 2.0: Universal Description, Discovery and Integration (2001/6)
WSDL: Web Service Description Language
SOAP: Simple Object Access Protocol (2001/7)
電子化政府服務基礎架構 (eGov SOA)
eGOV 儲存庫
平台管理觀點
內容/服務仲介者
內容/服務發佈
內容/服務查詢
國民服務觀點
內容/服務連結與
要求
政府作業觀點
內容/服務提供者
內容/服務要求者
內容/服務回覆
內容服務註冊技術標準
• UN/CEFACT註冊/儲存庫： (未成熟)
– 以UMM為核心；最高等級國際標準
– 採用CCTS資訊模型：適合內容物件
• OASIS ebXML註冊/儲存庫： (發展中)
– 以Extended SOＡ為概念：ebRS；業界標
準
– 採用ebRIM資訊模型：適合內容物件
• UDDI註冊/儲存庫： (發展競爭中)
– 以SOA為概念
– 採用白頁/黃頁/綠頁的資料結構：適合服務但
不適合內容
UN/CEFACT CCTS (Core Component Technical
Specification)
ebXML Registry Information Model
UDDI Registry Data
White
Pages
Business Units
Yellow
Pages
Taxonomies
Green
Pages
Descriptions of
Services
內容服務註冊使用情境分析
註冊服務處
提交
查詢
內容規範
民眾
內容擁有單位
驗證
eGov
入口網站
CS
企業
核準/駁回
儲存庫
內容註冊/儲存庫
註冊中心
內容註冊服務處功能
• 內容註冊(Content Registry)
– 內容註冊和驗證程序和介面
• 內容發現(Content Discovery)
– 內容查詢的使用者介面和應用程式介面
• 內容管理(Content Management)
– 內容生命周期管理
• 事件通告(Event Notification)
– 內容事件控制和服務及流程整合
• 系統安全功能(Security Enforced)
– 內容為主之數位簽章和角色權限控制
• 註冊服務處聯合互作功能(Registry Federation)
– 彈性的分散式註冊服務處系統架構
內容註冊物件生命周期
submitObject
Submitted
提交
approveObject
Approved
核準
deprecateObject
Deprecated
廢棄
removeObject
Removed
移除
ebXML Registry 查詢
ebXML Registry 內容物件編輯
ebXML Registry 內容物件語意關連
ebXML和SCORM的比較
ebXML
• e-Business的標準
– Vertical Specification
– Horizontal Specification
– Fundamental Standard
• Learn from EDI
• Business Collaboration
– UML, UMM
• Business Knowledge
– ? UMM CCTS
– Repository
• 結合Web Services
SCORM
• e-Learning的標準
– ?
– SCORM
– Fundamental Standard
• Learn from ? education
• Learning Knowledge
– LOM + ?
– Repository…
• Run-time Environment
– API ?
– Web Services
• Part of Human Resource
System