Transcript Слайд 1 - Indian Railways

Prospective research of
VNIIZhT in field of
freight traffic
Prof. А.Е. Semechkin
GRFC2007, New Delhi, 22-24 March 2007
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Railway transport in Russian
Federation
• Railway transport in Russian Federation is
one of the most important, basic branches
of economy. It carries about 80% of freight
traffic volume
(without taking into consideration pipeline
transport) and about 50 % of the
passenger turnover of the transport
system of the country.
GRFC2007, New Delhi, 22-24 March 2007
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Objectives of Russian railways in field of
international freight traffic development
• Development of international transport
corridors
• Development of railway transport as a
main link in global logistic chain and deep
integration of Russian railways into Euro Asian transport system.
• Strengthening and development of
partnership with countries of 1520 mm
gauge and interaction with countries of
1435 mm gauge.
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Objectives of Russian railways in field of
international freight traffic (continuation)
• Working out intergovernmental standards with
harmonization of technical requirements and
regulations for rolling stock and infrastructure of
transport systems
• Development and introduction of prospective
rolling stock for freight traffic
• Organizing operation of trains of increased mass
and length. Increase in volume of container
traffic including intermodal modes of operation.
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VNIIZhT objectives in field of freight traffic
• Improvement of technologies used for traffic
control in international transport corridors
• Working out intergovernmental standards with
unified technical requirements and rules for
rolling stock
• Increase in interoperability of railways by
harmonization of requirements for rolling stock
and infrastructure of transport systems
• Development and introduction of prospective
rolling stock for freight traffic
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GRFC2007, New Delhi, 22-24 March 2007
VNIIZhT objectives in field of freight
traffic development (continuation)
• Working out requirements for infrastructure to
allow realization of international traffic
• Creation of technologies for operation of trains
of increased mass and length
• Technical and technological support for
international container and contrailer traffic
• Development of system for automatic
identification of rolling stock for 1520 mm gauge
area
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Priorities of Russian railways in
field of technical regulation
• Harmonization of norms within
Euro - Asian transport system,
• Achievement of efficient mode of
interoperability in different regions, in one
region and in combination with other
modes of transport,
• Introduction of simplified procedures at
border crossings.
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Maintaining of technical unity with
CIS and Baltic states
Legal basis:
«Agreement on essential principles of
harmonization of technical regulations of
the Member States of Euro – Asian
economical community” and
Draft «Agreement on essential principles
of harmonization of technical regulations
of Member States of Commonwealth of
Independent States”.
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Maintaining of technical unity with CIS
countries and Baltic states (continuation)
• Working out technical regulations in the
form of intergovernmental models is
required for maintaining unified railway
network in CIS countries operating without
any technical barriers
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Harmonization with ЕU
Due to difference in legislative norms,
harmonization can be realized by means
of coordinating norms, included in the
Federal Law (Technical regulations), with
by-laws of European Union (Technical
specifications for interoperability) or with
the standards harmonized with directives
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Harmonization with EU
(continuation)
• In the results of the above, harmonization
should be made available exclusively for
technical regulation objects which could be
operated on Russian and EU
infrastructure.
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Heavy hauls
In accordance with the decisions and
requirements of the JSC “RZD”
Programme for Strategic Development, a
comprehensive scientific project (CSP)
“Increase in mass and length of freight
trains on main directions of railway
network” has been elaborated by
VNIIZhT.
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SURVEYED HEAVY HAUL ROUTS
Moscow – St. Petersburg - Murmansk
Moscow – Arkhangelsk
Moscow – Novorossiysk
Moscow - Astrahan
TransSib
Nakhodka
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Heavy hauls. Choice of
mass of train
An important task – increase in number of
trains of increased mass and length,
contributes to enhancement of carrying
capacity on main directions of railway
network and reduction of expenses related
to operation of trains.
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Unified norms
of freight train mass
Following parameters for main routes of
Russian Railway Network have been
approved for the period up to 2010 –2015
as the unified freight train mass norm:
•
•
mass - 6,3 tons,
length - 71 reference cars or 1050 m
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Trains with mass of 9,0 tons
• Trains with mass of 9,0 tons with traction
from head of train and with device for
braking synchronization at a train end are
used, if necessary, on bulk freight
transportation sections
• Main task - to provide the passing of such
trains and to ensure the safe operation
• Owing to it, additional economy in terms
of locomotives, locomotive crews and
power consumption is achieved
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Trains with mass of 12,6 tons
• If necessary trains with mass of 12,6 tons
can operate on railway directions at
unified mass norm of 6,3 tons, especially,
during summer track maintenance activity
or in case of accelerated freight traffic
due to emergency
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Choice of rational load of locomotives
with regard to adhesion
Statistical data
Con
sum
ptio
n of
sand
(t/104
km)
Hollow
wear,
mm/
104k
m
Experimental runs
Run
ning
gear
dam
ages,
pcs./
104k
m)
Sleepage
Sleepage of of
wheel
sets
wheel sets
Ls/Ltotal, % %
Ls/Ltotal,
3
3
2
1
0,2
4
Regimes of
operation
Economic
Rational
Intensive
Not-acceptable
2
F traction
F adhesion
1
Test
Test
results
results
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Optimization of train gross weight rate
per one locomotive
Expenses
Total
expenses
Expenses on
technical support
of locomotive
traction
Expenses due to size of
operating locomotive
fleet
Optimal train weight
Train gross
weight rate
East-Siberian direction: rational train gross weight 5,6-5,8 tonnes,
train gross weight for intensive operation 5,8-6,0 tonnes
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Safety. Longitudinal and dynamic
forces in freight trains
Longitudinal and dynamic forces increase at
traction and braking regimes on trains of
increased mass and length.
They should not exceed maximum permissible
values and thus provide for a necessary level of
safe operation.
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Safety. Longitudinal and dynamic forces
in freight trains (continued)
• For freight traffic applications, VNIIZhT has
developed Programme for estimation of
longitudinal and dynamic forces and system for
their remote measurement.
• On this basis, automatic driving system for
freight rolling stock with functions of energyoptimal control and ensuring safe level of
longitudinal and dynamic forces when using the
distributed traction was created.
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Measurement of longitudinal and dynamic forces in cross
sections of freight trains with mass of 12,0 tonnes
On-board unit for force data
recording
System control unit in
laboratory-car
Diagram of forces of automatic coupler in cross sections of freight trains of 12,0 tons
Coupler No 1
Coupler No 13
Coupler No 31
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Safety. Longitudinal and dynamic forces
Use of intellectual equipment for control of
locomotives distributed along joint train
will result in:
• energy-optimal operation;
• efficient control of longitudinal and
dynamic forces;
• simplified operation control of locomotives
distributed along the train.
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Strengthening of infrastructure
• VNIIZhT has worked out methodology incorporating
design and experimental methods for determination of
measures required for strengthening infrastructure with
regard to introduction of trains operation of increased
mass and length.
Following issues are under consideration:
systems of traction power supply,
C & S devices,
systems for maintenance of locomotives and cars,
extension of station tracks,
strengthening of permanent way.
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Cars of increased load capacity
One of the important directions of the development of
heavy haul operations is increase in the car fleet by
means of introduction of gandola cars with Tpr clearance
gauge. Tpr clearance gauge is 150 mm wider than 1 – T
clearance gauge. Height of its rectangular part is 4500
mm, which is 500 mm more than that of 1-Т clearance
gauge. In this case, axle load of 25 t is available at the
load per meter of 9.5 t/m and it is possible to make-up a
train with the mass of about 8,5 tones, axle load of 25 t,
consisting of 86 cars on the tracks, length of which is
1050 m. This direction is an alternative to extension of
tracks for more than 1050 m.
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Cars of increased load capacity
(continued)
In this case, axle load of 25 t is available
at the load per meter of 9.5 t/m and it is
possible to make-up a train with the mass
of about 8,5 tones, axle load of 25 t,
consisting of 86 cars on the tracks, length
of which is 1050 m. This direction is an
alternative to extension of tracks for more
than 1050 m.
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Tpr clearance gauge
1-T clearance1gauge
Габарит
- Т
Габарит
Т
T clearance gauge
4850
Габарит
Tpr clearanceТпр
gauge
Уровень
Upper surface
верха
of rails
головок
рельсов
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Automatic rolling stock identification
system (SAIPS)
Provides for reliable online automatic
location of wagons and locomotives
required for Automate Railway
Transportation Control Systems
(ASU ZhT)
Applied read-out devices
Installed: 400 000 sensing devises
Equipped: 680 read-out points
Solved tasks:
- Wagons and locomotive fleet control
- Identification related transfer of wagons between railways in
automatic regime
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Use of SAIPS
• Introduction of SAIPS is realized in a stepby-step approach on specific parts of
network (beginning with eastern ones)
coupled with corresponding information
technologies.
• VNIIZhT continues to work at improvement
of this prospective system for freight rolling
stock control.
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Cooperation with CIS countries,
Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia
• National programmes for introduction of
SAIPS are being developed by CIS
countries and Baltic states.
• Trains on international service are
equipped with on-board code sensors.
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Prospects of SAIPS
• Monitoring of large-capacity containers
transported by railways.
• Equipping of locking and sealing devices
with electronic sensors, their automatic
control during train movement.
• Marking of rolling stock units and
assembles with electronic sensors is the
basis for creation of reliable data base and
monitoring of main units of rolling stock.
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Thank you very much
for your attention!
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