Transcript Document

Eye
The Most Important square inch of the body
AGE RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION
(AMD) or (ARMD)
AGE RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION
Age Related Macular Degeneration
knowned as (AMD) or (AMRD) is the
2nd largest threat to this important
square inch of our body.
The Risk
An epidemic of “ageing” is impending in the Western
world. According to the latest predictions released by
the United Nations, the number of people aged over
60 will triple from 606 million worldwide in 2000 to
nearly 2 billion by 2050. The increase in population
aged over 80 is expected to be more than five fold,
from 69 million in 2000 to 379 million by 2050.
One major implication of this demographic change is the
emergence of conditions that are directly related to
ageing.
Ref: BMJ 2003; 326: 485-8
AGE RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION
Age related macular degeneration (AMD) is the
leading cause of severe visual loss in the
western world in people over 50 years of age.
Leading cause of IRREVERSIBLE visual
loss in people over 60 years.
Thirty percent of people over 75 years have
some form of AMD
Ref: Surveys of ophthalmology 32 (6) 1988: 375-413
AMD: TERMINOLOGY
Degeneration is the change of a tissue to a less functionally
active form.
Referred as senile macular degeneration, a name given by
Haab as early as 1885,
Age Related macular degeneration has recently been named
by Professor A C Bird and coworkers who performed the
International ARM Epidemiological study group.
The disorder is either referred to age related maculopathy
(ARM) or age related macular degeneration (AMD)
AGE RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION
The UN estimates the number of people with age
related macular degeneration at 20-25 million
worldwide
WHO’s estimate is 8 million people with severe
visual impairment
AMD was found to be second only to cataract as the
cause of severe visual loss
Ref: BMJ 2003; 326: 485-8
TREATMENT
No cure or treatment for this
disease
Only Prevention is Better
Treatment
If it can be identified earlier, it can
be prevented to create
permanent damage
NORMAL MACULA
Eye Anatomy
Macula
90% of day light vision
AMD: SYMPTOMS VISUAL
AMD: SYMPTOMS
Patient’s ability to perform normal daily tasks such as reading,
sewing, telling the time, driving are greatly impaired.
Normal Vision
Early AMD
Late AMD
Damage Is Irreversible
AMD: EFFECT ON QUALITY OF LIFE
General Consequences
Reduced quality of
life
AMD is associated
with higher risk of
 Fall
 Hip fracture
 Reduced daily
activity
 Depression
AMD: ESTABLISHED AND POSSIBLE
RISK FACTORS
Established Risk Factors
Possible Risk Factors
Older age (> 60 years)
Family history
Female sex
Light-colored iris
Cigarette smoking
Cardiovascular disease
Low dietary intake or plasma
concentrations of anti-oxidant
vitamins and zinc
NEJM; Vol. 342 (7): 2000: 483-492
Progresses Unfortunately
AMD: PREVENTION
Prevention is Better than Cure
If It is identified before it creates permanent damages, we
can have better control over it.
Do Not Panic!
Nature Protects
We Have Macular Pigments
Macular Pigment Filters Blue Light1
Prevents Damage
Macular Pigment
1. Snodderly et al; Invest Ophth Vis Sci 1984.
People with AMD have 30% lower
Macular Pigment Density1
1. Landrum et al, Academy Press London, 1997
Damage Increases with Low
1
Macular Pigment Density
Prevents
Damage
Macular
Degeneration
Macular Pigment
1. Snodderly et al; Invest Ophth Vis Sci 1984.
Measurement Of Macular Pigment Density
Measurement
Of Macular
Pigment
Density is
NOW possible!
Macular Pigment
Density Meter
THE BEST AND ONLY OPTION
FOR AMD MANAGEMENT
Regular check ups
Screening and identifying HIGH RISK subjects
Treatment for increasing macular pigments
Reducing risk of development of macular
degeneration
Conclusion
AMD is common but not inevitable
Treatment options are limited
Preventative treatment could be helpful to
prevent serious complications
AMRD induced Blindness
Prevention Program for
INDIA
AIM
TO ESTABLISH 100%
CONTROL OVER AMD
(ARMD) INDUCED
BLINDNESS IN INDIA BY
2020
AMD: PREVALENCE IN INDIA
Prevalence of AMD varies from 1.2% to 29.3%
In South India, the prevalence is 1.1% whereas,
another study from North India reports the
prevalence rate to be 4.7%
Different studies shows prevalence of AMD in India
from 1.1% to 8.7% in the age group of 45-65.
So, average comes to almost 5%
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci (abstract) 2000; 41; 5119
Ind. J Ophthalmol 1984; 32: 343-6
The economic burden of
blindness in India
The economic burden of blindness in
India for the year 1997, based on the
WHO studies:
Individual: Rs. 159 billion (US$ 4.4
billion),
Cumulative loss over lifetime of the
blind is Rs. 2,787 billion
(US$ 77.4 billion).
Naturally, in 2010, it must’ve
increased to more than 400%!
The economic burden of
blindness in India
Let’s consider @ 300% only
i.e. Rs. 477 billion per year
(Rs. 16,296 per person) and
Cumulative Loss comes to
Rs. 8,361 billion
(Rs. 2,85,651 per person!)
Population in INDIA
Figures showing Total Numbers of the People in INDIA
and the Age Group of 50+
(The Figures are based on 2011 Census of India)
We have taken that 50% of the total population are of this
Age Group
Population 2011
Country
50% of Total
Persons
INDIA
Males
Females
1,21,01,93,422 62,37,24,248 58,64,69,174 60,50,96,711
People at High Risk of AMD in INDIA
A survey on ARMD shows that this disease is started
showing from age of 45+ which was 60+ previously.
So, to prevent this disease, we must screen eyes of 45+
people. If we consider 50% population comes in this group,
the figure comes to: 60,50,96,711 persons are at High Risk.
INDIA
60,50,96,711 people
should be scanned for
AMD to safeguard them
from Blindness.
(Age Group 45+ years)
Measuring Macular
Pigment Density
Total Persons to be
Scanned in INDIA
Persons
Checked
Per
Machine
Per Day
Total Machine
Days Required
60,50,96,711
25
2,42,03,868
Required Nos of Machines
Total No. of Machines required
to set for total screening in
One Year
Total Machine Days
Required
2,42,03,868
Minimum Nos. of
Working
Machines Required
Days in a
for Screening in
Year
One Year
260
93,092
Required Nos of Machines
All the Machines, may not be
utilized at its 100%, so we need
to have at least 3 times more
number of Machine Set up.
Which Works out to 2,79,275
Machines…
LOGIC for Establishing
ARMD Detection Network
Look, the figures of Economic
Burden of Blindness in India Rs. 477
billion each year.
Amongst total blindness, more than
30% is caused of AMRD.
30% of Rs.477 billion is Rs.143.1
billion
WHO WE ARE
We are The Sole & Exclusive
Distributors For
Macular Densitometer of
MACULAR METRICS II, USA
The Researchers and
Manufacturers of
Macular Densitometer
WE ARE HERE
MISSION HEALTH TECH
INTERNATIONAL PVT. LTD.
118 MANEK CENTER
OPP. INCOME TAX OFFICE
PANDIT NEHRU MARG
JAMNAGAR – 361008
Phone: (0288)2552761, +919426818630
E-mail: [email protected]
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